Speed breeding in Urochloa humidicola: changes in photoperiod accelerate flowering and increase seed yield

Urochloa humidicola is an economically important tropical forage grass that is being improved through hybridisation techniques to produce genotypes with waterlogging and spittlebug (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) resistance, high nutritional quality and superior agronomic characteristics. Empiric observatio...

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Main Authors: Florián, David, Hernández, Luis Miguel, Espitia, Paula A., Castiblanco, Valheria, Cardoso, Juan Andrés, Jauregui, Rosa
Format: Poster
Language:Inglés
Published: Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/122016
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author Florián, David
Hernández, Luis Miguel
Espitia, Paula A.
Castiblanco, Valheria
Cardoso, Juan Andrés
Jauregui, Rosa
author_browse Cardoso, Juan Andrés
Castiblanco, Valheria
Espitia, Paula A.
Florián, David
Hernández, Luis Miguel
Jauregui, Rosa
author_facet Florián, David
Hernández, Luis Miguel
Espitia, Paula A.
Castiblanco, Valheria
Cardoso, Juan Andrés
Jauregui, Rosa
author_sort Florián, David
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Urochloa humidicola is an economically important tropical forage grass that is being improved through hybridisation techniques to produce genotypes with waterlogging and spittlebug (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) resistance, high nutritional quality and superior agronomic characteristics. Empiric observations suggest that changes in photoperiod and vernalisation induce natural flowering in U. humidicola and, consequently, seed production. Under tropical sunlight conditions, a flowering, and therefore crossing, season occurs every 12 to 16 months. As a result, breeding cycles are long and genetic gain is reduced. Little is known about the effect that changes in photoperiod can have on flowering and seed yield in U. humidicola. Two trials were carried out at the CIAT experimental station in Palmira, Colombia (3°30'07.1"N 76°21'19.0"W) to determine the response of sexual parental lines to different photoperiod treatments. Two light spectra, red and white, were tested in a factorial design with six photoperiod length treatments: 12/12 hours day/night, 14/10 hs d/n, 16/8 hs d/n, 20/4 hs d/n, 23.5/0.5 hs d/n and 24/0 hs d/n in order to develop a functional tool to accelerate the U. humidicola breeding scheme. The first trial carried out during 2019 showed treatments “16/8 hs d/n with white light” and “24/0 hs d/n with red light” as the best to induce flowering, indicated by the increased number of spikes.m-1 and seeds/spike (Tukey HSD, α = 0.05). In the second trial, a factorial design was used to test the two previous successful light/photoperiod treatments over a larger number of genotypes to evaluate the variability in flowering response. The results showed that while red light triggers a faster development of flowering, white light allows for an increase in the number of inflorescences and a higher seed yield. Once established, the optimised methodology will reduce the time between breeding crossing seasons from 12-16 to 8-12 months. The findings of the study suggest that longer photoperiods can be used as a potential speed-breeding tool in U. humidicola breeding programme under tropical conditions.
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publisher Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture
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spelling CGSpace1220162025-12-08T10:29:22Z Speed breeding in Urochloa humidicola: changes in photoperiod accelerate flowering and increase seed yield Florián, David Hernández, Luis Miguel Espitia, Paula A. Castiblanco, Valheria Cardoso, Juan Andrés Jauregui, Rosa flowering seed production speed breeding tropical forages forage floración fotoperiodismo producción de semillas Urochloa humidicola is an economically important tropical forage grass that is being improved through hybridisation techniques to produce genotypes with waterlogging and spittlebug (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) resistance, high nutritional quality and superior agronomic characteristics. Empiric observations suggest that changes in photoperiod and vernalisation induce natural flowering in U. humidicola and, consequently, seed production. Under tropical sunlight conditions, a flowering, and therefore crossing, season occurs every 12 to 16 months. As a result, breeding cycles are long and genetic gain is reduced. Little is known about the effect that changes in photoperiod can have on flowering and seed yield in U. humidicola. Two trials were carried out at the CIAT experimental station in Palmira, Colombia (3°30'07.1"N 76°21'19.0"W) to determine the response of sexual parental lines to different photoperiod treatments. Two light spectra, red and white, were tested in a factorial design with six photoperiod length treatments: 12/12 hours day/night, 14/10 hs d/n, 16/8 hs d/n, 20/4 hs d/n, 23.5/0.5 hs d/n and 24/0 hs d/n in order to develop a functional tool to accelerate the U. humidicola breeding scheme. The first trial carried out during 2019 showed treatments “16/8 hs d/n with white light” and “24/0 hs d/n with red light” as the best to induce flowering, indicated by the increased number of spikes.m-1 and seeds/spike (Tukey HSD, α = 0.05). In the second trial, a factorial design was used to test the two previous successful light/photoperiod treatments over a larger number of genotypes to evaluate the variability in flowering response. The results showed that while red light triggers a faster development of flowering, white light allows for an increase in the number of inflorescences and a higher seed yield. Once established, the optimised methodology will reduce the time between breeding crossing seasons from 12-16 to 8-12 months. The findings of the study suggest that longer photoperiods can be used as a potential speed-breeding tool in U. humidicola breeding programme under tropical conditions. 2022-09-15 2022-10-04T14:17:09Z 2022-10-04T14:17:09Z Poster https://hdl.handle.net/10568/122016 en Open Access application/pdf Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture Florian-Vargas, D.; Hernández, L.M.; Espitia, P.; Castiblanco, V.; Cardoso, J.A.; Jauregui, R. (2022) Speed breeding in Urochloa humidicola: changes in photoperiod accelerate flowering and increase seed yield. Poster prepared for Tropentag 2022 - Can Agroecological Farming Feed the World? Farmers' and Academia's Views. Prague, Czech Republic, 14-16 September 2022. Cali (Colombia): Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT. 1 p.
spellingShingle flowering
seed production
speed breeding
tropical forages
forage
floración
fotoperiodismo
producción de semillas
Florián, David
Hernández, Luis Miguel
Espitia, Paula A.
Castiblanco, Valheria
Cardoso, Juan Andrés
Jauregui, Rosa
Speed breeding in Urochloa humidicola: changes in photoperiod accelerate flowering and increase seed yield
title Speed breeding in Urochloa humidicola: changes in photoperiod accelerate flowering and increase seed yield
title_full Speed breeding in Urochloa humidicola: changes in photoperiod accelerate flowering and increase seed yield
title_fullStr Speed breeding in Urochloa humidicola: changes in photoperiod accelerate flowering and increase seed yield
title_full_unstemmed Speed breeding in Urochloa humidicola: changes in photoperiod accelerate flowering and increase seed yield
title_short Speed breeding in Urochloa humidicola: changes in photoperiod accelerate flowering and increase seed yield
title_sort speed breeding in urochloa humidicola changes in photoperiod accelerate flowering and increase seed yield
topic flowering
seed production
speed breeding
tropical forages
forage
floración
fotoperiodismo
producción de semillas
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/122016
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