Phenotyping of Urochloa humidicola grass hybrids for agronomic and environmental performance in the Piedmont region of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia

In the low fertility acid soils of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia, Urochloa humidicola cv. Tully or Humidicola is one of the most widely planted tropical forage grasses for improving livestock productivity. Low nutritional quality of this grass limits sustainable livestock production in this re...

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Autores principales: Villegas, Daniel Mauricio, Arévalo, Ashly, Sotelo, Mauricio E., Nuñez, Jonathan, Moreta, Danilo, Rao, Idupulapati M., Ishitani, Manabu, Subbarao, Guntur V., Arango, Jacobo
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Wiley 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/125375
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author Villegas, Daniel Mauricio
Arévalo, Ashly
Sotelo, Mauricio E.
Nuñez, Jonathan
Moreta, Danilo
Rao, Idupulapati M.
Ishitani, Manabu
Subbarao, Guntur V.
Arango, Jacobo
author_browse Arango, Jacobo
Arévalo, Ashly
Ishitani, Manabu
Moreta, Danilo
Nuñez, Jonathan
Rao, Idupulapati M.
Sotelo, Mauricio E.
Subbarao, Guntur V.
Villegas, Daniel Mauricio
author_facet Villegas, Daniel Mauricio
Arévalo, Ashly
Sotelo, Mauricio E.
Nuñez, Jonathan
Moreta, Danilo
Rao, Idupulapati M.
Ishitani, Manabu
Subbarao, Guntur V.
Arango, Jacobo
author_sort Villegas, Daniel Mauricio
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description In the low fertility acid soils of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia, Urochloa humidicola cv. Tully or Humidicola is one of the most widely planted tropical forage grasses for improving livestock productivity. Low nutritional quality of this grass limits sustainable livestock production in this region. In this study, we conducted a phenotypic evaluation under field and greenhouse conditions of one of the first hybrid populations of U. humidicola generated from the forage breeding program of CIAT. Our objective was to identify a set of new hybrids of U. humidicola that combine improved productivity and nutritional quality plus the biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) trait/ability to reduce nitrogen (N) losses via leaching and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. To this end, we tested 118 hybrids (planted in pots) in the greenhouse for over 6 months and measured potential nitrification rates (NR) using soil microcosm incubation. NR values observed ranged from 0.27 to 5.75 mg N-NO3− kg soil−1 day−1. Later, 12 hybrids with different levels of NR were selected and field-tested in the Orinoquia region over a 4 years period (2013–2017) for dry matter production, nutrition quality (crude protein, in vitro digestibility and fibres content) and NR in each year. In the rainy season of 2018, two hybrids with superior agronomic performance and contrasting field level NR (Uh08/1149 and 0450) were subjected to analysis of soil-borne N2O emissions after fertilization during 13 days. The NR values recorded were not directly correlated with the forage quality parameters evaluated, however, the two grasses with the lowest NR values were among those with the highest biomass production, crude protein content, and N uptake. The grass hybrid Uh08/1149 and the germplasm accession CIAT 16888 were found as materials with superior forage value, with production of 14.1 and 14.6 tons dry matter ha−1 year−1 (up to 8% higher than the cv. Tully), crude protein of 11.5 and 9.1% per cut (up to 20% higher than the cv. Tully), and N uptake of 31.6 and 25.7 kg N ha−1 cut−1 (up to 30% higher than the cv. Tully). Additionally, these two grasses are likely to exhibit high-BNI ability, with potential to improve N use efficiency in managed pastures.
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spelling CGSpace1253752025-11-11T17:45:33Z Phenotyping of Urochloa humidicola grass hybrids for agronomic and environmental performance in the Piedmont region of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia Villegas, Daniel Mauricio Arévalo, Ashly Sotelo, Mauricio E. Nuñez, Jonathan Moreta, Danilo Rao, Idupulapati M. Ishitani, Manabu Subbarao, Guntur V. Arango, Jacobo acid soils nitrous oxide nitrification forage plant breeding plant health suelo ácido óxido nitroso nitrificación forrajes urochloa In the low fertility acid soils of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia, Urochloa humidicola cv. Tully or Humidicola is one of the most widely planted tropical forage grasses for improving livestock productivity. Low nutritional quality of this grass limits sustainable livestock production in this region. In this study, we conducted a phenotypic evaluation under field and greenhouse conditions of one of the first hybrid populations of U. humidicola generated from the forage breeding program of CIAT. Our objective was to identify a set of new hybrids of U. humidicola that combine improved productivity and nutritional quality plus the biological nitrification inhibition (BNI) trait/ability to reduce nitrogen (N) losses via leaching and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. To this end, we tested 118 hybrids (planted in pots) in the greenhouse for over 6 months and measured potential nitrification rates (NR) using soil microcosm incubation. NR values observed ranged from 0.27 to 5.75 mg N-NO3− kg soil−1 day−1. Later, 12 hybrids with different levels of NR were selected and field-tested in the Orinoquia region over a 4 years period (2013–2017) for dry matter production, nutrition quality (crude protein, in vitro digestibility and fibres content) and NR in each year. In the rainy season of 2018, two hybrids with superior agronomic performance and contrasting field level NR (Uh08/1149 and 0450) were subjected to analysis of soil-borne N2O emissions after fertilization during 13 days. The NR values recorded were not directly correlated with the forage quality parameters evaluated, however, the two grasses with the lowest NR values were among those with the highest biomass production, crude protein content, and N uptake. The grass hybrid Uh08/1149 and the germplasm accession CIAT 16888 were found as materials with superior forage value, with production of 14.1 and 14.6 tons dry matter ha−1 year−1 (up to 8% higher than the cv. Tully), crude protein of 11.5 and 9.1% per cut (up to 20% higher than the cv. Tully), and N uptake of 31.6 and 25.7 kg N ha−1 cut−1 (up to 30% higher than the cv. Tully). Additionally, these two grasses are likely to exhibit high-BNI ability, with potential to improve N use efficiency in managed pastures. 2023-03 2022-11-08T13:22:44Z 2022-11-08T13:22:44Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/125375 en Open Access application/pdf Wiley Villegas, D.M.; Arévalo, A.; Sotelo, M.; Nuñez, J.; Moreta, D.; Rao, I.; Ishitani, M.; Subbarao, G.V.; Arango, J. (2022) Phenotyping of Urochloa humidicola grass hybrids for agronomic and environmental performance in the Piedmont region of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia. Grass and Forage Science, Online first paper (12 October 2022) 10 p. ISSN: 1365-2494
spellingShingle acid soils
nitrous oxide
nitrification
forage
plant breeding
plant health
suelo ácido
óxido nitroso
nitrificación
forrajes
urochloa
Villegas, Daniel Mauricio
Arévalo, Ashly
Sotelo, Mauricio E.
Nuñez, Jonathan
Moreta, Danilo
Rao, Idupulapati M.
Ishitani, Manabu
Subbarao, Guntur V.
Arango, Jacobo
Phenotyping of Urochloa humidicola grass hybrids for agronomic and environmental performance in the Piedmont region of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia
title Phenotyping of Urochloa humidicola grass hybrids for agronomic and environmental performance in the Piedmont region of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia
title_full Phenotyping of Urochloa humidicola grass hybrids for agronomic and environmental performance in the Piedmont region of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia
title_fullStr Phenotyping of Urochloa humidicola grass hybrids for agronomic and environmental performance in the Piedmont region of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia
title_full_unstemmed Phenotyping of Urochloa humidicola grass hybrids for agronomic and environmental performance in the Piedmont region of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia
title_short Phenotyping of Urochloa humidicola grass hybrids for agronomic and environmental performance in the Piedmont region of the Orinoquian savannas of Colombia
title_sort phenotyping of urochloa humidicola grass hybrids for agronomic and environmental performance in the piedmont region of the orinoquian savannas of colombia
topic acid soils
nitrous oxide
nitrification
forage
plant breeding
plant health
suelo ácido
óxido nitroso
nitrificación
forrajes
urochloa
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/125375
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