Foliar diseases and the associated fungi in rice cultivated in Kenya
We conducted a survey to assess the occurrence and severity of rice blast and brown spot diseases on popular cultivars grown in the Busia, Kirinyaga, and Kisumu counties of Kenya in 2019. Working with agricultural extension workers within rice production areas, we interviewed farmers (n = 89) regard...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/119606 |
| _version_ | 1855529859101491200 |
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| author | Ng'ang'a, Everlyne M. Kyallo, Martina M. Orwa, P. Rotich, F. Gichuhi, E. Kimani, J.M. Mwongera, D. Waweru, Bernice Sikuku, P. Musyimi, D.M. Mutiga, Samuel K. Ziyomo, Cathrine Murori, R. Wasilwa, L. Correl, J.C. Talbot, N.J. |
| author_browse | Correl, J.C. Gichuhi, E. Kimani, J.M. Kyallo, Martina M. Murori, R. Musyimi, D.M. Mutiga, Samuel K. Mwongera, D. Ng'ang'a, Everlyne M. Orwa, P. Rotich, F. Sikuku, P. Talbot, N.J. Wasilwa, L. Waweru, Bernice Ziyomo, Cathrine |
| author_facet | Ng'ang'a, Everlyne M. Kyallo, Martina M. Orwa, P. Rotich, F. Gichuhi, E. Kimani, J.M. Mwongera, D. Waweru, Bernice Sikuku, P. Musyimi, D.M. Mutiga, Samuel K. Ziyomo, Cathrine Murori, R. Wasilwa, L. Correl, J.C. Talbot, N.J. |
| author_sort | Ng'ang'a, Everlyne M. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | We conducted a survey to assess the occurrence and severity of rice blast and brown spot diseases on popular cultivars grown in the Busia, Kirinyaga, and Kisumu counties of Kenya in 2019. Working with agricultural extension workers within rice production areas, we interviewed farmers (n = 89) regarding their preferred cultivars and their awareness of blast disease, as this was the major focus of our research. We scored the symptoms of blast and brown spot and assessed the lodging, plant height, and maturity of the crops (days after planting). Furthermore, we collected leaf and neck tissues for the assessment of the prevailing fungal populations. We used specific DNA primers to screen for the prevalence of the causal pathogens of blast, Magnaporthe oryzae, and brown spot, Cochliobolus miyabeanus, on asymptomatic and symptomatic leaf samples. We also conducted fungal isolations and PCR-sequencing to identify the fungal species in these tissues. Busia and Kisumu had a higher diversity of cultivars compared to Kirinyaga. The aromatic Pishori (NIBAM 11) was preferred and widely grown for commercial purposes in Kirinyaga, where 86% of Kenyan rice is produced. NIBAM108 (IR2793-80-1) and BW196 (NIBAM 109) were moderately resistant to blast, while NIBAM110 (ITA310) and Vietnam were susceptible. All the cultivars were susceptible to brown spot except for KEH10005 (Arize Tej Gold), a commercial hybrid cultivar. We also identified diverse pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi, with a high incidence of Nigrospora oryzae, in the rice fields of Kirinyaga. There was a marginal correlation between disease severity/incidence and the occurrence of causal pathogens. This study provides evidence of the need to strengthen pathogen surveillance through retraining agricultural extension agents and to breed for blast and brown spot resistance in popular rice cultivars in Kenya. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace119606 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| publisherStr | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1196062025-12-08T10:29:22Z Foliar diseases and the associated fungi in rice cultivated in Kenya Ng'ang'a, Everlyne M. Kyallo, Martina M. Orwa, P. Rotich, F. Gichuhi, E. Kimani, J.M. Mwongera, D. Waweru, Bernice Sikuku, P. Musyimi, D.M. Mutiga, Samuel K. Ziyomo, Cathrine Murori, R. Wasilwa, L. Correl, J.C. Talbot, N.J. rice plant diseases We conducted a survey to assess the occurrence and severity of rice blast and brown spot diseases on popular cultivars grown in the Busia, Kirinyaga, and Kisumu counties of Kenya in 2019. Working with agricultural extension workers within rice production areas, we interviewed farmers (n = 89) regarding their preferred cultivars and their awareness of blast disease, as this was the major focus of our research. We scored the symptoms of blast and brown spot and assessed the lodging, plant height, and maturity of the crops (days after planting). Furthermore, we collected leaf and neck tissues for the assessment of the prevailing fungal populations. We used specific DNA primers to screen for the prevalence of the causal pathogens of blast, Magnaporthe oryzae, and brown spot, Cochliobolus miyabeanus, on asymptomatic and symptomatic leaf samples. We also conducted fungal isolations and PCR-sequencing to identify the fungal species in these tissues. Busia and Kisumu had a higher diversity of cultivars compared to Kirinyaga. The aromatic Pishori (NIBAM 11) was preferred and widely grown for commercial purposes in Kirinyaga, where 86% of Kenyan rice is produced. NIBAM108 (IR2793-80-1) and BW196 (NIBAM 109) were moderately resistant to blast, while NIBAM110 (ITA310) and Vietnam were susceptible. All the cultivars were susceptible to brown spot except for KEH10005 (Arize Tej Gold), a commercial hybrid cultivar. We also identified diverse pathogenic and non-pathogenic fungi, with a high incidence of Nigrospora oryzae, in the rice fields of Kirinyaga. There was a marginal correlation between disease severity/incidence and the occurrence of causal pathogens. This study provides evidence of the need to strengthen pathogen surveillance through retraining agricultural extension agents and to breed for blast and brown spot resistance in popular rice cultivars in Kenya. 2022-05-01 2022-05-20T09:34:03Z 2022-05-20T09:34:03Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/119606 en Open Access MDPI Nganga, E.M., Kyallo, M., Orwa, P., Rotich, F., Gichuhi, E., Kimani, J.M., Mwongera, D., Waweru, B., Sikuku, P., Musyimi, D.M., Mutiga, S.K., Ziyomo, C., Murori, R., Wasilwa, L., Correl, J.C. and Talbot, N.J. 2022. Foliar diseases and the associated fungi in rice cultivated in Kenya. Plants 11(9):1264. |
| spellingShingle | rice plant diseases Ng'ang'a, Everlyne M. Kyallo, Martina M. Orwa, P. Rotich, F. Gichuhi, E. Kimani, J.M. Mwongera, D. Waweru, Bernice Sikuku, P. Musyimi, D.M. Mutiga, Samuel K. Ziyomo, Cathrine Murori, R. Wasilwa, L. Correl, J.C. Talbot, N.J. Foliar diseases and the associated fungi in rice cultivated in Kenya |
| title | Foliar diseases and the associated fungi in rice cultivated in Kenya |
| title_full | Foliar diseases and the associated fungi in rice cultivated in Kenya |
| title_fullStr | Foliar diseases and the associated fungi in rice cultivated in Kenya |
| title_full_unstemmed | Foliar diseases and the associated fungi in rice cultivated in Kenya |
| title_short | Foliar diseases and the associated fungi in rice cultivated in Kenya |
| title_sort | foliar diseases and the associated fungi in rice cultivated in kenya |
| topic | rice plant diseases |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/119606 |
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