Variation in grain zinc and iron concentrations, grain yield and associated traits of biofortified bread wheat genotypes in Nepal

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major staples in Nepal providing the bulk of food calories and at least 30% of Fe and Zn intake and 20% of dietary energy and protein consumption; thus, it is essential to improve its nutritional quality. To select high-yielding genotypes with elevated grai...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Dhruba Bahadur Thapa, Subedi, Mahesh, Yadav, Rajendra Prasad, Joshi, Bishnu Prasad, Adhikari, Bhim Nath, Shrestha, Keshav Prasad, Magar, Prem Bahadur, Pant, Khem, Gurung, Suk Bahadur, Ghimire, Sapana, Gautam, Nutan Raj, Acharya, Nav Raj, Sapkota, Manoj, Vinod Kumar Mishra, Joshi, Arun Kumar, Singh, Ravi P., Velu, Govindan
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Frontiers Media 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/126983
_version_ 1855526283790778368
author Dhruba Bahadur Thapa
Subedi, Mahesh
Yadav, Rajendra Prasad
Joshi, Bishnu Prasad
Adhikari, Bhim Nath
Shrestha, Keshav Prasad
Magar, Prem Bahadur
Pant, Khem
Gurung, Suk Bahadur
Ghimire, Sapana
Gautam, Nutan Raj
Acharya, Nav Raj
Sapkota, Manoj
Vinod Kumar Mishra
Joshi, Arun Kumar
Singh, Ravi P.
Velu, Govindan
author_browse Acharya, Nav Raj
Adhikari, Bhim Nath
Dhruba Bahadur Thapa
Gautam, Nutan Raj
Ghimire, Sapana
Gurung, Suk Bahadur
Joshi, Arun Kumar
Joshi, Bishnu Prasad
Magar, Prem Bahadur
Pant, Khem
Sapkota, Manoj
Shrestha, Keshav Prasad
Singh, Ravi P.
Subedi, Mahesh
Velu, Govindan
Vinod Kumar Mishra
Yadav, Rajendra Prasad
author_facet Dhruba Bahadur Thapa
Subedi, Mahesh
Yadav, Rajendra Prasad
Joshi, Bishnu Prasad
Adhikari, Bhim Nath
Shrestha, Keshav Prasad
Magar, Prem Bahadur
Pant, Khem
Gurung, Suk Bahadur
Ghimire, Sapana
Gautam, Nutan Raj
Acharya, Nav Raj
Sapkota, Manoj
Vinod Kumar Mishra
Joshi, Arun Kumar
Singh, Ravi P.
Velu, Govindan
author_sort Dhruba Bahadur Thapa
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major staples in Nepal providing the bulk of food calories and at least 30% of Fe and Zn intake and 20% of dietary energy and protein consumption; thus, it is essential to improve its nutritional quality. To select high-yielding genotypes with elevated grain zinc and iron concentration, the sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth HarvestPlus Yield Trials (HPYTs) were conducted across diverse locations in Nepal for four consecutive years: 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, and 2018–19, using 47 biofortified and 3 non-biofortified CIMMYT-bred, bread wheat genotypes: Baj#1, Kachu#1, and WK1204 (local check). Genotypic and spatial variations were found in agro-morphological traits; grain yield and its components; and the grain zinc and iron concentration of tested genotypes. Grain zinc concentration was highest in Khumaltar and lowest in Kabre. Likewise, grain iron concentration was highest in Doti and lowest in Surkhet. Most of the biofortified genotypes were superior for grain yield and for grain zinc and iron concentration to the non-biofortified checks. Combined analyses across environments showed moderate to high heritability for both Zn (0.48–0.81) and Fe (0.46–0.79) except a low heritability for Fe observed for 7th HPYT (0.15). Grain yield was positively correlated with the number of tillers per m2, while negatively correlated with days to heading and maturity, grain iron, grain weight per spike, and thousand grain weight. The grain zinc and iron concentration were positively correlated, suggesting that the simultaneous improvement of both micronutrients is possible through wheat breeding. Extensive testing of CIMMYT derived high Zn wheat lines in Nepal led to the release of five biofortified wheat varieties in 2020 with superior yield, better disease resistance, and 30–40% increased grain Zn and adaptable to a range of wheat growing regions in the country – from the hotter lowland, or Terai, regions to the dry mid- and high-elevation areas.
format Journal Article
id CGSpace126983
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2022
publishDateRange 2022
publishDateSort 2022
publisher Frontiers Media
publisherStr Frontiers Media
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace1269832025-12-08T10:29:22Z Variation in grain zinc and iron concentrations, grain yield and associated traits of biofortified bread wheat genotypes in Nepal Dhruba Bahadur Thapa Subedi, Mahesh Yadav, Rajendra Prasad Joshi, Bishnu Prasad Adhikari, Bhim Nath Shrestha, Keshav Prasad Magar, Prem Bahadur Pant, Khem Gurung, Suk Bahadur Ghimire, Sapana Gautam, Nutan Raj Acharya, Nav Raj Sapkota, Manoj Vinod Kumar Mishra Joshi, Arun Kumar Singh, Ravi P. Velu, Govindan biofortification wheat grain yields zinc iron Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major staples in Nepal providing the bulk of food calories and at least 30% of Fe and Zn intake and 20% of dietary energy and protein consumption; thus, it is essential to improve its nutritional quality. To select high-yielding genotypes with elevated grain zinc and iron concentration, the sixth, seventh, eighth, and ninth HarvestPlus Yield Trials (HPYTs) were conducted across diverse locations in Nepal for four consecutive years: 2015–16, 2016–17, 2017–18, and 2018–19, using 47 biofortified and 3 non-biofortified CIMMYT-bred, bread wheat genotypes: Baj#1, Kachu#1, and WK1204 (local check). Genotypic and spatial variations were found in agro-morphological traits; grain yield and its components; and the grain zinc and iron concentration of tested genotypes. Grain zinc concentration was highest in Khumaltar and lowest in Kabre. Likewise, grain iron concentration was highest in Doti and lowest in Surkhet. Most of the biofortified genotypes were superior for grain yield and for grain zinc and iron concentration to the non-biofortified checks. Combined analyses across environments showed moderate to high heritability for both Zn (0.48–0.81) and Fe (0.46–0.79) except a low heritability for Fe observed for 7th HPYT (0.15). Grain yield was positively correlated with the number of tillers per m2, while negatively correlated with days to heading and maturity, grain iron, grain weight per spike, and thousand grain weight. The grain zinc and iron concentration were positively correlated, suggesting that the simultaneous improvement of both micronutrients is possible through wheat breeding. Extensive testing of CIMMYT derived high Zn wheat lines in Nepal led to the release of five biofortified wheat varieties in 2020 with superior yield, better disease resistance, and 30–40% increased grain Zn and adaptable to a range of wheat growing regions in the country – from the hotter lowland, or Terai, regions to the dry mid- and high-elevation areas. 2022-06-13 2023-01-12T16:01:25Z 2023-01-12T16:01:25Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/126983 en Open Access application/pdf Frontiers Media Thapa, D. B., Subedi, M., Yadav, R. P., Joshi, B. P., Adhikari, B. N., Shrestha, K. P., Magar, P. B., Pant, K. R., Gurung, S. B., Ghimire, S., Gautam, N. R., Acharya, N. R., Sapkota, M., Mishra, V. K., Joshi, A. K., Singh, R. P., & Govindan, V. (2022). Variation in Grain Zinc and Iron Concentrations, Grain Yield and Associated Traits of Biofortified Bread Wheat Genotypes in Nepal. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.881965
spellingShingle biofortification
wheat
grain
yields
zinc
iron
Dhruba Bahadur Thapa
Subedi, Mahesh
Yadav, Rajendra Prasad
Joshi, Bishnu Prasad
Adhikari, Bhim Nath
Shrestha, Keshav Prasad
Magar, Prem Bahadur
Pant, Khem
Gurung, Suk Bahadur
Ghimire, Sapana
Gautam, Nutan Raj
Acharya, Nav Raj
Sapkota, Manoj
Vinod Kumar Mishra
Joshi, Arun Kumar
Singh, Ravi P.
Velu, Govindan
Variation in grain zinc and iron concentrations, grain yield and associated traits of biofortified bread wheat genotypes in Nepal
title Variation in grain zinc and iron concentrations, grain yield and associated traits of biofortified bread wheat genotypes in Nepal
title_full Variation in grain zinc and iron concentrations, grain yield and associated traits of biofortified bread wheat genotypes in Nepal
title_fullStr Variation in grain zinc and iron concentrations, grain yield and associated traits of biofortified bread wheat genotypes in Nepal
title_full_unstemmed Variation in grain zinc and iron concentrations, grain yield and associated traits of biofortified bread wheat genotypes in Nepal
title_short Variation in grain zinc and iron concentrations, grain yield and associated traits of biofortified bread wheat genotypes in Nepal
title_sort variation in grain zinc and iron concentrations grain yield and associated traits of biofortified bread wheat genotypes in nepal
topic biofortification
wheat
grain
yields
zinc
iron
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/126983
work_keys_str_mv AT dhrubabahadurthapa variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT subedimahesh variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT yadavrajendraprasad variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT joshibishnuprasad variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT adhikaribhimnath variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT shresthakeshavprasad variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT magarprembahadur variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT pantkhem variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT gurungsukbahadur variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT ghimiresapana variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT gautamnutanraj variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT acharyanavraj variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT sapkotamanoj variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT vinodkumarmishra variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT joshiarunkumar variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT singhravip variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal
AT velugovindan variationingrainzincandironconcentrationsgrainyieldandassociatedtraitsofbiofortifiedbreadwheatgenotypesinnepal