Pathogenicity of an African swine fever virus strain isolated in Vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection

Background African swine fever (ASF), caused by the ASF virus (ASFV), was first reported in Vietnam in 2019 and spread rapidly thereafter. Better insights into ASFV characteristics and early detection by surveillance could help control its spread. However, the pathogenicity and methods for early det...

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Main Authors: Hu Suk Lee, Vuong Nghia Bui, Duy Tung Dao, Ngoc Anh Bui, Thanh Duy Le, Minh Anh Kieu, Quang Huy Nguyen, Long Hoang Tran, Jae-Hee Roh, Kyoung-Min So, Tai-Young Hur, Sang-Ik Oh
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Springer 2021
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/113628
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author Hu Suk Lee
Vuong Nghia Bui
Duy Tung Dao
Ngoc Anh Bui
Thanh Duy Le
Minh Anh Kieu
Quang Huy Nguyen
Long Hoang Tran
Jae-Hee Roh
Kyoung-Min So
Tai-Young Hur
Sang-Ik Oh
author_browse Duy Tung Dao
Hu Suk Lee
Jae-Hee Roh
Kyoung-Min So
Long Hoang Tran
Minh Anh Kieu
Ngoc Anh Bui
Quang Huy Nguyen
Sang-Ik Oh
Tai-Young Hur
Thanh Duy Le
Vuong Nghia Bui
author_facet Hu Suk Lee
Vuong Nghia Bui
Duy Tung Dao
Ngoc Anh Bui
Thanh Duy Le
Minh Anh Kieu
Quang Huy Nguyen
Long Hoang Tran
Jae-Hee Roh
Kyoung-Min So
Tai-Young Hur
Sang-Ik Oh
author_sort Hu Suk Lee
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Background African swine fever (ASF), caused by the ASF virus (ASFV), was first reported in Vietnam in 2019 and spread rapidly thereafter. Better insights into ASFV characteristics and early detection by surveillance could help control its spread. However, the pathogenicity and methods for early detection of ASFV isolates from Vietnam have not been established. Therefore, we investigated the pathogenicity of ASFV and explored alternative sampling methods for early detection. Results Ten pigs were intramuscularly inoculated with an ASFV strain from Vietnam (titer, 103.5 HAD50/mL), and their temperature, clinical signs, and virus excretion patterns were recorded. In addition, herd and environmental samples were collected daily. The pigs died 5–8 days-post-inoculation (dpi), and the incubation period was 3.7 ± 0.5 dpi. ASFV genome was first detected in the blood (2.2 ± 0.8) and then in rectal (3.1 ± 0.7), nasal (3.2 ± 0.4), and oral (3.6 ± 0.7 dpi) swab samples. ASFV was detected in oral fluid samples collected using a chewed rope from 3 dpi. The liver showed the highest viral loads, and ear tissue also exhibited high viral loads among 11 tissues obtained from dead pigs. Overall, ASFV from Vietnam was classified as peracute to acute form. The rope-based oral fluid collection method could be useful for early ASFV detection and allows successful ASF surveillance in large pig farms. Furthermore, ear tissue samples might be a simple alternative specimen for diagnosing ASF infection in dead pigs. Conclusions Our data provide valuable insights into the characteristics of a typical ASFV strain isolated in Vietnam and suggest an alternative, non-invasive specimen collection strategy for early detection.
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spelling CGSpace1136282025-08-15T13:22:48Z Pathogenicity of an African swine fever virus strain isolated in Vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection Hu Suk Lee Vuong Nghia Bui Duy Tung Dao Ngoc Anh Bui Thanh Duy Le Minh Anh Kieu Quang Huy Nguyen Long Hoang Tran Jae-Hee Roh Kyoung-Min So Tai-Young Hur Sang-Ik Oh african swine fever virus diagnosis Background African swine fever (ASF), caused by the ASF virus (ASFV), was first reported in Vietnam in 2019 and spread rapidly thereafter. Better insights into ASFV characteristics and early detection by surveillance could help control its spread. However, the pathogenicity and methods for early detection of ASFV isolates from Vietnam have not been established. Therefore, we investigated the pathogenicity of ASFV and explored alternative sampling methods for early detection. Results Ten pigs were intramuscularly inoculated with an ASFV strain from Vietnam (titer, 103.5 HAD50/mL), and their temperature, clinical signs, and virus excretion patterns were recorded. In addition, herd and environmental samples were collected daily. The pigs died 5–8 days-post-inoculation (dpi), and the incubation period was 3.7 ± 0.5 dpi. ASFV genome was first detected in the blood (2.2 ± 0.8) and then in rectal (3.1 ± 0.7), nasal (3.2 ± 0.4), and oral (3.6 ± 0.7 dpi) swab samples. ASFV was detected in oral fluid samples collected using a chewed rope from 3 dpi. The liver showed the highest viral loads, and ear tissue also exhibited high viral loads among 11 tissues obtained from dead pigs. Overall, ASFV from Vietnam was classified as peracute to acute form. The rope-based oral fluid collection method could be useful for early ASFV detection and allows successful ASF surveillance in large pig farms. Furthermore, ear tissue samples might be a simple alternative specimen for diagnosing ASF infection in dead pigs. Conclusions Our data provide valuable insights into the characteristics of a typical ASFV strain isolated in Vietnam and suggest an alternative, non-invasive specimen collection strategy for early detection. 2021-12 2021-05-04T09:31:00Z 2021-05-04T09:31:00Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/113628 en Open Access Springer Hu Suk Lee, Vuong Nghia Bui, Duy Tung Dao, Ngoc Anh Bui, Thanh Duy Le, Minh Anh Kieu, Quang Huy Nguyen, Long Hoang Tran, Jae-Hee Roh, Kyoung-Min So, Tai-Young Hur and Sang-Ik Oh. 2021. Pathogenicity of an African swine fever virus strain isolated in Vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection. Porcine Health Management 7: 36.
spellingShingle african swine fever virus
diagnosis
Hu Suk Lee
Vuong Nghia Bui
Duy Tung Dao
Ngoc Anh Bui
Thanh Duy Le
Minh Anh Kieu
Quang Huy Nguyen
Long Hoang Tran
Jae-Hee Roh
Kyoung-Min So
Tai-Young Hur
Sang-Ik Oh
Pathogenicity of an African swine fever virus strain isolated in Vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection
title Pathogenicity of an African swine fever virus strain isolated in Vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection
title_full Pathogenicity of an African swine fever virus strain isolated in Vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection
title_fullStr Pathogenicity of an African swine fever virus strain isolated in Vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection
title_full_unstemmed Pathogenicity of an African swine fever virus strain isolated in Vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection
title_short Pathogenicity of an African swine fever virus strain isolated in Vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection
title_sort pathogenicity of an african swine fever virus strain isolated in vietnam and alternative diagnostic specimens for early detection of viral infection
topic african swine fever virus
diagnosis
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/113628
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