Effects of tillage, crop establishment and diversification on soil organic carbon, aggregation, aggregate associated carbon and productivity in cereal systems of semi-arid Northwest India

Intensive tillage based management practices are threatening soil quality and systems sustainability in the ricewheat belt of Northwest India. Furthermore, it is accentuated with puddling of soil, which disrupts soil aggregates. Conservation agriculture (CA) practices involving zero tillage, crop re...

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Main Authors: Jat, Hanuman Sahay, Datta, Ashim, Choudhary, Madhu, Yadav, Arvind Kumar, Choudhary, Vishu, Sharma, Parbodh Chander, Gathala, Mahesh Kumar, Jat, Mangi Lal, McDonald, Andrew J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Elsevier 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/106102
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author Jat, Hanuman Sahay
Datta, Ashim
Choudhary, Madhu
Yadav, Arvind Kumar
Choudhary, Vishu
Sharma, Parbodh Chander
Gathala, Mahesh Kumar
Jat, Mangi Lal
McDonald, Andrew J.
author_browse Choudhary, Madhu
Choudhary, Vishu
Datta, Ashim
Gathala, Mahesh Kumar
Jat, Hanuman Sahay
Jat, Mangi Lal
McDonald, Andrew J.
Sharma, Parbodh Chander
Yadav, Arvind Kumar
author_facet Jat, Hanuman Sahay
Datta, Ashim
Choudhary, Madhu
Yadav, Arvind Kumar
Choudhary, Vishu
Sharma, Parbodh Chander
Gathala, Mahesh Kumar
Jat, Mangi Lal
McDonald, Andrew J.
author_sort Jat, Hanuman Sahay
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Intensive tillage based management practices are threatening soil quality and systems sustainability in the ricewheat belt of Northwest India. Furthermore, it is accentuated with puddling of soil, which disrupts soil aggregates. Conservation agriculture (CA) practices involving zero tillage, crop residue management and suitable crop rotation can serve as better alternative to conventional agriculture for maintaining soil quality. Soil organic carbon is an important determinant of soil quality, playing critical role in food production, mitigation and adaptation to climate change as well as performs many ecosystem functions. To understand the turnover of soil carbon in different forms (Total organic carbon-TOC; aggregate associated carbon-AAC; articulate organic carbon- POC), soil aggregation and crop productivity with different management practices, one conventional agriculture based scenario and three CA based crop management scenarios namely conventional rice-wheat system (Sc1), partial CA based rice-wheat-mungbean system (Sc2), full CA-based rice-wheat-mungbean system (Sc3) and maize-wheat-mungbean system (Sc4) were evaluated. TOC was increased by 71%, 68% and 25% after 4 years of the experiment and 75%, 80% and 38% after 6 years of the experiment in Sc4, Sc3 and Sc2, respectively, over Sc1 at 0–15 cm soil depth. After 4 years of the experiment, 38.5% and 5.0% and after 6 years 50.8% and 24.4% improvement in total water stable aggregates at 0–15 and 15–30 cm soil depth, respectively was observed in CA-based scenarios over Sc1. Higher aggregate indices were associated with Sc3 at 0–15 cm soil depth than others. Among the size classes of aggregates, highest aggregate associated C (8.94 g kg−1) was retained in the 1-0.5mm size class under CA-based scenarios. After 6 years, higher POC was associated with Sc4 (116%). CA-based rice/maize system (Sc3 and Sc4) showed higher productivity than Sc1. Therefore, CA could be a potential management practice in rice-wheat cropping system of Northwest India to improve the soil carbon pools through maintaining soil aggregation and productivity.
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spelling CGSpace1061022025-02-19T14:22:12Z Effects of tillage, crop establishment and diversification on soil organic carbon, aggregation, aggregate associated carbon and productivity in cereal systems of semi-arid Northwest India Jat, Hanuman Sahay Datta, Ashim Choudhary, Madhu Yadav, Arvind Kumar Choudhary, Vishu Sharma, Parbodh Chander Gathala, Mahesh Kumar Jat, Mangi Lal McDonald, Andrew J. agriculture climate change food security tillage Intensive tillage based management practices are threatening soil quality and systems sustainability in the ricewheat belt of Northwest India. Furthermore, it is accentuated with puddling of soil, which disrupts soil aggregates. Conservation agriculture (CA) practices involving zero tillage, crop residue management and suitable crop rotation can serve as better alternative to conventional agriculture for maintaining soil quality. Soil organic carbon is an important determinant of soil quality, playing critical role in food production, mitigation and adaptation to climate change as well as performs many ecosystem functions. To understand the turnover of soil carbon in different forms (Total organic carbon-TOC; aggregate associated carbon-AAC; articulate organic carbon- POC), soil aggregation and crop productivity with different management practices, one conventional agriculture based scenario and three CA based crop management scenarios namely conventional rice-wheat system (Sc1), partial CA based rice-wheat-mungbean system (Sc2), full CA-based rice-wheat-mungbean system (Sc3) and maize-wheat-mungbean system (Sc4) were evaluated. TOC was increased by 71%, 68% and 25% after 4 years of the experiment and 75%, 80% and 38% after 6 years of the experiment in Sc4, Sc3 and Sc2, respectively, over Sc1 at 0–15 cm soil depth. After 4 years of the experiment, 38.5% and 5.0% and after 6 years 50.8% and 24.4% improvement in total water stable aggregates at 0–15 and 15–30 cm soil depth, respectively was observed in CA-based scenarios over Sc1. Higher aggregate indices were associated with Sc3 at 0–15 cm soil depth than others. Among the size classes of aggregates, highest aggregate associated C (8.94 g kg−1) was retained in the 1-0.5mm size class under CA-based scenarios. After 6 years, higher POC was associated with Sc4 (116%). CA-based rice/maize system (Sc3 and Sc4) showed higher productivity than Sc1. Therefore, CA could be a potential management practice in rice-wheat cropping system of Northwest India to improve the soil carbon pools through maintaining soil aggregation and productivity. 2019-07 2019-12-10T19:23:37Z 2019-12-10T19:23:37Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/106102 en Open Access Elsevier Jat HS, , Datta A, Choudhary M, Yadav AK, Choudhary V, Sharma PC, Gathala MK, Jat ML, McDonald A. 2019. Effects of tillage, crop establishment and diversification on soil organic carbon, aggregation, aggregate associated carbon and productivity in cereal systems of semi-arid Northwest India. Soil and Tillage Research 190:128–138.
spellingShingle agriculture
climate change
food security
tillage
Jat, Hanuman Sahay
Datta, Ashim
Choudhary, Madhu
Yadav, Arvind Kumar
Choudhary, Vishu
Sharma, Parbodh Chander
Gathala, Mahesh Kumar
Jat, Mangi Lal
McDonald, Andrew J.
Effects of tillage, crop establishment and diversification on soil organic carbon, aggregation, aggregate associated carbon and productivity in cereal systems of semi-arid Northwest India
title Effects of tillage, crop establishment and diversification on soil organic carbon, aggregation, aggregate associated carbon and productivity in cereal systems of semi-arid Northwest India
title_full Effects of tillage, crop establishment and diversification on soil organic carbon, aggregation, aggregate associated carbon and productivity in cereal systems of semi-arid Northwest India
title_fullStr Effects of tillage, crop establishment and diversification on soil organic carbon, aggregation, aggregate associated carbon and productivity in cereal systems of semi-arid Northwest India
title_full_unstemmed Effects of tillage, crop establishment and diversification on soil organic carbon, aggregation, aggregate associated carbon and productivity in cereal systems of semi-arid Northwest India
title_short Effects of tillage, crop establishment and diversification on soil organic carbon, aggregation, aggregate associated carbon and productivity in cereal systems of semi-arid Northwest India
title_sort effects of tillage crop establishment and diversification on soil organic carbon aggregation aggregate associated carbon and productivity in cereal systems of semi arid northwest india
topic agriculture
climate change
food security
tillage
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/106102
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