Genetic diversity and population structure of Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) ecotypes from Uganda

Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) grass is an important tropical forage of African origin that supports millions of livestock and wildlife in the tropics. Overgrazing, conversion of grasslands for crop production and non-agricultural uses, and the introduction of improved forages have threatened the natura...

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Autores principales: Namazzi, C., Sserumaga, J.P., Mugerwa, S., Kyallo, Martina M., Mutai Collins, K., Mwesigwa, R., Djikeng, Appolinaire, Ghimire, Sita R.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/109551
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author Namazzi, C.
Sserumaga, J.P.
Mugerwa, S.
Kyallo, Martina M.
Mutai Collins, K.
Mwesigwa, R.
Djikeng, Appolinaire
Ghimire, Sita R.
author_browse Djikeng, Appolinaire
Ghimire, Sita R.
Kyallo, Martina M.
Mugerwa, S.
Mutai Collins, K.
Mwesigwa, R.
Namazzi, C.
Sserumaga, J.P.
author_facet Namazzi, C.
Sserumaga, J.P.
Mugerwa, S.
Kyallo, Martina M.
Mutai Collins, K.
Mwesigwa, R.
Djikeng, Appolinaire
Ghimire, Sita R.
author_sort Namazzi, C.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) grass is an important tropical forage of African origin that supports millions of livestock and wildlife in the tropics. Overgrazing, conversion of grasslands for crop production and non-agricultural uses, and the introduction of improved forages have threatened the natural diversity of Brachiaria grass in Uganda. This study established a national collection of Brachiaria ecotypes in Uganda and analyzed them for genetic diversity and population structure using 24 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. These markers had a high discriminating ability with an average polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.89 and detected 584 alleles in 99 ecotypes. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a high within populations variance (98%) indicating a high gene exchange or low genetic differentiation (PhiPT = 00.016) among the ecotype populations. The Bayesian model based clustering algorithm showed three allelic pools in Ugandan ecotypes. The principal component analysis (PCA) of ecotypes, and Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree of ecotypes and six commercial cultivars showed three main groups with variable membership coefficients. About 95% of ecotype pairs had Rogers’ genetic distance above 0.75, suggesting most of them were distantly related. This study confirms the high value of these ecotypes in Brachiaria grass conservation and improvement programs in Uganda and elsewhere.
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spelling CGSpace1095512024-03-06T10:16:43Z Genetic diversity and population structure of Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) ecotypes from Uganda Namazzi, C. Sserumaga, J.P. Mugerwa, S. Kyallo, Martina M. Mutai Collins, K. Mwesigwa, R. Djikeng, Appolinaire Ghimire, Sita R. brachiaria urochloa ecotypes mixed farming forage grasses Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) grass is an important tropical forage of African origin that supports millions of livestock and wildlife in the tropics. Overgrazing, conversion of grasslands for crop production and non-agricultural uses, and the introduction of improved forages have threatened the natural diversity of Brachiaria grass in Uganda. This study established a national collection of Brachiaria ecotypes in Uganda and analyzed them for genetic diversity and population structure using 24 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers. These markers had a high discriminating ability with an average polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.89 and detected 584 alleles in 99 ecotypes. Analysis of molecular variance revealed a high within populations variance (98%) indicating a high gene exchange or low genetic differentiation (PhiPT = 00.016) among the ecotype populations. The Bayesian model based clustering algorithm showed three allelic pools in Ugandan ecotypes. The principal component analysis (PCA) of ecotypes, and Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree of ecotypes and six commercial cultivars showed three main groups with variable membership coefficients. About 95% of ecotype pairs had Rogers’ genetic distance above 0.75, suggesting most of them were distantly related. This study confirms the high value of these ecotypes in Brachiaria grass conservation and improvement programs in Uganda and elsewhere. 2020-08-14 2020-09-21T11:42:02Z 2020-09-21T11:42:02Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/109551 en Open Access MDPI Namazzi, C., Sserumaga, J.P., Mugerwa, S., Kyalo, M., Mutai, C., Mwesigwa, R., Djikeng, A. and Ghimire, S. 2020. Genetic diversity and population structure of Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) ecotypes from Uganda. Agronomy 10(8):1193.
spellingShingle brachiaria
urochloa
ecotypes
mixed farming
forage
grasses
Namazzi, C.
Sserumaga, J.P.
Mugerwa, S.
Kyallo, Martina M.
Mutai Collins, K.
Mwesigwa, R.
Djikeng, Appolinaire
Ghimire, Sita R.
Genetic diversity and population structure of Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) ecotypes from Uganda
title Genetic diversity and population structure of Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) ecotypes from Uganda
title_full Genetic diversity and population structure of Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) ecotypes from Uganda
title_fullStr Genetic diversity and population structure of Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) ecotypes from Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Genetic diversity and population structure of Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) ecotypes from Uganda
title_short Genetic diversity and population structure of Brachiaria (syn. Urochloa) ecotypes from Uganda
title_sort genetic diversity and population structure of brachiaria syn urochloa ecotypes from uganda
topic brachiaria
urochloa
ecotypes
mixed farming
forage
grasses
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/109551
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