Development of a 3-transcript host expression assay to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections in pigs

Indiscriminate use of antibiotics to treat infections that are of viral origin contributes to unnecessary use which potentially may induce resistance in commensal bacteria. To counteract this a number of host gene transcriptional studies have been conducted to identify genes that are differently exp...

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Autores principales: Hjertner, B., Lützelschwab, C., Schieck, Elise G., Nzau, B., Henson, Sonal P., Sjölund, M., Fossum, C., Magnusson, Ulf
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115151
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author Hjertner, B.
Lützelschwab, C.
Schieck, Elise G.
Nzau, B.
Henson, Sonal P.
Sjölund, M.
Fossum, C.
Magnusson, Ulf
author_browse Fossum, C.
Henson, Sonal P.
Hjertner, B.
Lützelschwab, C.
Magnusson, Ulf
Nzau, B.
Schieck, Elise G.
Sjölund, M.
author_facet Hjertner, B.
Lützelschwab, C.
Schieck, Elise G.
Nzau, B.
Henson, Sonal P.
Sjölund, M.
Fossum, C.
Magnusson, Ulf
author_sort Hjertner, B.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Indiscriminate use of antibiotics to treat infections that are of viral origin contributes to unnecessary use which potentially may induce resistance in commensal bacteria. To counteract this a number of host gene transcriptional studies have been conducted to identify genes that are differently expressed during bacterial and viral infections in humans, and thus could be used as a tool to base decisions on the use of antibiotics. In this paper, we aimed to evaluate the potential of a selection of genes that have been considered biomarkers in humans, to differentially diagnose bacterial from viral infections in the pig. First porcine PBMC were induced with six toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists (FliC, LPS, ODN 2216, Pam3CSK4, poly I:C, R848) to mimic host gene expression induced by bacterial or viral pathogens, or exposed to heat-killed Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae or a split influenza virus. Genes that were differentially expressed between bacterial and viral inducers were further evaluated on clinical material comprising eleven healthy pigs, and six pigs infected with A. pleuropneumoniae. This comprised three virally upregulated genes (IFI44L, MxA, RSAD2) and four bacterially upregulated genes (IL-1β, IL-8, FAM89A, S100PBP). All six infected pigs could be differentially diagnosed to healthy pigs using a host gene transcription assay based on the geometric average of the bacterially induced genes IL-8 and S100PBP over that of the virally induced gene MxA.
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spelling CGSpace1151512025-08-15T13:20:56Z Development of a 3-transcript host expression assay to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections in pigs Hjertner, B. Lützelschwab, C. Schieck, Elise G. Nzau, B. Henson, Sonal P. Sjölund, M. Fossum, C. Magnusson, Ulf swine animal diseases viruses bacteria Indiscriminate use of antibiotics to treat infections that are of viral origin contributes to unnecessary use which potentially may induce resistance in commensal bacteria. To counteract this a number of host gene transcriptional studies have been conducted to identify genes that are differently expressed during bacterial and viral infections in humans, and thus could be used as a tool to base decisions on the use of antibiotics. In this paper, we aimed to evaluate the potential of a selection of genes that have been considered biomarkers in humans, to differentially diagnose bacterial from viral infections in the pig. First porcine PBMC were induced with six toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists (FliC, LPS, ODN 2216, Pam3CSK4, poly I:C, R848) to mimic host gene expression induced by bacterial or viral pathogens, or exposed to heat-killed Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae or a split influenza virus. Genes that were differentially expressed between bacterial and viral inducers were further evaluated on clinical material comprising eleven healthy pigs, and six pigs infected with A. pleuropneumoniae. This comprised three virally upregulated genes (IFI44L, MxA, RSAD2) and four bacterially upregulated genes (IL-1β, IL-8, FAM89A, S100PBP). All six infected pigs could be differentially diagnosed to healthy pigs using a host gene transcription assay based on the geometric average of the bacterially induced genes IL-8 and S100PBP over that of the virally induced gene MxA. 2021-09-23 2021-09-24T11:34:49Z 2021-09-24T11:34:49Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115151 en Open Access Public Library of Science Hjertner, B., Lützelschwab, C., Schieck, E., Nzau, B., Henson, S., Sjölund, M., Fossum, C. and Magnusson, U. 2021. Development of a 3-transcript host expression assay to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections in pigs. PLOS One 16(9): e0256106.
spellingShingle swine
animal diseases
viruses
bacteria
Hjertner, B.
Lützelschwab, C.
Schieck, Elise G.
Nzau, B.
Henson, Sonal P.
Sjölund, M.
Fossum, C.
Magnusson, Ulf
Development of a 3-transcript host expression assay to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections in pigs
title Development of a 3-transcript host expression assay to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections in pigs
title_full Development of a 3-transcript host expression assay to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections in pigs
title_fullStr Development of a 3-transcript host expression assay to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections in pigs
title_full_unstemmed Development of a 3-transcript host expression assay to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections in pigs
title_short Development of a 3-transcript host expression assay to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections in pigs
title_sort development of a 3 transcript host expression assay to differentiate between viral and bacterial infections in pigs
topic swine
animal diseases
viruses
bacteria
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/115151
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