Oral and gut microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes landscape in health and disease

Inter-individual variability in the microbial gene complement encoding for carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) can profoundly regulate how the host interacts with diverse carbohydrate sources thereby influencing host health. CAZy-typing, characterizing the microbiota-associated CAZyme-coding genes...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Onyango, S.O., Juma, John, Paepe, K. de, Wiele, T. van de
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Frontiers Media 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/117302
_version_ 1855529192650702848
author Onyango, S.O.
Juma, John
Paepe, K. de
Wiele, T. van de
author_browse Juma, John
Onyango, S.O.
Paepe, K. de
Wiele, T. van de
author_facet Onyango, S.O.
Juma, John
Paepe, K. de
Wiele, T. van de
author_sort Onyango, S.O.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Inter-individual variability in the microbial gene complement encoding for carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) can profoundly regulate how the host interacts with diverse carbohydrate sources thereby influencing host health. CAZy-typing, characterizing the microbiota-associated CAZyme-coding genes within a host individual, can be a useful tool to predict carbohydrate pools that the host can metabolize, or identify which CAZyme families are underrepresented requiring supplementation via microbiota transplantation or probiotics. CAZy-typing, moreover, provides a novel framework to search for disease biomarkers. As a proof of concept, we used publicly available metagenomes (935) representing 310 type strain bacterial genomes to establish the link between disease status and CAZymes in the oral and gut microbial ecosystem. The abundance and distribution of 220 recovered CAZyme families in saliva and stool samples from patients with colorectal cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes were compared with healthy subjects. Based on the multivariate discriminant analysis, the disease phenotype did not alter the CAZyme profile suggesting a functional conservation in carbohydrate metabolism in a disease state. When disease and healthy CAZyme profiles were contrasted in differential analysis, CAZyme markers that were underrepresented in type 1 diabetes (15), colorectal cancer (12), and rheumatoid arthritis (5) were identified. Of interest, are the glycosyltransferase which can catalyze the synthesis of glycoconjugates including lipopolysaccharides with the potential to trigger inflammation, a common feature in many diseases. Our analysis has also confirmed the expansive carbohydrate metabolism in the gut as evidenced by the overrepresentation of CAZyme families in the gut compared to the oral site. Nevertheless, each site exhibited specific CAZyme markers. Taken together, our analysis provides an insight into the CAZyme landscape in health and disease and has demonstrated the diversity in carbohydrate metabolism in host-microbiota which can be a sound basis for optimizing the selection of pre, pro, and syn-biotic candidate products.
format Journal Article
id CGSpace117302
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2021
publishDateRange 2021
publishDateSort 2021
publisher Frontiers Media
publisherStr Frontiers Media
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace1173022025-08-15T13:22:14Z Oral and gut microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes landscape in health and disease Onyango, S.O. Juma, John Paepe, K. de Wiele, T. van de health enzymes animal diseases Inter-individual variability in the microbial gene complement encoding for carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) can profoundly regulate how the host interacts with diverse carbohydrate sources thereby influencing host health. CAZy-typing, characterizing the microbiota-associated CAZyme-coding genes within a host individual, can be a useful tool to predict carbohydrate pools that the host can metabolize, or identify which CAZyme families are underrepresented requiring supplementation via microbiota transplantation or probiotics. CAZy-typing, moreover, provides a novel framework to search for disease biomarkers. As a proof of concept, we used publicly available metagenomes (935) representing 310 type strain bacterial genomes to establish the link between disease status and CAZymes in the oral and gut microbial ecosystem. The abundance and distribution of 220 recovered CAZyme families in saliva and stool samples from patients with colorectal cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes were compared with healthy subjects. Based on the multivariate discriminant analysis, the disease phenotype did not alter the CAZyme profile suggesting a functional conservation in carbohydrate metabolism in a disease state. When disease and healthy CAZyme profiles were contrasted in differential analysis, CAZyme markers that were underrepresented in type 1 diabetes (15), colorectal cancer (12), and rheumatoid arthritis (5) were identified. Of interest, are the glycosyltransferase which can catalyze the synthesis of glycoconjugates including lipopolysaccharides with the potential to trigger inflammation, a common feature in many diseases. Our analysis has also confirmed the expansive carbohydrate metabolism in the gut as evidenced by the overrepresentation of CAZyme families in the gut compared to the oral site. Nevertheless, each site exhibited specific CAZyme markers. Taken together, our analysis provides an insight into the CAZyme landscape in health and disease and has demonstrated the diversity in carbohydrate metabolism in host-microbiota which can be a sound basis for optimizing the selection of pre, pro, and syn-biotic candidate products. 2021-12-10 2021-12-30T12:04:23Z 2021-12-30T12:04:23Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/117302 en Open Access Frontiers Media Onyango, S.O., Juma, J., De Paepe, K. and Van de Wiele, T. 2021. Oral and gut microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes landscape in health and disease. Frontiers in Microbiology 12: 653448.
spellingShingle health
enzymes
animal diseases
Onyango, S.O.
Juma, John
Paepe, K. de
Wiele, T. van de
Oral and gut microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes landscape in health and disease
title Oral and gut microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes landscape in health and disease
title_full Oral and gut microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes landscape in health and disease
title_fullStr Oral and gut microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes landscape in health and disease
title_full_unstemmed Oral and gut microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes landscape in health and disease
title_short Oral and gut microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes landscape in health and disease
title_sort oral and gut microbial carbohydrate active enzymes landscape in health and disease
topic health
enzymes
animal diseases
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/117302
work_keys_str_mv AT onyangoso oralandgutmicrobialcarbohydrateactiveenzymeslandscapeinhealthanddisease
AT jumajohn oralandgutmicrobialcarbohydrateactiveenzymeslandscapeinhealthanddisease
AT paepekde oralandgutmicrobialcarbohydrateactiveenzymeslandscapeinhealthanddisease
AT wieletvande oralandgutmicrobialcarbohydrateactiveenzymeslandscapeinhealthanddisease