Association between infection and nutritional status among infants in a cohort study of vitamin A in western Kenya

BackgroundInfection is associated with impaired nutritional status, especially for infants younger than 5 years. ObjectivesWe assessed the impact of infection indicated by both acute phase proteins (APP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein (AGP), and as reported by maternal reca...

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Autores principales: Grant, F., Wanjala, R., Low, Jan W., Levin, C., Cole, Donald C., Okuku, H.S., Ackatia-Armah, R., Girard, Amy W.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Frontiers Media 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/125049
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author Grant, F.
Wanjala, R.
Low, Jan W.
Levin, C.
Cole, Donald C.
Okuku, H.S.
Ackatia-Armah, R.
Girard, Amy W.
author_browse Ackatia-Armah, R.
Cole, Donald C.
Girard, Amy W.
Grant, F.
Levin, C.
Low, Jan W.
Okuku, H.S.
Wanjala, R.
author_facet Grant, F.
Wanjala, R.
Low, Jan W.
Levin, C.
Cole, Donald C.
Okuku, H.S.
Ackatia-Armah, R.
Girard, Amy W.
author_sort Grant, F.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description BackgroundInfection is associated with impaired nutritional status, especially for infants younger than 5 years. ObjectivesWe assessed the impact of infection indicated by both acute phase proteins (APP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein (AGP), and as reported by maternal recall on the nutritional status of infants. Materials and methodsA total of 505 pregnant women were enrolled in a nested longitudinal cohort study of vitamin A (VA). Data from 385 children are reported here. The incidence and severity of respiratory infection and diarrhea (previous 14 days) were assessed by maternal recall; infant/child feeding practices were collected. Infant weight, recumbent length, and heel-prick capillary blood were taken at 9 months postpartum. Indicators of the VA status [retinol binding protein (RBP)], iron status (Hb, ferritin), and subclinical inflammation APP, CRP (>5 mg/L), and AGP (>1 g/L) were determined. Impacts of infection on the infant nutritional status were estimated using logistic regression models. ResultsInfection prevalence, based on elevated CRP and AGP levels, was 36.7%. For diarrhea reported symptoms, 42.4% of infants at 9 months had no indication of infection as indicated by CRP and AGP; for acute respiratory reported symptoms, 42.6% had no indication of infection. There was a significant positive association with infection among VA-deficient (RBP < 0.83 mu mol/L) infants based on maternal reported symptoms but not with iron deficiency (ferritin < 12 mu g/L). The odds of having infection, based on increased CRP and AGP, in underweight infants was 3.7 times higher (OR: 3.7; 95% CI: 2.3, 4.5; P = 0.019). Infants with iron deficiency were less likely (OR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.1, 0.7; P = 0.001) to have infection based on CRP and AGP, while infants with VA deficiency were five times more likely (OR: 5.06; 95% CI: 3.2, 7.1; P = 0.0001) to have infection. ConclusionAcute phase proteins are more useful in defining infection in a population than reported symptoms of illness. Not controlling for inflammation in a population while assessing the nutritional status might result in inaccurate prevalence estimation.
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spelling CGSpace1250492025-12-08T10:29:22Z Association between infection and nutritional status among infants in a cohort study of vitamin A in western Kenya Grant, F. Wanjala, R. Low, Jan W. Levin, C. Cole, Donald C. Okuku, H.S. Ackatia-Armah, R. Girard, Amy W. inflammation infection vitamin a deficiency iron deficiency chlorosis infants BackgroundInfection is associated with impaired nutritional status, especially for infants younger than 5 years. ObjectivesWe assessed the impact of infection indicated by both acute phase proteins (APP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and alpha-1-acid-glycoprotein (AGP), and as reported by maternal recall on the nutritional status of infants. Materials and methodsA total of 505 pregnant women were enrolled in a nested longitudinal cohort study of vitamin A (VA). Data from 385 children are reported here. The incidence and severity of respiratory infection and diarrhea (previous 14 days) were assessed by maternal recall; infant/child feeding practices were collected. Infant weight, recumbent length, and heel-prick capillary blood were taken at 9 months postpartum. Indicators of the VA status [retinol binding protein (RBP)], iron status (Hb, ferritin), and subclinical inflammation APP, CRP (>5 mg/L), and AGP (>1 g/L) were determined. Impacts of infection on the infant nutritional status were estimated using logistic regression models. ResultsInfection prevalence, based on elevated CRP and AGP levels, was 36.7%. For diarrhea reported symptoms, 42.4% of infants at 9 months had no indication of infection as indicated by CRP and AGP; for acute respiratory reported symptoms, 42.6% had no indication of infection. There was a significant positive association with infection among VA-deficient (RBP < 0.83 mu mol/L) infants based on maternal reported symptoms but not with iron deficiency (ferritin < 12 mu g/L). The odds of having infection, based on increased CRP and AGP, in underweight infants was 3.7 times higher (OR: 3.7; 95% CI: 2.3, 4.5; P = 0.019). Infants with iron deficiency were less likely (OR: 0.40; 95% CI: 0.1, 0.7; P = 0.001) to have infection based on CRP and AGP, while infants with VA deficiency were five times more likely (OR: 5.06; 95% CI: 3.2, 7.1; P = 0.0001) to have infection. ConclusionAcute phase proteins are more useful in defining infection in a population than reported symptoms of illness. Not controlling for inflammation in a population while assessing the nutritional status might result in inaccurate prevalence estimation. 2022-09-23 2022-10-17T23:28:15Z 2022-10-17T23:28:15Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/125049 en Open Access Frontiers Media Grant, F.K.; Wanjala, R.; Low, J.; Levin, C.; Cole D.C.; Okuku, H.S.; Ackatia-Armah, R.; Girard, A.W. 2022 Association between infection and nutritional status among infants in a cohort study of vitamin A in western Kenya. Frontiers in Nutrition. 9. ISSN 2296-861X. 10 p.
spellingShingle inflammation
infection
vitamin a deficiency
iron deficiency chlorosis
infants
Grant, F.
Wanjala, R.
Low, Jan W.
Levin, C.
Cole, Donald C.
Okuku, H.S.
Ackatia-Armah, R.
Girard, Amy W.
Association between infection and nutritional status among infants in a cohort study of vitamin A in western Kenya
title Association between infection and nutritional status among infants in a cohort study of vitamin A in western Kenya
title_full Association between infection and nutritional status among infants in a cohort study of vitamin A in western Kenya
title_fullStr Association between infection and nutritional status among infants in a cohort study of vitamin A in western Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Association between infection and nutritional status among infants in a cohort study of vitamin A in western Kenya
title_short Association between infection and nutritional status among infants in a cohort study of vitamin A in western Kenya
title_sort association between infection and nutritional status among infants in a cohort study of vitamin a in western kenya
topic inflammation
infection
vitamin a deficiency
iron deficiency chlorosis
infants
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/125049
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