Plant breeding increases spring wheat yield potential in Afghanistan

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an essential food security crop in Afghanistan. To determine the contribution of wheat breeding to increasing productivity, we analyzed data obtained from 192 trials conducted over 11 locations from 2002–2003 to 2015–2016. Using this data, we estimated annual genetic...

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Main Authors: Sharma, Rajiv Kumar, Crossa, José, Ataei, Najibeh, Lodin, Raqib, Joshi, Arun Kumar, Vargas Hernández, Mateo, Braun, Hans-Joachim, Singh, Ravi P., Bentley, Alison R.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Wiley 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/126426
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author Sharma, Rajiv Kumar
Crossa, José
Ataei, Najibeh
Lodin, Raqib
Joshi, Arun Kumar
Vargas Hernández, Mateo
Braun, Hans-Joachim
Singh, Ravi P.
Bentley, Alison R.
author_browse Ataei, Najibeh
Bentley, Alison R.
Braun, Hans-Joachim
Crossa, José
Joshi, Arun Kumar
Lodin, Raqib
Sharma, Rajiv Kumar
Singh, Ravi P.
Vargas Hernández, Mateo
author_facet Sharma, Rajiv Kumar
Crossa, José
Ataei, Najibeh
Lodin, Raqib
Joshi, Arun Kumar
Vargas Hernández, Mateo
Braun, Hans-Joachim
Singh, Ravi P.
Bentley, Alison R.
author_sort Sharma, Rajiv Kumar
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an essential food security crop in Afghanistan. To determine the contribution of wheat breeding to increasing productivity, we analyzed data obtained from 192 trials conducted over 11 locations from 2002–2003 to 2015–2016. Using this data, we estimated annual genetic gains for grain yield, days to heading and plant height over the 14-yr period. We used best linear unbiased estimates to measure genetic gains across CIMMYT Elite Spring Wheat Yield Trials per se and for the top 5 and top 10% performing genotypes relative to checks. Mean realized genetic gain for grain yield was 115 kg ha–1 yr−1, whereas the top 10 genotypes achieved annual yield gains of 123 kg ha–1. The continually replaced local check. s also contributed an annual genetic gain for yield of 107 kg ha–1. The associated adaptive traits days to heading and plant height varied in their response over time with the top 10 yielding genotypes having a 1.82 d annual reduction in heading date while plant height increased by 0.77 cm yr−1 for the same set of genotypes. Results show that continual breeding improvements confer yield gains, contributing to increasing Afghan wheat productivity. This has wider relevance for demonstrating the value of continued investment in public sector plant breeding supporting wheat production and food security in Central Asia.
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spelling CGSpace1264262025-11-06T13:04:50Z Plant breeding increases spring wheat yield potential in Afghanistan Sharma, Rajiv Kumar Crossa, José Ataei, Najibeh Lodin, Raqib Joshi, Arun Kumar Vargas Hernández, Mateo Braun, Hans-Joachim Singh, Ravi P. Bentley, Alison R. plant breeding spring wheat yield potential Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an essential food security crop in Afghanistan. To determine the contribution of wheat breeding to increasing productivity, we analyzed data obtained from 192 trials conducted over 11 locations from 2002–2003 to 2015–2016. Using this data, we estimated annual genetic gains for grain yield, days to heading and plant height over the 14-yr period. We used best linear unbiased estimates to measure genetic gains across CIMMYT Elite Spring Wheat Yield Trials per se and for the top 5 and top 10% performing genotypes relative to checks. Mean realized genetic gain for grain yield was 115 kg ha–1 yr−1, whereas the top 10 genotypes achieved annual yield gains of 123 kg ha–1. The continually replaced local check. s also contributed an annual genetic gain for yield of 107 kg ha–1. The associated adaptive traits days to heading and plant height varied in their response over time with the top 10 yielding genotypes having a 1.82 d annual reduction in heading date while plant height increased by 0.77 cm yr−1 for the same set of genotypes. Results show that continual breeding improvements confer yield gains, contributing to increasing Afghan wheat productivity. This has wider relevance for demonstrating the value of continued investment in public sector plant breeding supporting wheat production and food security in Central Asia. 2022-01 2023-01-01T16:03:37Z 2023-01-01T16:03:37Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/126426 en Open Access application/pdf Wiley Sharma, R., Crossa, J., Ataei, N., Lodin, R., Joshi, A. K., Vargas, M., Braun, H. J., Singh, R. P., & Bentley, A. R. (2021). Plant breeding increases spring wheat yield potential in Afghanistan. Crop Science, 62(1), 167–177. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.20653
spellingShingle plant breeding
spring wheat
yield potential
Sharma, Rajiv Kumar
Crossa, José
Ataei, Najibeh
Lodin, Raqib
Joshi, Arun Kumar
Vargas Hernández, Mateo
Braun, Hans-Joachim
Singh, Ravi P.
Bentley, Alison R.
Plant breeding increases spring wheat yield potential in Afghanistan
title Plant breeding increases spring wheat yield potential in Afghanistan
title_full Plant breeding increases spring wheat yield potential in Afghanistan
title_fullStr Plant breeding increases spring wheat yield potential in Afghanistan
title_full_unstemmed Plant breeding increases spring wheat yield potential in Afghanistan
title_short Plant breeding increases spring wheat yield potential in Afghanistan
title_sort plant breeding increases spring wheat yield potential in afghanistan
topic plant breeding
spring wheat
yield potential
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/126426
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