Collection, genotyping and virus elimination of cassava landraces from Tanzania and documentation of farmer knowledge
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) has been a vital staple and food security crop in Tanzania for several centuries, and it is likely that its resilience will play a key role in mitigating livelihood insecurities arising from climate change. The sector is dominated by smallholder farmers growing tr...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115170 |
| _version_ | 1855543300755292160 |
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| author | Ferguson, Morag E. Tumwegamire, Silver Chidzanga, C. Shah, T. Mtunda, K. Kulembeka, H. Kimata, B. Tollano, S. Stephen, M. Mpayo, E. Mohamedi, S. Kasele, S. Palangyo, E. Armachius, J. Ali, A.H. Sichalwe, K. Matondo, D. Masisila, F.F. Matumbo, Z. Kidunda, B. Arati, A.C. Muiruri, R. Munguti, F. Abass, A. Abberton, Michael T. Mkamilo, G. |
| author_browse | Abass, A. Abberton, Michael T. Ali, A.H. Arati, A.C. Armachius, J. Chidzanga, C. Ferguson, Morag E. Kasele, S. Kidunda, B. Kimata, B. Kulembeka, H. Masisila, F.F. Matondo, D. Matumbo, Z. Mkamilo, G. Mohamedi, S. Mpayo, E. Mtunda, K. Muiruri, R. Munguti, F. Palangyo, E. Shah, T. Sichalwe, K. Stephen, M. Tollano, S. Tumwegamire, Silver |
| author_facet | Ferguson, Morag E. Tumwegamire, Silver Chidzanga, C. Shah, T. Mtunda, K. Kulembeka, H. Kimata, B. Tollano, S. Stephen, M. Mpayo, E. Mohamedi, S. Kasele, S. Palangyo, E. Armachius, J. Ali, A.H. Sichalwe, K. Matondo, D. Masisila, F.F. Matumbo, Z. Kidunda, B. Arati, A.C. Muiruri, R. Munguti, F. Abass, A. Abberton, Michael T. Mkamilo, G. |
| author_sort | Ferguson, Morag E. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) has been a vital staple and food security crop in Tanzania for several centuries, and it is likely that its resilience will play a key role in mitigating livelihood insecurities arising from climate change. The sector is dominated by smallholder farmers growing traditional landrace varieties. A recent surge in virus diseases and awareness in the commercial potential of cassava has prompted a drive to disseminate improved varieties in the country. These factors however also threaten the existence of landraces and associated farmer knowledge. It is important that the landraces are conserved and utilized as the adaptive gene complexes they harbor can drive breeding for improved varieties that meet agro-ecological adaptation as well as farmer and consumer needs, thereby improving adoption rates. Here we report on cassava germplasm collection missions and documentation of farmer knowledge in seven zones of Tanzania. A total of 277 unique landraces are identified through high-density genotyping. The large number of landraces is attributable to a mixed clonal/sexual reproductive system in which the soil seed bank and incorporation of seedlings plays an important role. A striking divergence in genetic relationships between the coastal regions and western regions is evident and explained by (i) independent introductions of cassava into the country, (ii) adaptation to prevailing agro-ecological conditions and (iii) farmer selections according to the intended use or market demands. The main uses of cassava with different product profiles are evident, including fresh consumption, flour production, dual purpose incorporating both these uses and longer-term food security. Each of these products have different trait requirements. Individual landraces were not widely distributed across the country with limited farmer-to-farmer diffusion with implications for seed systems. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace115170 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science |
| publisherStr | Public Library of Science |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1151702025-11-11T11:08:16Z Collection, genotyping and virus elimination of cassava landraces from Tanzania and documentation of farmer knowledge Ferguson, Morag E. Tumwegamire, Silver Chidzanga, C. Shah, T. Mtunda, K. Kulembeka, H. Kimata, B. Tollano, S. Stephen, M. Mpayo, E. Mohamedi, S. Kasele, S. Palangyo, E. Armachius, J. Ali, A.H. Sichalwe, K. Matondo, D. Masisila, F.F. Matumbo, Z. Kidunda, B. Arati, A.C. Muiruri, R. Munguti, F. Abass, A. Abberton, Michael T. Mkamilo, G. cassava food security climate change genotypes livelihoods disease control genetic diversity Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) has been a vital staple and food security crop in Tanzania for several centuries, and it is likely that its resilience will play a key role in mitigating livelihood insecurities arising from climate change. The sector is dominated by smallholder farmers growing traditional landrace varieties. A recent surge in virus diseases and awareness in the commercial potential of cassava has prompted a drive to disseminate improved varieties in the country. These factors however also threaten the existence of landraces and associated farmer knowledge. It is important that the landraces are conserved and utilized as the adaptive gene complexes they harbor can drive breeding for improved varieties that meet agro-ecological adaptation as well as farmer and consumer needs, thereby improving adoption rates. Here we report on cassava germplasm collection missions and documentation of farmer knowledge in seven zones of Tanzania. A total of 277 unique landraces are identified through high-density genotyping. The large number of landraces is attributable to a mixed clonal/sexual reproductive system in which the soil seed bank and incorporation of seedlings plays an important role. A striking divergence in genetic relationships between the coastal regions and western regions is evident and explained by (i) independent introductions of cassava into the country, (ii) adaptation to prevailing agro-ecological conditions and (iii) farmer selections according to the intended use or market demands. The main uses of cassava with different product profiles are evident, including fresh consumption, flour production, dual purpose incorporating both these uses and longer-term food security. Each of these products have different trait requirements. Individual landraces were not widely distributed across the country with limited farmer-to-farmer diffusion with implications for seed systems. 2021 2021-09-27T12:30:52Z 2021-09-27T12:30:52Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115170 en Open Access application/pdf Public Library of Science Ferguson, M., Tumwegamire, S., Chidzanga, C., Shah, T., Mtunda, K., Kulembeka, H., ... & Mkamilo, G. (2021). Collection, genotyping and virus elimination of cassava landraces from Tanzania and documentation of farmer knowledge. PloS One, 16(8), e0255326: 1-21. |
| spellingShingle | cassava food security climate change genotypes livelihoods disease control genetic diversity Ferguson, Morag E. Tumwegamire, Silver Chidzanga, C. Shah, T. Mtunda, K. Kulembeka, H. Kimata, B. Tollano, S. Stephen, M. Mpayo, E. Mohamedi, S. Kasele, S. Palangyo, E. Armachius, J. Ali, A.H. Sichalwe, K. Matondo, D. Masisila, F.F. Matumbo, Z. Kidunda, B. Arati, A.C. Muiruri, R. Munguti, F. Abass, A. Abberton, Michael T. Mkamilo, G. Collection, genotyping and virus elimination of cassava landraces from Tanzania and documentation of farmer knowledge |
| title | Collection, genotyping and virus elimination of cassava landraces from Tanzania and documentation of farmer knowledge |
| title_full | Collection, genotyping and virus elimination of cassava landraces from Tanzania and documentation of farmer knowledge |
| title_fullStr | Collection, genotyping and virus elimination of cassava landraces from Tanzania and documentation of farmer knowledge |
| title_full_unstemmed | Collection, genotyping and virus elimination of cassava landraces from Tanzania and documentation of farmer knowledge |
| title_short | Collection, genotyping and virus elimination of cassava landraces from Tanzania and documentation of farmer knowledge |
| title_sort | collection genotyping and virus elimination of cassava landraces from tanzania and documentation of farmer knowledge |
| topic | cassava food security climate change genotypes livelihoods disease control genetic diversity |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115170 |
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