Genetic diversity and population structure of early and extra-early maturing maize germplasm adapted to sub-Saharan Africa
Background Assessment and effective utilization of genetic diversity in breeding programs is crucial for sustainable genetic improvement and rapid adaptation to changing breeding objectives. During the past two decades, the commercialization of the early and extra-early maturing cultivars has contr...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Springer
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/113879 |
| _version_ | 1855515955836223488 |
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| author | Badu-Apraku, Baffour Garcia-Oliveira, A.L. Petroli, C.D. Hearne, S. Adewale, Samuel A. Gedil, Melaku A |
| author_browse | Adewale, Samuel A. Badu-Apraku, Baffour Garcia-Oliveira, A.L. Gedil, Melaku A Hearne, S. Petroli, C.D. |
| author_facet | Badu-Apraku, Baffour Garcia-Oliveira, A.L. Petroli, C.D. Hearne, S. Adewale, Samuel A. Gedil, Melaku A |
| author_sort | Badu-Apraku, Baffour |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Background
Assessment and effective utilization of genetic diversity in breeding programs is crucial for sustainable genetic improvement and rapid adaptation to changing breeding objectives. During the past two decades, the commercialization of the early and extra-early maturing cultivars has contributed to rapid expansion of maize into different agro-ecologies of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where maize has become an important component of the agricultural economy and played a vital role in food and nutritional security. The present study aimed at understanding the population structure and genetic variability among 439 early and extra-early maize inbred lines developed from three narrow-based and twenty-seven broad-based populations by the International Iinstitute of Tropical Agriculture Maize Improvement Program (IITA-MIP). These inbreds were genotyped using 9642 DArTseq-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers distributed uniformly throughout the maize genome.
Results
About 40.8% SNP markers were found highly informative and exhibited polymorphic information content (PIC) greater than 0.25. The minor allele frequency and PIC ranged from 0.015 to 0.500 and 0.029 to 0.375, respectively. The STRUCTURE, neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) grouped the inbred lines into four major classes generally consistent with the selection history, ancestry and kernel colour of the inbreds but indicated a complex pattern of the genetic structure. The pattern of grouping of the lines based on the STRUCTURE analysis was in concordance with the results of the PCoA and suggested greater number of sub-populations (K = 10). Generally, the classification of the inbred lines into heterotic groups based on SNP markers was reasonably reliable and in agreement with defined heterotic groups of previously identified testers based on combining ability studies.
Conclusions
Complete understanding of potential heterotic groups would be difficult to portray by depending solely on molecular markers. Therefore, planned crosses involving representative testers from opposing heterotic groups would be required to refine the existing heterotic groups. It is anticipated that the present set of inbreds could contribute new beneficial alleles for population improvement, development of hybrids and lines with potential to strengthen future breeding programs. Results of this study would help breeders in formulating breeding strategies for genetic enhancement and sustainable maize production in SSA. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace113879 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2021 |
| publishDateRange | 2021 |
| publishDateSort | 2021 |
| publisher | Springer |
| publisherStr | Springer |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1138792025-11-11T10:04:14Z Genetic diversity and population structure of early and extra-early maturing maize germplasm adapted to sub-Saharan Africa Badu-Apraku, Baffour Garcia-Oliveira, A.L. Petroli, C.D. Hearne, S. Adewale, Samuel A. Gedil, Melaku A maize zea mays genetics population structures subsaharan africa genetic diversity (as resource) dna Background Assessment and effective utilization of genetic diversity in breeding programs is crucial for sustainable genetic improvement and rapid adaptation to changing breeding objectives. During the past two decades, the commercialization of the early and extra-early maturing cultivars has contributed to rapid expansion of maize into different agro-ecologies of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where maize has become an important component of the agricultural economy and played a vital role in food and nutritional security. The present study aimed at understanding the population structure and genetic variability among 439 early and extra-early maize inbred lines developed from three narrow-based and twenty-seven broad-based populations by the International Iinstitute of Tropical Agriculture Maize Improvement Program (IITA-MIP). These inbreds were genotyped using 9642 DArTseq-based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers distributed uniformly throughout the maize genome. Results About 40.8% SNP markers were found highly informative and exhibited polymorphic information content (PIC) greater than 0.25. The minor allele frequency and PIC ranged from 0.015 to 0.500 and 0.029 to 0.375, respectively. The STRUCTURE, neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) grouped the inbred lines into four major classes generally consistent with the selection history, ancestry and kernel colour of the inbreds but indicated a complex pattern of the genetic structure. The pattern of grouping of the lines based on the STRUCTURE analysis was in concordance with the results of the PCoA and suggested greater number of sub-populations (K = 10). Generally, the classification of the inbred lines into heterotic groups based on SNP markers was reasonably reliable and in agreement with defined heterotic groups of previously identified testers based on combining ability studies. Conclusions Complete understanding of potential heterotic groups would be difficult to portray by depending solely on molecular markers. Therefore, planned crosses involving representative testers from opposing heterotic groups would be required to refine the existing heterotic groups. It is anticipated that the present set of inbreds could contribute new beneficial alleles for population improvement, development of hybrids and lines with potential to strengthen future breeding programs. Results of this study would help breeders in formulating breeding strategies for genetic enhancement and sustainable maize production in SSA. 2021 2021-06-07T15:31:30Z 2021-06-07T15:31:30Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/113879 en Open Access application/pdf Springer Badu-Apraku, B., Garcia-Oliveira, A.L., Petroli, C.D., Hearne, S., Adewale, S.A. & Gedil, M. (2021). Genetic diversity and population structure of early and extra-early maturing maize germplasm adapted to sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Plant Biology, 21(1), 1-15. |
| spellingShingle | maize zea mays genetics population structures subsaharan africa genetic diversity (as resource) dna Badu-Apraku, Baffour Garcia-Oliveira, A.L. Petroli, C.D. Hearne, S. Adewale, Samuel A. Gedil, Melaku A Genetic diversity and population structure of early and extra-early maturing maize germplasm adapted to sub-Saharan Africa |
| title | Genetic diversity and population structure of early and extra-early maturing maize germplasm adapted to sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_full | Genetic diversity and population structure of early and extra-early maturing maize germplasm adapted to sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_fullStr | Genetic diversity and population structure of early and extra-early maturing maize germplasm adapted to sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genetic diversity and population structure of early and extra-early maturing maize germplasm adapted to sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_short | Genetic diversity and population structure of early and extra-early maturing maize germplasm adapted to sub-Saharan Africa |
| title_sort | genetic diversity and population structure of early and extra early maturing maize germplasm adapted to sub saharan africa |
| topic | maize zea mays genetics population structures subsaharan africa genetic diversity (as resource) dna |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/113879 |
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