Epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Taenia solium cysticercosis is the most common cause of acquired epilepsy in pig-raising and pork-consuming parts of Africa, Latin America, and Asia. This review aimed to systematically compile and synthesize data on the epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in the Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA)...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
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Frontiers Media
2022
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| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/118407 |
| _version_ | 1855528585279832064 |
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| author | Gulelat, Y. Eguale, T. Kebede, N. Aleme, H. Fèvre, Eric M. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. |
| author_browse | Aleme, H. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. Eguale, T. Fèvre, Eric M. Gulelat, Y. Kebede, N. |
| author_facet | Gulelat, Y. Eguale, T. Kebede, N. Aleme, H. Fèvre, Eric M. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. |
| author_sort | Gulelat, Y. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Taenia solium cysticercosis is the most common cause of acquired epilepsy in pig-raising and pork-consuming parts of Africa, Latin America, and Asia. This review aimed to systematically compile and synthesize data on the epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in the Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) region. Comprehensive searching strategies were employed to retrieve the studies published or reported between January 1,1997 and March 1, 2021, from Pub Med, Hinari, and Google Scholar databases and search platforms. The identified studies that met the inclusion criteria were then appraised for methodological quality. Finally, 44 studies obtained from nine countries were selected and included in this review. Relevant data were extracted using standardized templates for qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence estimate of porcine cysticercosis in the ESA region was 17% (95% CI: 14–20%). The prevalence level between and within countries showed high variability. The pooled estimate showed high heterogeneity among the reports (the inverse variance index value (I2) of 98.99%, p < 0.05). The meta-analysis sub-grouped by the type of diagnostic test showed the pooled prevalence estimate of 27% (95% CI: 9–50) by carcass dissection; 23% (95% CI: 14–33) by Antibody-based immunodiagnostic techniques; 23% (95% CI: 18-29) by antigen detecting (Ag)-ELISA, 12% (95% CI: 7–18) by meat inspection, and 9% (95% CI: 7-11) by lingual examination. The meta-analysis sub-grouped by region showed a relatively higher pooled prevalence estimate for the Southern region 22% (95% CI: 15–30) compared to 13% (95% CI: 11–15) in the Eastern region. The highest country-based pooled prevalence was obtained from South Africa (33%, 95% CI: 20–48) and Zambia (22%, 95% CI: 16–29), whereas the lowest pooled prevalence was identified in Madagascar (5%, 95% CI: 4-5) and Rwanda (7%, 95% CI: 6–8). The lack of latrine, traditional pig husbandry practices, unprotected water sources, and increase in age were identified as significant risk factors for the occurrence of porcine cysticercosis in the pooled studies. The findings of this review will provide context-specific input to prioritize the possible intervention programs for T. solium control in the ESA region. More sensitive and specific test-based prevalence estimates, detailed risk factor investigations, and financial losses analysis are needed to establish feasible control strategies. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace118407 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
| publishDateSort | 2022 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1184072025-12-08T10:29:22Z Epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis Gulelat, Y. Eguale, T. Kebede, N. Aleme, H. Fèvre, Eric M. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. swine animal diseases cysticercosis zoonoses literature reviews Taenia solium cysticercosis is the most common cause of acquired epilepsy in pig-raising and pork-consuming parts of Africa, Latin America, and Asia. This review aimed to systematically compile and synthesize data on the epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in the Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) region. Comprehensive searching strategies were employed to retrieve the studies published or reported between January 1,1997 and March 1, 2021, from Pub Med, Hinari, and Google Scholar databases and search platforms. The identified studies that met the inclusion criteria were then appraised for methodological quality. Finally, 44 studies obtained from nine countries were selected and included in this review. Relevant data were extracted using standardized templates for qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence estimate of porcine cysticercosis in the ESA region was 17% (95% CI: 14–20%). The prevalence level between and within countries showed high variability. The pooled estimate showed high heterogeneity among the reports (the inverse variance index value (I2) of 98.99%, p < 0.05). The meta-analysis sub-grouped by the type of diagnostic test showed the pooled prevalence estimate of 27% (95% CI: 9–50) by carcass dissection; 23% (95% CI: 14–33) by Antibody-based immunodiagnostic techniques; 23% (95% CI: 18-29) by antigen detecting (Ag)-ELISA, 12% (95% CI: 7–18) by meat inspection, and 9% (95% CI: 7-11) by lingual examination. The meta-analysis sub-grouped by region showed a relatively higher pooled prevalence estimate for the Southern region 22% (95% CI: 15–30) compared to 13% (95% CI: 11–15) in the Eastern region. The highest country-based pooled prevalence was obtained from South Africa (33%, 95% CI: 20–48) and Zambia (22%, 95% CI: 16–29), whereas the lowest pooled prevalence was identified in Madagascar (5%, 95% CI: 4-5) and Rwanda (7%, 95% CI: 6–8). The lack of latrine, traditional pig husbandry practices, unprotected water sources, and increase in age were identified as significant risk factors for the occurrence of porcine cysticercosis in the pooled studies. The findings of this review will provide context-specific input to prioritize the possible intervention programs for T. solium control in the ESA region. More sensitive and specific test-based prevalence estimates, detailed risk factor investigations, and financial losses analysis are needed to establish feasible control strategies. 2022-03-16 2022-03-17T08:24:16Z 2022-03-17T08:24:16Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/118407 en Open Access Frontiers Media Gulelat, Y., Eguale, T., Kebede, N., Aleme, H., Fèvre, E.M. and Cook, E.A.J. 2022. Epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Public Health 10: 836177. |
| spellingShingle | swine animal diseases cysticercosis zoonoses literature reviews Gulelat, Y. Eguale, T. Kebede, N. Aleme, H. Fèvre, Eric M. Cook, Elizabeth A.J. Epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title | Epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in Eastern and Southern Africa: Systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | epidemiology of porcine cysticercosis in eastern and southern africa systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | swine animal diseases cysticercosis zoonoses literature reviews |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/118407 |
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