Allelic diversity study of functional genes in East Africa bread wheat highlights opportunities for genetic improvement

Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple crop in East Africa (EA) providing 9% and 10% of daily calories and protein intake, respectively. However, EA countries depend on import to meet 55% of their domestic wheat supplies due to increasing demands and low domestic yields. To determine the be...

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Main Authors: Wamalwa, Mercy, Tadesse, Zerihun, Muthui, Lucy, Yao, Nasser, Zegeye, Habtemariam, Randhawa, Mandeep S., Wanyera, Ruth, Uauy, Cristobal, Shorinola, Oluwaseyi
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Springer 2020
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/129341
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author Wamalwa, Mercy
Tadesse, Zerihun
Muthui, Lucy
Yao, Nasser
Zegeye, Habtemariam
Randhawa, Mandeep S.
Wanyera, Ruth
Uauy, Cristobal
Shorinola, Oluwaseyi
author_browse Muthui, Lucy
Randhawa, Mandeep S.
Shorinola, Oluwaseyi
Tadesse, Zerihun
Uauy, Cristobal
Wamalwa, Mercy
Wanyera, Ruth
Yao, Nasser
Zegeye, Habtemariam
author_facet Wamalwa, Mercy
Tadesse, Zerihun
Muthui, Lucy
Yao, Nasser
Zegeye, Habtemariam
Randhawa, Mandeep S.
Wanyera, Ruth
Uauy, Cristobal
Shorinola, Oluwaseyi
author_sort Wamalwa, Mercy
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple crop in East Africa (EA) providing 9% and 10% of daily calories and protein intake, respectively. However, EA countries depend on import to meet 55% of their domestic wheat supplies due to increasing demands and low domestic yields. To determine the beneficial gene pool currently exploited for wheat improvement in EA, we examined the allelic diversity of 39 genes of breeding importance in a collection of 239 wheat cultivars and breeding lines from Kenya and Ethiopia using KASP markers. The assayed genes have been shown to control variations in plant height, thousand kernel weight (TKW), grain protein content, pre-harvest sprouting (PHS), disease resistance, and flowering time. We observed the beneficial alleles of some major genes including Gpc-B1 , Yr5 , Yr15 , Sr26 , and Fhb1 to be missing or present at low frequencies in this population. Furthermore, we validated the effects of the major Rht-1 alleles and TaCKX-D1 in controlling variation in plant height and thousand kernel weight, respectively, under EA conditions. Our results uncover hitherto unexploited allelic diversity that can be used to improve the genetic potential of EA wheat germplasm. This will inform strategies to rapidly mobilize these beneficial alleles for wheat improvement in EA.
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spelling CGSpace1293412024-08-27T10:36:47Z Allelic diversity study of functional genes in East Africa bread wheat highlights opportunities for genetic improvement Wamalwa, Mercy Tadesse, Zerihun Muthui, Lucy Yao, Nasser Zegeye, Habtemariam Randhawa, Mandeep S. Wanyera, Ruth Uauy, Cristobal Shorinola, Oluwaseyi wheat genes africa east africa genetic improvement improvement bread bread wheat Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is a major staple crop in East Africa (EA) providing 9% and 10% of daily calories and protein intake, respectively. However, EA countries depend on import to meet 55% of their domestic wheat supplies due to increasing demands and low domestic yields. To determine the beneficial gene pool currently exploited for wheat improvement in EA, we examined the allelic diversity of 39 genes of breeding importance in a collection of 239 wheat cultivars and breeding lines from Kenya and Ethiopia using KASP markers. The assayed genes have been shown to control variations in plant height, thousand kernel weight (TKW), grain protein content, pre-harvest sprouting (PHS), disease resistance, and flowering time. We observed the beneficial alleles of some major genes including Gpc-B1 , Yr5 , Yr15 , Sr26 , and Fhb1 to be missing or present at low frequencies in this population. Furthermore, we validated the effects of the major Rht-1 alleles and TaCKX-D1 in controlling variation in plant height and thousand kernel weight, respectively, under EA conditions. Our results uncover hitherto unexploited allelic diversity that can be used to improve the genetic potential of EA wheat germplasm. This will inform strategies to rapidly mobilize these beneficial alleles for wheat improvement in EA. 2020-11 2023-03-10T14:33:28Z 2023-03-10T14:33:28Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/129341 en Open Access Springer Wamalwa, Mercy; Tadesse, Zerihun; Muthui, Lucy; Yao, Nasser; Zegeye, Habtemariam; Randhawa, Mandeep; Wanyera, Ruth; Uauy, Cristobal; Shorinola, Oluwaseyi. 2020. Allelic diversity study of functional genes in East Africa bread wheat highlights opportunities for genetic improvement. Molecular Breeding 40:
spellingShingle wheat
genes
africa
east africa
genetic improvement
improvement
bread
bread wheat
Wamalwa, Mercy
Tadesse, Zerihun
Muthui, Lucy
Yao, Nasser
Zegeye, Habtemariam
Randhawa, Mandeep S.
Wanyera, Ruth
Uauy, Cristobal
Shorinola, Oluwaseyi
Allelic diversity study of functional genes in East Africa bread wheat highlights opportunities for genetic improvement
title Allelic diversity study of functional genes in East Africa bread wheat highlights opportunities for genetic improvement
title_full Allelic diversity study of functional genes in East Africa bread wheat highlights opportunities for genetic improvement
title_fullStr Allelic diversity study of functional genes in East Africa bread wheat highlights opportunities for genetic improvement
title_full_unstemmed Allelic diversity study of functional genes in East Africa bread wheat highlights opportunities for genetic improvement
title_short Allelic diversity study of functional genes in East Africa bread wheat highlights opportunities for genetic improvement
title_sort allelic diversity study of functional genes in east africa bread wheat highlights opportunities for genetic improvement
topic wheat
genes
africa
east africa
genetic improvement
improvement
bread
bread wheat
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/129341
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