Tropical Montane Forest Conversion Is a Critical Driver for Sediment Supply in East African Catchments

Land use change is known to affect suspended sediment fluxes in headwater catchments. There is however limited empirical evidence of the magnitude of these effects for montane catchments in East Africa. We collected a unique 4-year high-frequency data set and assessed seasonal sediment variation, wa...

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Autores principales: Stenfert Kroese, J., Jacobs, S.R., Tych, W., Breuer, Lutz, Quinton, J.N., Rufino, Mariana C.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: American Geophysical Union 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/114018
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author Stenfert Kroese, J.
Jacobs, S.R.
Tych, W.
Breuer, Lutz
Quinton, J.N.
Rufino, Mariana C.
author_browse Breuer, Lutz
Jacobs, S.R.
Quinton, J.N.
Rufino, Mariana C.
Stenfert Kroese, J.
Tych, W.
author_facet Stenfert Kroese, J.
Jacobs, S.R.
Tych, W.
Breuer, Lutz
Quinton, J.N.
Rufino, Mariana C.
author_sort Stenfert Kroese, J.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Land use change is known to affect suspended sediment fluxes in headwater catchments. There is however limited empirical evidence of the magnitude of these effects for montane catchments in East Africa. We collected a unique 4-year high-frequency data set and assessed seasonal sediment variation, water pathways, and sediment response to hydrology in three catchments under contrasting land use in the Mau Forest Complex, Kenya's largest tropical montane forest. Annual suspended sediment yield was significantly higher in a smallholder agriculture-dominated catchment (131.5 ± 90.6 t km−2 yr−1) than in a tea-tree plantation catchment (42.0 ± 21.0 t km−2 yr−1) and a natural forest catchment (21.5 ± 11.1 t km−2 yr−1) (p < 0.05). Transfer function models showed that in the natural forest and the tea-tree plantations subsurface flow pathways delivered water to the stream, while in the smallholder agriculture shallow subsurface and surface runoff were dominant. There was a delayed sediment response to rainfall for the smallholder agriculture and the tea-tree plantations. A slow depletion in sediment supply suggests that the wider catchment area supplies sediment, especially in the catchment dominated by smallholder farming. In contrast, a fast sediment response and depletion in sediment supply in the natural forest suggests a dominance of temporarily stored and nearby sediment sources. This study shows that the vegetation cover of a forest ecosystem is very effective in conserving soil, whereas catchments with more bare soil and poor soil conservation practices generated six times more suspended sediment yield. Catchment connectivity through unpaved tracks is thought to be the main explanation for the difference in sediment yield.
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spelling CGSpace1140182025-12-08T09:54:28Z Tropical Montane Forest Conversion Is a Critical Driver for Sediment Supply in East African Catchments Stenfert Kroese, J. Jacobs, S.R. Tych, W. Breuer, Lutz Quinton, J.N. Rufino, Mariana C. catchment hydrology watershed management tropical forests agriculture Land use change is known to affect suspended sediment fluxes in headwater catchments. There is however limited empirical evidence of the magnitude of these effects for montane catchments in East Africa. We collected a unique 4-year high-frequency data set and assessed seasonal sediment variation, water pathways, and sediment response to hydrology in three catchments under contrasting land use in the Mau Forest Complex, Kenya's largest tropical montane forest. Annual suspended sediment yield was significantly higher in a smallholder agriculture-dominated catchment (131.5 ± 90.6 t km−2 yr−1) than in a tea-tree plantation catchment (42.0 ± 21.0 t km−2 yr−1) and a natural forest catchment (21.5 ± 11.1 t km−2 yr−1) (p < 0.05). Transfer function models showed that in the natural forest and the tea-tree plantations subsurface flow pathways delivered water to the stream, while in the smallholder agriculture shallow subsurface and surface runoff were dominant. There was a delayed sediment response to rainfall for the smallholder agriculture and the tea-tree plantations. A slow depletion in sediment supply suggests that the wider catchment area supplies sediment, especially in the catchment dominated by smallholder farming. In contrast, a fast sediment response and depletion in sediment supply in the natural forest suggests a dominance of temporarily stored and nearby sediment sources. This study shows that the vegetation cover of a forest ecosystem is very effective in conserving soil, whereas catchments with more bare soil and poor soil conservation practices generated six times more suspended sediment yield. Catchment connectivity through unpaved tracks is thought to be the main explanation for the difference in sediment yield. 2020-10 2021-01-21T01:20:56Z 2021-01-21T01:20:56Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/114018 en Open Access American Geophysical Union Stenfert Kroese, J., Jacobs, S.R., Tych, W., Breuer, L., Quinton, J.N., & Rufino, M.C. 2020. Tropical montane forest conversion is a critical driver for sediment supply in East African catchments. Water Resources Research, 56: e2020WR027495. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR027495
spellingShingle catchment hydrology
watershed management
tropical forests
agriculture
Stenfert Kroese, J.
Jacobs, S.R.
Tych, W.
Breuer, Lutz
Quinton, J.N.
Rufino, Mariana C.
Tropical Montane Forest Conversion Is a Critical Driver for Sediment Supply in East African Catchments
title Tropical Montane Forest Conversion Is a Critical Driver for Sediment Supply in East African Catchments
title_full Tropical Montane Forest Conversion Is a Critical Driver for Sediment Supply in East African Catchments
title_fullStr Tropical Montane Forest Conversion Is a Critical Driver for Sediment Supply in East African Catchments
title_full_unstemmed Tropical Montane Forest Conversion Is a Critical Driver for Sediment Supply in East African Catchments
title_short Tropical Montane Forest Conversion Is a Critical Driver for Sediment Supply in East African Catchments
title_sort tropical montane forest conversion is a critical driver for sediment supply in east african catchments
topic catchment hydrology
watershed management
tropical forests
agriculture
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/114018
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