Conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of maize (Zea mays l.) and can impact food and nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa
Maize is a major staple and plays an essential role in food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Conservation agriculture (CA), a climate-smart agriculture practise based on minimum soil disturbance, crop residue retention, and crop diversification, has been widely advocated but witho...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
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Frontiers Media
2022
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| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/127669 |
| _version_ | 1855519460874518528 |
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| author | Galani, Yamdeu Joseph Hubert Ligowe, Ivy Sichinga Kieffer, Martin Kamalongo, Donwell Kambwiri, Alfred Mexon Kuwali, Pamela Thierfelder, Christian L. Dougill, Andrew J. Gong, Yun Yun Orfila, Caroline |
| author_browse | Dougill, Andrew J. Galani, Yamdeu Joseph Hubert Gong, Yun Yun Kamalongo, Donwell Kambwiri, Alfred Mexon Kieffer, Martin Kuwali, Pamela Ligowe, Ivy Sichinga Orfila, Caroline Thierfelder, Christian L. |
| author_facet | Galani, Yamdeu Joseph Hubert Ligowe, Ivy Sichinga Kieffer, Martin Kamalongo, Donwell Kambwiri, Alfred Mexon Kuwali, Pamela Thierfelder, Christian L. Dougill, Andrew J. Gong, Yun Yun Orfila, Caroline |
| author_sort | Galani, Yamdeu Joseph Hubert |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Maize is a major staple and plays an essential role in food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Conservation agriculture (CA), a climate-smart agriculture practise based on minimum soil disturbance, crop residue retention, and crop diversification, has been widely advocated but without extensive research on the impact it may have on maize nutrient composition, and food and nutrition security. This study assessed the grain yield, macro- and micronutrient mineral content, and nutrient yield of eight maize varieties grown in Malawi, and how these are affected by CA practises over two seasons. The minerals were analysed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) coupled to optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and to mass spectroscopy (MS). Grain yield and Se content differed among the varieties, while C, N, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, and Zn were similar. The local variety Kanjerenjere showed lowest grain and nutrient yields. The open-pollinated varieties (OPVs) concentrated more minerals than the F1 hybrids, but the latter showed higher yields for both grain and nutrients. Typical consumption of the eight maize varieties could fully meet the protein and Mg dietary reference intake (DRIs) of Malawian children (1–3 years), as well as Mg and Mn needs of adult women (19–50 years), but their contribution to dietary requirements was low for Fe (39–41%) and K (13–21%). The trials showed that CA increased grain yield (1.2- to 1.8-fold) and Se content (1.1- to 1.7-fold), but that it had no effect on C, K, Mg, P, and Zn, and that N (1.1- to 1.2-fold), Mn (1.1- to 1.8-fold), and Fe (1.3- to 3.4-fold) were reduced. The high increase in grain yield under CA treatments resulted in increased yields of protein and Se, no effect on the yields of K, Mg, Mn, P, Zn, and reduced Fe yield. Conservation agriculture could contribute in reducing the risk of Se deficiency in Malawian women and children but exacerbates the risk of Fe deficiency. A combination of strategies will be needed to mitigate some of the foreseen effects of climate change on agriculture, and food and nutrition security, and improve nutrient intake. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace127669 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1276692025-12-08T10:29:22Z Conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of maize (Zea mays l.) and can impact food and nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa Galani, Yamdeu Joseph Hubert Ligowe, Ivy Sichinga Kieffer, Martin Kamalongo, Donwell Kambwiri, Alfred Mexon Kuwali, Pamela Thierfelder, Christian L. Dougill, Andrew J. Gong, Yun Yun Orfila, Caroline maize varieties nutrition security nutrient deficiencies climate change food science Maize is a major staple and plays an essential role in food and nutrition security in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Conservation agriculture (CA), a climate-smart agriculture practise based on minimum soil disturbance, crop residue retention, and crop diversification, has been widely advocated but without extensive research on the impact it may have on maize nutrient composition, and food and nutrition security. This study assessed the grain yield, macro- and micronutrient mineral content, and nutrient yield of eight maize varieties grown in Malawi, and how these are affected by CA practises over two seasons. The minerals were analysed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) coupled to optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and to mass spectroscopy (MS). Grain yield and Se content differed among the varieties, while C, N, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, P, and Zn were similar. The local variety Kanjerenjere showed lowest grain and nutrient yields. The open-pollinated varieties (OPVs) concentrated more minerals than the F1 hybrids, but the latter showed higher yields for both grain and nutrients. Typical consumption of the eight maize varieties could fully meet the protein and Mg dietary reference intake (DRIs) of Malawian children (1–3 years), as well as Mg and Mn needs of adult women (19–50 years), but their contribution to dietary requirements was low for Fe (39–41%) and K (13–21%). The trials showed that CA increased grain yield (1.2- to 1.8-fold) and Se content (1.1- to 1.7-fold), but that it had no effect on C, K, Mg, P, and Zn, and that N (1.1- to 1.2-fold), Mn (1.1- to 1.8-fold), and Fe (1.3- to 3.4-fold) were reduced. The high increase in grain yield under CA treatments resulted in increased yields of protein and Se, no effect on the yields of K, Mg, Mn, P, Zn, and reduced Fe yield. Conservation agriculture could contribute in reducing the risk of Se deficiency in Malawian women and children but exacerbates the risk of Fe deficiency. A combination of strategies will be needed to mitigate some of the foreseen effects of climate change on agriculture, and food and nutrition security, and improve nutrient intake. 2022-01-26 2023-01-20T10:06:27Z 2023-01-20T10:06:27Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/127669 en Open Access application/pdf Frontiers Media Galani, Y. J. H., Ligowe, I. S., Kieffer, M., Kamalongo, D., Kambwiri, A. M., Kuwali, P., Thierfelder, C., Dougill, A. J., Gong, Y. Y., & Orfila, C. (2022). Conservation Agriculture Affects Grain and Nutrient Yields of Maize (Zea Mays L.) and Can Impact Food and Nutrition Security in Sub-Saharan Africa. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.804663 |
| spellingShingle | maize varieties nutrition security nutrient deficiencies climate change food science Galani, Yamdeu Joseph Hubert Ligowe, Ivy Sichinga Kieffer, Martin Kamalongo, Donwell Kambwiri, Alfred Mexon Kuwali, Pamela Thierfelder, Christian L. Dougill, Andrew J. Gong, Yun Yun Orfila, Caroline Conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of maize (Zea mays l.) and can impact food and nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa |
| title | Conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of maize (Zea mays l.) and can impact food and nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_full | Conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of maize (Zea mays l.) and can impact food and nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_fullStr | Conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of maize (Zea mays l.) and can impact food and nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of maize (Zea mays l.) and can impact food and nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_short | Conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of maize (Zea mays l.) and can impact food and nutrition security in sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_sort | conservation agriculture affects grain and nutrient yields of maize zea mays l and can impact food and nutrition security in sub saharan africa |
| topic | maize varieties nutrition security nutrient deficiencies climate change food science |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/127669 |
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