Spatio-temporal cluster analysis and transmission drivers for peste des petits ruminants in Uganda

Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a transboundary, highly contagious, and fatal disease of small ruminants. PPR causes global annual economic losses of between USD 1.5-2.0 billion across more than 70 affected countries. Despite the commercial availability of effective PPR vaccines, lack of financi...

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Autores principales: Nkamwesiga, Joseph, Korennoy, F., Lumu, P., Nsamba, P., Mwiine, F.N., Roesel, Kristina, Wieland, Barbara, Pérez, A., Kiara, Henry K., Muhanguzi, D.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Hindawi Limited 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/118299
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author Nkamwesiga, Joseph
Korennoy, F.
Lumu, P.
Nsamba, P.
Mwiine, F.N.
Roesel, Kristina
Wieland, Barbara
Pérez, A.
Kiara, Henry K.
Muhanguzi, D.
author_browse Kiara, Henry K.
Korennoy, F.
Lumu, P.
Muhanguzi, D.
Mwiine, F.N.
Nkamwesiga, Joseph
Nsamba, P.
Pérez, A.
Roesel, Kristina
Wieland, Barbara
author_facet Nkamwesiga, Joseph
Korennoy, F.
Lumu, P.
Nsamba, P.
Mwiine, F.N.
Roesel, Kristina
Wieland, Barbara
Pérez, A.
Kiara, Henry K.
Muhanguzi, D.
author_sort Nkamwesiga, Joseph
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a transboundary, highly contagious, and fatal disease of small ruminants. PPR causes global annual economic losses of between USD 1.5-2.0 billion across more than 70 affected countries. Despite the commercial availability of effective PPR vaccines, lack of financial and technical commitment to PPR control coupled with a dearth of refined PPR risk profiling data in different endemic countries has perpetuated PPR virus transmission. In Uganda, over the past five years, PPR has extended from north-eastern Uganda (Karamoja) with sporadic incursions in other districts /regions. To identify disease cluster hotspot trends that would facilitate the design and implementation of PPR risk-based control methods (including vaccination), we employed the space-time cube approach to identify trends in the clustering of outbreaks in neighbouring space-time cells using confirmed PPR outbreak report data (2007-2020). We also used negative binomial and logistic regression models and identified high small ruminant density, extended road length, low annual precipitation and high soil water index as the most important drivers of PPR in Uganda. The study identified (with 90 - 99% confidence) five PPR disease hotspot trend categories across subregions of Uganda. Diminishing hotspots were identified in the Karamoja region whereas consecutive, sporadic, new, and emerging hotspots were identified in central and southwestern districts of Uganda. Inter-district and cross-border small ruminant movement facilitated by longer road stretches and animal comingling precipitate PPR outbreaks as well as PPR virus spread from its initial Karamoja focus to the central and south-western Uganda. There is therefore urgent need to prioritize considerable vaccination coverage to obtain the required herd immunity among small ruminants in the new hotspot areas to block transmission to further emerging hotspots. Findings of this study provide a basis for more robust timing and prioritization of control measures including vaccination.
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language Inglés
publishDate 2022
publishDateRange 2022
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publisherStr Hindawi Limited
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spelling CGSpace1182992024-03-06T10:16:43Z Spatio-temporal cluster analysis and transmission drivers for peste des petits ruminants in Uganda Nkamwesiga, Joseph Korennoy, F. Lumu, P. Nsamba, P. Mwiine, F.N. Roesel, Kristina Wieland, Barbara Pérez, A. Kiara, Henry K. Muhanguzi, D. animal diseases pest of small ruminants disease control small ruminants sheep goats Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a transboundary, highly contagious, and fatal disease of small ruminants. PPR causes global annual economic losses of between USD 1.5-2.0 billion across more than 70 affected countries. Despite the commercial availability of effective PPR vaccines, lack of financial and technical commitment to PPR control coupled with a dearth of refined PPR risk profiling data in different endemic countries has perpetuated PPR virus transmission. In Uganda, over the past five years, PPR has extended from north-eastern Uganda (Karamoja) with sporadic incursions in other districts /regions. To identify disease cluster hotspot trends that would facilitate the design and implementation of PPR risk-based control methods (including vaccination), we employed the space-time cube approach to identify trends in the clustering of outbreaks in neighbouring space-time cells using confirmed PPR outbreak report data (2007-2020). We also used negative binomial and logistic regression models and identified high small ruminant density, extended road length, low annual precipitation and high soil water index as the most important drivers of PPR in Uganda. The study identified (with 90 - 99% confidence) five PPR disease hotspot trend categories across subregions of Uganda. Diminishing hotspots were identified in the Karamoja region whereas consecutive, sporadic, new, and emerging hotspots were identified in central and southwestern districts of Uganda. Inter-district and cross-border small ruminant movement facilitated by longer road stretches and animal comingling precipitate PPR outbreaks as well as PPR virus spread from its initial Karamoja focus to the central and south-western Uganda. There is therefore urgent need to prioritize considerable vaccination coverage to obtain the required herd immunity among small ruminants in the new hotspot areas to block transmission to further emerging hotspots. Findings of this study provide a basis for more robust timing and prioritization of control measures including vaccination. 2022-09 2022-03-02T20:47:56Z 2022-03-02T20:47:56Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/118299 en Open Access Hindawi Limited Nkamwesiga, J., Korennoy, F., Lumu, P., Nsamba, P., Mwiine, F.N., Roesel, K., Wieland, B., Perez, A., Kiara, H. and Muhanguzi, D. 2022. Spatio-temporal cluster analysis and transmission drivers for peste des petits ruminants in Uganda. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 69(5): e1642–e1658.
spellingShingle animal diseases
pest of small ruminants
disease control
small ruminants
sheep
goats
Nkamwesiga, Joseph
Korennoy, F.
Lumu, P.
Nsamba, P.
Mwiine, F.N.
Roesel, Kristina
Wieland, Barbara
Pérez, A.
Kiara, Henry K.
Muhanguzi, D.
Spatio-temporal cluster analysis and transmission drivers for peste des petits ruminants in Uganda
title Spatio-temporal cluster analysis and transmission drivers for peste des petits ruminants in Uganda
title_full Spatio-temporal cluster analysis and transmission drivers for peste des petits ruminants in Uganda
title_fullStr Spatio-temporal cluster analysis and transmission drivers for peste des petits ruminants in Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Spatio-temporal cluster analysis and transmission drivers for peste des petits ruminants in Uganda
title_short Spatio-temporal cluster analysis and transmission drivers for peste des petits ruminants in Uganda
title_sort spatio temporal cluster analysis and transmission drivers for peste des petits ruminants in uganda
topic animal diseases
pest of small ruminants
disease control
small ruminants
sheep
goats
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/118299
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