Accelerated genetic gains in early-maturing maize hybrids following three periods of genetic enhancement for grain yield under low and high soil-nitrogen environments

Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important staple, as well as cash crop, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, its production is severely constrained by low soil nitrogen (low N). Fifty-four early-maturing hybrids developed during three breeding periods, (2008–2010, 2011–2013 and 2014–2016) were evaluated...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Badu-Apraku, Baffour, Fakorede, M.A.B., Abubakar, M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: MDPI 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/119801
_version_ 1855524940840697856
author Badu-Apraku, Baffour
Fakorede, M.A.B.
Abubakar, M.
author_browse Abubakar, M.
Badu-Apraku, Baffour
Fakorede, M.A.B.
author_facet Badu-Apraku, Baffour
Fakorede, M.A.B.
Abubakar, M.
author_sort Badu-Apraku, Baffour
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important staple, as well as cash crop, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, its production is severely constrained by low soil nitrogen (low N). Fifty-four early-maturing hybrids developed during three breeding periods, (2008–2010, 2011–2013 and 2014–2016) were evaluated under low (30 kg ha−1) and high (120 kg ha−1) soil nitrogen (N) in Ile-Ife and Mokwa, Nigeria, from 2017 to 2019. The study was designed to (i) determine the genetic gains in grain yield of the early-maturing maize hybrids developed during the three breeding periods, (ii) determine the relationship between grain yield and other agronomic traits and (iii) identify the highest-yielding and most stable hybrids under low- and high-N environments. The 54 hybrids were evaluated using a 6 × 9 lattice design with three replications. Mean squares for hybrids were significant for measured traits under low- and high-N environments, except the mean squares for stalk lodging and EPP under low N. Annual genetic gains in grain yield were 75 kg ha−1 year−1 (2.91%) and 55 kg ha−1 year−1 (1.33%) under low- and high-N environments, respectively, indicating that substantial gains were achieved in the genetic enhancement of the early-maturing hybrids. The hybrids TZdEI 314 × TZdEI 105, TZdEI 378 × TZdEI 173, ENT 12 × TZEI 48 and TZdEI 352 × TZdEI 315 were identified as the highest-yielding and most stable across test environments and should be tested extensively on farms and commercialized in SSA.
format Journal Article
id CGSpace119801
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2022
publishDateRange 2022
publishDateSort 2022
publisher MDPI
publisherStr MDPI
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace1198012025-12-08T10:29:22Z Accelerated genetic gains in early-maturing maize hybrids following three periods of genetic enhancement for grain yield under low and high soil-nitrogen environments Badu-Apraku, Baffour Fakorede, M.A.B. Abubakar, M. breeding hybrids genetic gain maize varieties sub-saharan africa Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important staple, as well as cash crop, in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, its production is severely constrained by low soil nitrogen (low N). Fifty-four early-maturing hybrids developed during three breeding periods, (2008–2010, 2011–2013 and 2014–2016) were evaluated under low (30 kg ha−1) and high (120 kg ha−1) soil nitrogen (N) in Ile-Ife and Mokwa, Nigeria, from 2017 to 2019. The study was designed to (i) determine the genetic gains in grain yield of the early-maturing maize hybrids developed during the three breeding periods, (ii) determine the relationship between grain yield and other agronomic traits and (iii) identify the highest-yielding and most stable hybrids under low- and high-N environments. The 54 hybrids were evaluated using a 6 × 9 lattice design with three replications. Mean squares for hybrids were significant for measured traits under low- and high-N environments, except the mean squares for stalk lodging and EPP under low N. Annual genetic gains in grain yield were 75 kg ha−1 year−1 (2.91%) and 55 kg ha−1 year−1 (1.33%) under low- and high-N environments, respectively, indicating that substantial gains were achieved in the genetic enhancement of the early-maturing hybrids. The hybrids TZdEI 314 × TZdEI 105, TZdEI 378 × TZdEI 173, ENT 12 × TZEI 48 and TZdEI 352 × TZdEI 315 were identified as the highest-yielding and most stable across test environments and should be tested extensively on farms and commercialized in SSA. 2022 2022-06-10T08:25:53Z 2022-06-10T08:25:53Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/119801 en Open Access application/pdf MDPI Badu-Apraku, B., Fakorede, M. & Abubakar, M. (2022). Accelerated genetic gains in early-maturing maize hybrids following three periods of genetic enhancement for grain yield under low and high soil-nitrogen environments. Plants, 11(9), 1-16.
spellingShingle breeding
hybrids
genetic gain
maize
varieties
sub-saharan africa
Badu-Apraku, Baffour
Fakorede, M.A.B.
Abubakar, M.
Accelerated genetic gains in early-maturing maize hybrids following three periods of genetic enhancement for grain yield under low and high soil-nitrogen environments
title Accelerated genetic gains in early-maturing maize hybrids following three periods of genetic enhancement for grain yield under low and high soil-nitrogen environments
title_full Accelerated genetic gains in early-maturing maize hybrids following three periods of genetic enhancement for grain yield under low and high soil-nitrogen environments
title_fullStr Accelerated genetic gains in early-maturing maize hybrids following three periods of genetic enhancement for grain yield under low and high soil-nitrogen environments
title_full_unstemmed Accelerated genetic gains in early-maturing maize hybrids following three periods of genetic enhancement for grain yield under low and high soil-nitrogen environments
title_short Accelerated genetic gains in early-maturing maize hybrids following three periods of genetic enhancement for grain yield under low and high soil-nitrogen environments
title_sort accelerated genetic gains in early maturing maize hybrids following three periods of genetic enhancement for grain yield under low and high soil nitrogen environments
topic breeding
hybrids
genetic gain
maize
varieties
sub-saharan africa
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/119801
work_keys_str_mv AT baduaprakubaffour acceleratedgeneticgainsinearlymaturingmaizehybridsfollowingthreeperiodsofgeneticenhancementforgrainyieldunderlowandhighsoilnitrogenenvironments
AT fakoredemab acceleratedgeneticgainsinearlymaturingmaizehybridsfollowingthreeperiodsofgeneticenhancementforgrainyieldunderlowandhighsoilnitrogenenvironments
AT abubakarm acceleratedgeneticgainsinearlymaturingmaizehybridsfollowingthreeperiodsofgeneticenhancementforgrainyieldunderlowandhighsoilnitrogenenvironments