Has continued exposure to banana Xanthomonas Wilt worsened farmers’ welfare over time? Evidence from banana-producing households in Uganda

The livelihoods of millions of banana-farming households have been affected by Banana Xanthomonas Wilt (BXW) in Uganda for nearly two decades. The disease has no known cure, all banana cultivars grown are susceptible to it and it is endemic in all banana-producing regions in the country. This study...

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Autores principales: Mbabazi, Esther Gloria, Kikulwe, Enoch Mutebi, Kyanjo, Joseph Lule, Mulumba, Nasser, Kato, Edward, Gotor, Elisabetta
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Canadian Center of Science and Education 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115828
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author Mbabazi, Esther Gloria
Kikulwe, Enoch Mutebi
Kyanjo, Joseph Lule
Mulumba, Nasser
Kato, Edward
Gotor, Elisabetta
author_browse Gotor, Elisabetta
Kato, Edward
Kikulwe, Enoch Mutebi
Kyanjo, Joseph Lule
Mbabazi, Esther Gloria
Mulumba, Nasser
author_facet Mbabazi, Esther Gloria
Kikulwe, Enoch Mutebi
Kyanjo, Joseph Lule
Mulumba, Nasser
Kato, Edward
Gotor, Elisabetta
author_sort Mbabazi, Esther Gloria
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description The livelihoods of millions of banana-farming households have been affected by Banana Xanthomonas Wilt (BXW) in Uganda for nearly two decades. The disease has no known cure, all banana cultivars grown are susceptible to it and it is endemic in all banana-producing regions in the country. This study analysed the long-term impact of the disease on the livelihoods of banana-producing households. Using a balanced panel dataset of 1,056 households, which were visited in 2015 and revisited in 2018, provides the opportunity to empirically measure the long-term consequences of the disease on farmers’ economic wellbeing in the four major banana growing regions in Uganda. We find striking results pertinent to disease incidence, success in disease management, household income and poverty when deploying BXW control practices. Although the disease has remained present in farmers’ fields, there is a significant reduction in household poverty levels. Results show that some farmers expanded the production of beans and coffee without encroaching on their banana plantations. Increase in bean production was largely through intercropping. Investment in coffee was constrained by land ownership, hence only a viable venture for the wealthy farmers who own bigger pieces of land. Land-poor farmers continued to rely on bananas for their livelihoods. Consistent participation in disease management training significantly influenced adoption of the cultural control practices. Consequently, farming households that systematically adopted these practices were able to maintain low levels of disease incidence, improve productivity by 438 kg/ha/year and increased their daily and annual household income by US$1.75 and UGX 2.383 million (US$648), respectively. The findings suggest that banana is an important crop to smallholder farmers and expansion into other cash crops requires bigger resource outlays, and that despite continued exposure to BXW, farmers’ income increased over time. Farmers should continuously and systematically use the recommended control practices to avoid BXW resurgence and, consequently, a reduction in their income.
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spelling CGSpace1158282025-11-12T04:46:38Z Has continued exposure to banana Xanthomonas Wilt worsened farmers’ welfare over time? Evidence from banana-producing households in Uganda Mbabazi, Esther Gloria Kikulwe, Enoch Mutebi Kyanjo, Joseph Lule Mulumba, Nasser Kato, Edward Gotor, Elisabetta xanthomonas disease management livelihoods social welfare economic impact farmers household income gestión de la enfermedad medios de vida bienestar social impacto económico banana xanthomonas wilt losses plant disease control poverty bananas farm income intercropping land ownership cultural methods agricultural productivity capacity development The livelihoods of millions of banana-farming households have been affected by Banana Xanthomonas Wilt (BXW) in Uganda for nearly two decades. The disease has no known cure, all banana cultivars grown are susceptible to it and it is endemic in all banana-producing regions in the country. This study analysed the long-term impact of the disease on the livelihoods of banana-producing households. Using a balanced panel dataset of 1,056 households, which were visited in 2015 and revisited in 2018, provides the opportunity to empirically measure the long-term consequences of the disease on farmers’ economic wellbeing in the four major banana growing regions in Uganda. We find striking results pertinent to disease incidence, success in disease management, household income and poverty when deploying BXW control practices. Although the disease has remained present in farmers’ fields, there is a significant reduction in household poverty levels. Results show that some farmers expanded the production of beans and coffee without encroaching on their banana plantations. Increase in bean production was largely through intercropping. Investment in coffee was constrained by land ownership, hence only a viable venture for the wealthy farmers who own bigger pieces of land. Land-poor farmers continued to rely on bananas for their livelihoods. Consistent participation in disease management training significantly influenced adoption of the cultural control practices. Consequently, farming households that systematically adopted these practices were able to maintain low levels of disease incidence, improve productivity by 438 kg/ha/year and increased their daily and annual household income by US$1.75 and UGX 2.383 million (US$648), respectively. The findings suggest that banana is an important crop to smallholder farmers and expansion into other cash crops requires bigger resource outlays, and that despite continued exposure to BXW, farmers’ income increased over time. Farmers should continuously and systematically use the recommended control practices to avoid BXW resurgence and, consequently, a reduction in their income. 2021-10-15 2021-11-04T10:18:04Z 2021-11-04T10:18:04Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115828 en Open Access application/pdf Canadian Center of Science and Education Mbabazi, E.G.; Kikulwe, E.M.; Kyanjo, J.L.; Mulumba, N.; Kato, E.; Gotor, E. (2021) Has continued exposure to banana Xanthomonas Wilt worsened farmers’ welfare over time? Evidence from banana-producing households in Uganda. Journal of Agricultural Science 13(11) p. 11-22. ISSN: 1916-9752
spellingShingle xanthomonas
disease management
livelihoods
social welfare
economic impact
farmers
household income
gestión de la enfermedad
medios de vida
bienestar social
impacto económico
banana xanthomonas wilt
losses
plant disease control
poverty
bananas
farm income
intercropping
land ownership
cultural methods
agricultural productivity
capacity development
Mbabazi, Esther Gloria
Kikulwe, Enoch Mutebi
Kyanjo, Joseph Lule
Mulumba, Nasser
Kato, Edward
Gotor, Elisabetta
Has continued exposure to banana Xanthomonas Wilt worsened farmers’ welfare over time? Evidence from banana-producing households in Uganda
title Has continued exposure to banana Xanthomonas Wilt worsened farmers’ welfare over time? Evidence from banana-producing households in Uganda
title_full Has continued exposure to banana Xanthomonas Wilt worsened farmers’ welfare over time? Evidence from banana-producing households in Uganda
title_fullStr Has continued exposure to banana Xanthomonas Wilt worsened farmers’ welfare over time? Evidence from banana-producing households in Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Has continued exposure to banana Xanthomonas Wilt worsened farmers’ welfare over time? Evidence from banana-producing households in Uganda
title_short Has continued exposure to banana Xanthomonas Wilt worsened farmers’ welfare over time? Evidence from banana-producing households in Uganda
title_sort has continued exposure to banana xanthomonas wilt worsened farmers welfare over time evidence from banana producing households in uganda
topic xanthomonas
disease management
livelihoods
social welfare
economic impact
farmers
household income
gestión de la enfermedad
medios de vida
bienestar social
impacto económico
banana xanthomonas wilt
losses
plant disease control
poverty
bananas
farm income
intercropping
land ownership
cultural methods
agricultural productivity
capacity development
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115828
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