Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids

Most of the health benefits derived from cereals are attributed to their bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the levels of the bioactive compounds, and the antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of six pipeline Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids (coded AS182...

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Main Authors: Elemosho, A.O., Irondi, E.A., Alamu, Emmanuel Oladeji, Ajani, E.O., Menkir, A., Maziya-Dixon, Busie
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: MDPI 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/119182
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author Elemosho, A.O.
Irondi, E.A.
Alamu, Emmanuel Oladeji
Ajani, E.O.
Menkir, A.
Maziya-Dixon, Busie
author_browse Ajani, E.O.
Alamu, Emmanuel Oladeji
Elemosho, A.O.
Irondi, E.A.
Maziya-Dixon, Busie
Menkir, A.
author_facet Elemosho, A.O.
Irondi, E.A.
Alamu, Emmanuel Oladeji
Ajani, E.O.
Menkir, A.
Maziya-Dixon, Busie
author_sort Elemosho, A.O.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Most of the health benefits derived from cereals are attributed to their bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the levels of the bioactive compounds, and the antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of six pipeline Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids (coded AS1828-1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11) in vitro. The maize hybrids were grown at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nigeria. The bioactive compounds (total phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, and phytate) levels, antioxidant (DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging capacity and reducing power) and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibitory activities of the maize hybrids were determined by spectrophotometry. At the same time, carotenoids were quantified using a reverse-phase HPLC system. The ranges of the bioactive compounds were: 11.25–14.14 mg GAE/g (total phenolics), 3.62–4.67 mg QE/g (total flavonoids), 3.63–6.29 mg/g (tannins), 3.66–4.31% (phytate), 8.92–12.11 µg/g (total xanthophylls), 2.42–2.89 µg/g (total β-carotene), and 3.17–3.77 µg/g (total provitamin A carotenoids). Extracts of the maize hybrids scavenged DPPH• (SC50: 9.07–26.35 mg/mL) and ABTS•+ (2.65–7.68 TEAC mmol/g), reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ (0.25 ± 0.64–0.43 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g), and inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 ranges of 26.28–52.55 mg/mL and 47.72–63.98 mg/mL, respectively. Among the six clones of the maize hybrids, AS1828-9 had the highest (p < 0.05) levels of tannins and phytate and the strongest antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory activities. Significant correlations were observed between total phenolics and the following: ABTS•+ (p < 0.01, r = 0.757), DPPH• SC50 (p < 0.01, r = −0.867), reducing power (p < 0.05, r = 0.633), α-amylase IC50 (p < 0.01, r = −0.836) and α-glucosidase IC50 (p < 0.05, r = −0.582). Hence, the Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids (especially AS1828-9) may be beneficial for alleviating oxidative stress and postprandial hyperglycemia.
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spelling CGSpace1191822025-11-11T10:30:41Z Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids Elemosho, A.O. Irondi, E.A. Alamu, Emmanuel Oladeji Ajani, E.O. Menkir, A. Maziya-Dixon, Busie maize phenolic flavonoids tannins carotenoids phytic acid alpha glucosidase alpha amylase Most of the health benefits derived from cereals are attributed to their bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the levels of the bioactive compounds, and the antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of six pipeline Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids (coded AS1828-1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11) in vitro. The maize hybrids were grown at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nigeria. The bioactive compounds (total phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, and phytate) levels, antioxidant (DPPH• and ABTS•+ scavenging capacity and reducing power) and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibitory activities of the maize hybrids were determined by spectrophotometry. At the same time, carotenoids were quantified using a reverse-phase HPLC system. The ranges of the bioactive compounds were: 11.25–14.14 mg GAE/g (total phenolics), 3.62–4.67 mg QE/g (total flavonoids), 3.63–6.29 mg/g (tannins), 3.66–4.31% (phytate), 8.92–12.11 µg/g (total xanthophylls), 2.42–2.89 µg/g (total β-carotene), and 3.17–3.77 µg/g (total provitamin A carotenoids). Extracts of the maize hybrids scavenged DPPH• (SC50: 9.07–26.35 mg/mL) and ABTS•+ (2.65–7.68 TEAC mmol/g), reduced Fe3+ to Fe2+ (0.25 ± 0.64–0.43 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g), and inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 ranges of 26.28–52.55 mg/mL and 47.72–63.98 mg/mL, respectively. Among the six clones of the maize hybrids, AS1828-9 had the highest (p < 0.05) levels of tannins and phytate and the strongest antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory activities. Significant correlations were observed between total phenolics and the following: ABTS•+ (p < 0.01, r = 0.757), DPPH• SC50 (p < 0.01, r = −0.867), reducing power (p < 0.05, r = 0.633), α-amylase IC50 (p < 0.01, r = −0.836) and α-glucosidase IC50 (p < 0.05, r = −0.582). Hence, the Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids (especially AS1828-9) may be beneficial for alleviating oxidative stress and postprandial hyperglycemia. 2021 2022-03-30T15:28:48Z 2022-03-30T15:28:48Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/119182 en Open Access application/pdf MDPI Elemosho, A.O., Irondi, E.A., Alamu, E.O., Ajani, E.O., Menkir, A. & Maziya-Dixon, B. (2021). Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids. Molecules, 26(22), 1-13.
spellingShingle maize
phenolic
flavonoids
tannins
carotenoids
phytic acid
alpha glucosidase
alpha amylase
Elemosho, A.O.
Irondi, E.A.
Alamu, Emmanuel Oladeji
Ajani, E.O.
Menkir, A.
Maziya-Dixon, Busie
Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids
title Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids
title_full Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids
title_fullStr Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids
title_full_unstemmed Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids
title_short Antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of Striga-resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids
title_sort antioxidant and starch hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of striga resistant yellow orange maize hybrids
topic maize
phenolic
flavonoids
tannins
carotenoids
phytic acid
alpha glucosidase
alpha amylase
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/119182
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