Cardiac and skeletal muscle transcriptome response to heat stress in Kenyan chicken ecotypes adapted to low and high altitudes reveal differences in thermal tolerance and stress response

Heat stress (HS) negatively affects chicken performance. Agricultural expansion will happen in regions that experience high ambient temperatures, where fast-growing commercial chickens are vulnerable. Indigenous chickens of such regions, due to generations of exposure to environmental challenges, mi...

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Autores principales: Srikanth, K., Kumar, H., Park, W., Byun, M., Lim, D., Kemp, Stephen J., Te Pas, M.F.W., Kim, J.-M., Park, Jong-Eun
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Frontiers Media 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/106336
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author Srikanth, K.
Kumar, H.
Park, W.
Byun, M.
Lim, D.
Kemp, Stephen J.
Te Pas, M.F.W.
Kim, J.-M.
Park, Jong-Eun
author_browse Byun, M.
Kemp, Stephen J.
Kim, J.-M.
Kumar, H.
Lim, D.
Park, Jong-Eun
Park, W.
Srikanth, K.
Te Pas, M.F.W.
author_facet Srikanth, K.
Kumar, H.
Park, W.
Byun, M.
Lim, D.
Kemp, Stephen J.
Te Pas, M.F.W.
Kim, J.-M.
Park, Jong-Eun
author_sort Srikanth, K.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Heat stress (HS) negatively affects chicken performance. Agricultural expansion will happen in regions that experience high ambient temperatures, where fast-growing commercial chickens are vulnerable. Indigenous chickens of such regions, due to generations of exposure to environmental challenges, might have higher thermal tolerance. In this study, two indigenous chicken ecotypes, from the hot and humid Mombasa (lowland) and the colder Naivasha (highland) regions, were used to investigate the effects of acute (5 h, 35°C) and chronic (3 days of 35°C for 8 h/day) HS on the cardiac and skeletal muscle, through RNA sequencing. The rectal temperature gain and the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) [False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.05] were two times higher in the acute stage than in the chronic stage in both ecotypes, suggesting that cyclic exposure to HS can lead to adaptation. A tissue- and stage-specific difference in response to HS was observed, with peroxisome proliferator-activated-receptor (PPAR) signaling and mitogen-activate protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, enriched in heart and skeletal muscle, respectively, and the p53 pathway enriched only in the acute stage in both tissues. The acute and chronic stage DEGs were integrated by a region-specific gene coexpression network (GCN), and genes with the highest number of connections (hub genes) were identified. The hub genes in the lowland network were CCNB2, Crb2, CHST9, SESN1, and NR4A3, while COMMD4, TTC32, H1F0, ACYP1, and RPS28 were the hub genes in the highland network. Pathway analysis of genes in the GCN showed that p53 and PPAR signaling pathways were enriched in both low and highland networks, while MAPK signaling and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum were enriched only in the gene network of highland chickens. This shows that to dissipate the accumulated heat, to reduce heat induced apoptosis, and to promote DNA damage repair, the ecotypes activated or suppressed different genes, indicating the differences in thermal tolerance and HS response mechanisms between the ecotypes. This study provides information on the HS response of chickens, adapted to two different agro climatic environments, extending our understanding of the mechanisms of HS response and the effect of adaptation in counteracting HS.
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spelling CGSpace1063362025-10-27T10:27:36Z Cardiac and skeletal muscle transcriptome response to heat stress in Kenyan chicken ecotypes adapted to low and high altitudes reveal differences in thermal tolerance and stress response Srikanth, K. Kumar, H. Park, W. Byun, M. Lim, D. Kemp, Stephen J. Te Pas, M.F.W. Kim, J.-M. Park, Jong-Eun animal breeding chickens poultry indigenous breeds genetics Heat stress (HS) negatively affects chicken performance. Agricultural expansion will happen in regions that experience high ambient temperatures, where fast-growing commercial chickens are vulnerable. Indigenous chickens of such regions, due to generations of exposure to environmental challenges, might have higher thermal tolerance. In this study, two indigenous chicken ecotypes, from the hot and humid Mombasa (lowland) and the colder Naivasha (highland) regions, were used to investigate the effects of acute (5 h, 35°C) and chronic (3 days of 35°C for 8 h/day) HS on the cardiac and skeletal muscle, through RNA sequencing. The rectal temperature gain and the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) [False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.05] were two times higher in the acute stage than in the chronic stage in both ecotypes, suggesting that cyclic exposure to HS can lead to adaptation. A tissue- and stage-specific difference in response to HS was observed, with peroxisome proliferator-activated-receptor (PPAR) signaling and mitogen-activate protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, enriched in heart and skeletal muscle, respectively, and the p53 pathway enriched only in the acute stage in both tissues. The acute and chronic stage DEGs were integrated by a region-specific gene coexpression network (GCN), and genes with the highest number of connections (hub genes) were identified. The hub genes in the lowland network were CCNB2, Crb2, CHST9, SESN1, and NR4A3, while COMMD4, TTC32, H1F0, ACYP1, and RPS28 were the hub genes in the highland network. Pathway analysis of genes in the GCN showed that p53 and PPAR signaling pathways were enriched in both low and highland networks, while MAPK signaling and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum were enriched only in the gene network of highland chickens. This shows that to dissipate the accumulated heat, to reduce heat induced apoptosis, and to promote DNA damage repair, the ecotypes activated or suppressed different genes, indicating the differences in thermal tolerance and HS response mechanisms between the ecotypes. This study provides information on the HS response of chickens, adapted to two different agro climatic environments, extending our understanding of the mechanisms of HS response and the effect of adaptation in counteracting HS. 2019-10-11 2019-12-26T08:51:41Z 2019-12-26T08:51:41Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/106336 en Open Access Frontiers Media Srikanth, K., Kumar, H., Park, W., Byun, M., Lim, D., Kemp, S., te Pas, M.F.W., Kim, J.-M. and Park, J.-E. 2019. Cardiac and skeletal muscle transcriptome response to heat stress in Kenyan chicken ecotypes adapted to low and high altitudes reveal differences in thermal tolerance and stress response. Frontiers in Genetics 10:993.
spellingShingle animal breeding
chickens
poultry
indigenous breeds
genetics
Srikanth, K.
Kumar, H.
Park, W.
Byun, M.
Lim, D.
Kemp, Stephen J.
Te Pas, M.F.W.
Kim, J.-M.
Park, Jong-Eun
Cardiac and skeletal muscle transcriptome response to heat stress in Kenyan chicken ecotypes adapted to low and high altitudes reveal differences in thermal tolerance and stress response
title Cardiac and skeletal muscle transcriptome response to heat stress in Kenyan chicken ecotypes adapted to low and high altitudes reveal differences in thermal tolerance and stress response
title_full Cardiac and skeletal muscle transcriptome response to heat stress in Kenyan chicken ecotypes adapted to low and high altitudes reveal differences in thermal tolerance and stress response
title_fullStr Cardiac and skeletal muscle transcriptome response to heat stress in Kenyan chicken ecotypes adapted to low and high altitudes reveal differences in thermal tolerance and stress response
title_full_unstemmed Cardiac and skeletal muscle transcriptome response to heat stress in Kenyan chicken ecotypes adapted to low and high altitudes reveal differences in thermal tolerance and stress response
title_short Cardiac and skeletal muscle transcriptome response to heat stress in Kenyan chicken ecotypes adapted to low and high altitudes reveal differences in thermal tolerance and stress response
title_sort cardiac and skeletal muscle transcriptome response to heat stress in kenyan chicken ecotypes adapted to low and high altitudes reveal differences in thermal tolerance and stress response
topic animal breeding
chickens
poultry
indigenous breeds
genetics
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/106336
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