Identification of Guinea grasses with increased nitrate interception

Over application of nitrogen (N)—as urea or manure—to increase yield of forage grasses is a common practice in intensive livestock production systems (e.g., cut and carry systems) in the tropics. Under such systems, excess of N is mostly lost as nitrate through leaching. Minimization of nitrate leac...

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Autores principales: Cardoso Arango, Juan Andrés, Notenbaert, An Maria Omer, Villegas, Daniel Mauricio, Arango, Jacobo, Peters, Michael
Formato: Póster
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115805
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author Cardoso Arango, Juan Andrés
Notenbaert, An Maria Omer
Villegas, Daniel Mauricio
Arango, Jacobo
Peters, Michael
author_browse Arango, Jacobo
Cardoso Arango, Juan Andrés
Notenbaert, An Maria Omer
Peters, Michael
Villegas, Daniel Mauricio
author_facet Cardoso Arango, Juan Andrés
Notenbaert, An Maria Omer
Villegas, Daniel Mauricio
Arango, Jacobo
Peters, Michael
author_sort Cardoso Arango, Juan Andrés
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Over application of nitrogen (N)—as urea or manure—to increase yield of forage grasses is a common practice in intensive livestock production systems (e.g., cut and carry systems) in the tropics. Under such systems, excess of N is mostly lost as nitrate through leaching. Minimization of nitrate leaching has both environmental and economic benefits. Albeit fertilization management can minimize nitrate leaching, this is rarely done. One strategy aimed to mitigate inefficient N management is the identification of forage grasses that intercept more nitrate than the one that is leached. The objective of the present work was therefore to identify Guinea grasses (Megathyrsus maximus)—with similar or superior forage yield—but greater nitrate interception than commercial cultivars (cvv. Mombaça and Tanzania). The work was carried on ten promising accessions of Guinea grasses that were selected from a pool of 126 germplasm accessions obtained from the Genetic Resources Program of the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). A greenhouse study using lysimeters was conducted at CIAT over two periods of 10 weeks each to estimate weekly nitrate losses (by collecting leachate) after fertilization using a rate of 80kg N ha-1 and 160kg N ha-1 (as urea). Plants were irrigated every two days to reach field capacity (plus additional 100ml to be able to collect leachate). Results from these experiments revealed that plants with deeper roots with greater length density (CIAT-16035, CIAT-16044, CIAT-6960) showed less nitrate leached. Since these three accessions showed greater shoot biomass and leaf chlorophyll content, it is likely that nitrate was indeed intercepted and uptaken by roots. Interestingly, one accession (CIAT-6960) inhibits the process of nitrification in soil, a phenomenon that can further improve nitrogen use in intensive livestock production systems. These promising accessions are currently tested under field conditions in Colombia and Kenya.
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spelling CGSpace1158052025-12-08T10:29:22Z Identification of Guinea grasses with increased nitrate interception Cardoso Arango, Juan Andrés Notenbaert, An Maria Omer Villegas, Daniel Mauricio Arango, Jacobo Peters, Michael forage nitrates nitrate assimilation yields forrajes nitratos asimilación de nitratos rendimiento Over application of nitrogen (N)—as urea or manure—to increase yield of forage grasses is a common practice in intensive livestock production systems (e.g., cut and carry systems) in the tropics. Under such systems, excess of N is mostly lost as nitrate through leaching. Minimization of nitrate leaching has both environmental and economic benefits. Albeit fertilization management can minimize nitrate leaching, this is rarely done. One strategy aimed to mitigate inefficient N management is the identification of forage grasses that intercept more nitrate than the one that is leached. The objective of the present work was therefore to identify Guinea grasses (Megathyrsus maximus)—with similar or superior forage yield—but greater nitrate interception than commercial cultivars (cvv. Mombaça and Tanzania). The work was carried on ten promising accessions of Guinea grasses that were selected from a pool of 126 germplasm accessions obtained from the Genetic Resources Program of the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT). A greenhouse study using lysimeters was conducted at CIAT over two periods of 10 weeks each to estimate weekly nitrate losses (by collecting leachate) after fertilization using a rate of 80kg N ha-1 and 160kg N ha-1 (as urea). Plants were irrigated every two days to reach field capacity (plus additional 100ml to be able to collect leachate). Results from these experiments revealed that plants with deeper roots with greater length density (CIAT-16035, CIAT-16044, CIAT-6960) showed less nitrate leached. Since these three accessions showed greater shoot biomass and leaf chlorophyll content, it is likely that nitrate was indeed intercepted and uptaken by roots. Interestingly, one accession (CIAT-6960) inhibits the process of nitrification in soil, a phenomenon that can further improve nitrogen use in intensive livestock production systems. These promising accessions are currently tested under field conditions in Colombia and Kenya. 2021-10-25 2021-11-03T14:41:04Z 2021-11-03T14:41:04Z Poster https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115805 en Open Access application/pdf application/pdf Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture Cardoso, J.A.; Notenbaert, A.; Villegas, D.; Arango, J.; Peters, M. (2021) Identification of Guinea grasses with increased nitrate interception. Poster/Abstract prepared for The International Grassland & International Rangeland Kenya 2021 Virtual Congress, 25-29 October 2021. Cali (Colombia): Alliance of Bioversity and CIAT.
spellingShingle forage
nitrates
nitrate assimilation
yields
forrajes
nitratos
asimilación de nitratos
rendimiento
Cardoso Arango, Juan Andrés
Notenbaert, An Maria Omer
Villegas, Daniel Mauricio
Arango, Jacobo
Peters, Michael
Identification of Guinea grasses with increased nitrate interception
title Identification of Guinea grasses with increased nitrate interception
title_full Identification of Guinea grasses with increased nitrate interception
title_fullStr Identification of Guinea grasses with increased nitrate interception
title_full_unstemmed Identification of Guinea grasses with increased nitrate interception
title_short Identification of Guinea grasses with increased nitrate interception
title_sort identification of guinea grasses with increased nitrate interception
topic forage
nitrates
nitrate assimilation
yields
forrajes
nitratos
asimilación de nitratos
rendimiento
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115805
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AT arangojacobo identificationofguineagrasseswithincreasednitrateinterception
AT petersmichael identificationofguineagrasseswithincreasednitrateinterception