Changing dynamics in the spread and management of banana Xanthomonas wilt disease in Uganda over two decades

Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) is a destructive disease caused by Xanthomonas vasicola pv. musacearum (Xvm) bacterium that indiscriminately infects all banana varieties grown in East and Central Africa (ECA). In this region, BXW was first reported in 2001 in Uganda and was projected to eliminate >90%...

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Main Authors: Kubiriba, Jerome, Erima, Rockefeller, Tugume, Arthur K., Tinzaara, William, Tushemereirwe, Wilberforce K.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: American Phytopathological Society 2023
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/130896
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author Kubiriba, Jerome
Erima, Rockefeller
Tugume, Arthur K.
Tinzaara, William
Tushemereirwe, Wilberforce K.
author_browse Erima, Rockefeller
Kubiriba, Jerome
Tinzaara, William
Tugume, Arthur K.
Tushemereirwe, Wilberforce K.
author_facet Kubiriba, Jerome
Erima, Rockefeller
Tugume, Arthur K.
Tinzaara, William
Tushemereirwe, Wilberforce K.
author_sort Kubiriba, Jerome
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) is a destructive disease caused by Xanthomonas vasicola pv. musacearum (Xvm) bacterium that indiscriminately infects all banana varieties grown in East and Central Africa (ECA). In this region, BXW was first reported in 2001 in Uganda and was projected to eliminate >90% of Uganda’s bananas worth US$4 billion if not controlled in less than 10 years. Lack of basic information led to application of control approaches that were based on similarity of BXW symptoms to those of Moko disease of bananas. The approaches were however, unsuccessful and in 7-9 years, BXW had covered six countries and threatened to wipe out the banana industry in ECA. However, BXW has to-date been tamed, mainly due to relentless and systematic deployment of carefully crafted and packaged cultural control practices based on epidemiological information generated within target banana cropping ecosystems. In Uganda, the initial “top-down” communication approaches reached >85% banana farming communities but did not mobilize the communities enough into action; hence, only 30% impact in controlling BXW was registered. In contrast, participatory approaches mobilised farming communities into action and effectively controlled BXW at field and community levels to near eradication. The approaches effectively controlled BXW in Uganda, and consequently, in eastern Kenya, northern Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and DRC. This paper reviews step-wise processes leading to success over the 2 decades and identifies critical research gaps. Deployment of resistant genotypes is urgently needed as a significant addition to the BXW management tool-box to create BXW-free banana cropping systems in ECA.
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spelling CGSpace1308962025-11-11T17:42:25Z Changing dynamics in the spread and management of banana Xanthomonas wilt disease in Uganda over two decades Kubiriba, Jerome Erima, Rockefeller Tugume, Arthur K. Tinzaara, William Tushemereirwe, Wilberforce K. bananas banana xanthomonas wilt disease control participatory approaches disease management epidemiology rural communities molecular biology ecology Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) is a destructive disease caused by Xanthomonas vasicola pv. musacearum (Xvm) bacterium that indiscriminately infects all banana varieties grown in East and Central Africa (ECA). In this region, BXW was first reported in 2001 in Uganda and was projected to eliminate >90% of Uganda’s bananas worth US$4 billion if not controlled in less than 10 years. Lack of basic information led to application of control approaches that were based on similarity of BXW symptoms to those of Moko disease of bananas. The approaches were however, unsuccessful and in 7-9 years, BXW had covered six countries and threatened to wipe out the banana industry in ECA. However, BXW has to-date been tamed, mainly due to relentless and systematic deployment of carefully crafted and packaged cultural control practices based on epidemiological information generated within target banana cropping ecosystems. In Uganda, the initial “top-down” communication approaches reached >85% banana farming communities but did not mobilize the communities enough into action; hence, only 30% impact in controlling BXW was registered. In contrast, participatory approaches mobilised farming communities into action and effectively controlled BXW at field and community levels to near eradication. The approaches effectively controlled BXW in Uganda, and consequently, in eastern Kenya, northern Tanzania, Rwanda, Burundi and DRC. This paper reviews step-wise processes leading to success over the 2 decades and identifies critical research gaps. Deployment of resistant genotypes is urgently needed as a significant addition to the BXW management tool-box to create BXW-free banana cropping systems in ECA. 2023-06 2023-06-27T07:10:47Z 2023-06-27T07:10:47Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/130896 en Open Access application/pdf American Phytopathological Society Kubiriba, J.; Erima, R.; Tugume, A.K.; Tinzaara, W.; Tushemereirwe, W.K. (2023) Changing dynamics in the spread and management of banana Xanthomonas wilt disease in Uganda over two decades. Phytobiomes Journal 7(1): p. 29-41. ISSN: 2471-2906
spellingShingle bananas
banana xanthomonas wilt
disease control
participatory approaches
disease management
epidemiology
rural communities
molecular biology
ecology
Kubiriba, Jerome
Erima, Rockefeller
Tugume, Arthur K.
Tinzaara, William
Tushemereirwe, Wilberforce K.
Changing dynamics in the spread and management of banana Xanthomonas wilt disease in Uganda over two decades
title Changing dynamics in the spread and management of banana Xanthomonas wilt disease in Uganda over two decades
title_full Changing dynamics in the spread and management of banana Xanthomonas wilt disease in Uganda over two decades
title_fullStr Changing dynamics in the spread and management of banana Xanthomonas wilt disease in Uganda over two decades
title_full_unstemmed Changing dynamics in the spread and management of banana Xanthomonas wilt disease in Uganda over two decades
title_short Changing dynamics in the spread and management of banana Xanthomonas wilt disease in Uganda over two decades
title_sort changing dynamics in the spread and management of banana xanthomonas wilt disease in uganda over two decades
topic bananas
banana xanthomonas wilt
disease control
participatory approaches
disease management
epidemiology
rural communities
molecular biology
ecology
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/130896
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