A cross-sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in Nairobi, Kenya

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) driven by antibiotic consumption is a growing global health threat. However, data on antimicrobial consumption patterns in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is sparse. Here, we investigate the patterns of antibiotic sales in humans and livestock in ur...

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Main Authors: Muloi, Dishon M., Fèvre, Eric M., Bettridge, Judy M., Rono, Robert, Ong’are, Daniel, Hassell, James M., Karani, Maurice K., Muinde, Patrick, Bunnik, B. van, Street, A., Chase-Topping, M., Pedersen, A.B., Ward, M.J., Woolhouse, Mark E.J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: International Society of Global Health 2019
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/103442
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author Muloi, Dishon M.
Fèvre, Eric M.
Bettridge, Judy M.
Rono, Robert
Ong’are, Daniel
Hassell, James M.
Karani, Maurice K.
Muinde, Patrick
Bunnik, B. van
Street, A.
Chase-Topping, M.
Pedersen, A.B.
Ward, M.J.
Woolhouse, Mark E.J.
author_browse Bettridge, Judy M.
Bunnik, B. van
Chase-Topping, M.
Fèvre, Eric M.
Hassell, James M.
Karani, Maurice K.
Muinde, Patrick
Muloi, Dishon M.
Ong’are, Daniel
Pedersen, A.B.
Rono, Robert
Street, A.
Ward, M.J.
Woolhouse, Mark E.J.
author_facet Muloi, Dishon M.
Fèvre, Eric M.
Bettridge, Judy M.
Rono, Robert
Ong’are, Daniel
Hassell, James M.
Karani, Maurice K.
Muinde, Patrick
Bunnik, B. van
Street, A.
Chase-Topping, M.
Pedersen, A.B.
Ward, M.J.
Woolhouse, Mark E.J.
author_sort Muloi, Dishon M.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) driven by antibiotic consumption is a growing global health threat. However, data on antimicrobial consumption patterns in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is sparse. Here, we investigate the patterns of antibiotic sales in humans and livestock in urban Nairobi, Kenya, and evaluate the level of awareness and common behaviours related to antibiotic use and AMR amongst human and veterinary pharmacists. Methods A total of 40 human and 19 veterinary drug store pharmacists were interviewed in Nairobi in 2018 using a standard questionnaire. Data recorded included demographic variables, types of antibiotics sold, antibiotic customers, antibiotic prescribing practices and knowledge of antibiotic use and AMR. Results Our study shows that at the retail level, there is a considerable overlap between antibiotic classes (10/15) sold for use in both human and veterinary medicine. Whilst in our study, clinical training significantly influenced knowledge on issues related to antibiotic use and AMR and respondents had a relatively adequate level of knowledge about AMR, several inappropriate prescribing practices were identified. For example, we found that most veterinary and human drug stores (100% and 52% respectively) sold antibiotics without a prescription and noted that customer preference was an important factor when prescribing antibiotics in half of the drug stores. Conclusion Although more research is needed to understand the drivers of antibiotic consumption in both human and animal populations, these findings highlight the need for immediate strategies to improve prescribing practices across the pharmacists in Nairobi and by extension other low- and middle-income country settings.
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spelling CGSpace1034422023-03-18T12:04:17Z A cross-sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in Nairobi, Kenya Muloi, Dishon M. Fèvre, Eric M. Bettridge, Judy M. Rono, Robert Ong’are, Daniel Hassell, James M. Karani, Maurice K. Muinde, Patrick Bunnik, B. van Street, A. Chase-Topping, M. Pedersen, A.B. Ward, M.J. Woolhouse, Mark E.J. health animal health antibiotics antimicrobial resistance Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) driven by antibiotic consumption is a growing global health threat. However, data on antimicrobial consumption patterns in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is sparse. Here, we investigate the patterns of antibiotic sales in humans and livestock in urban Nairobi, Kenya, and evaluate the level of awareness and common behaviours related to antibiotic use and AMR amongst human and veterinary pharmacists. Methods A total of 40 human and 19 veterinary drug store pharmacists were interviewed in Nairobi in 2018 using a standard questionnaire. Data recorded included demographic variables, types of antibiotics sold, antibiotic customers, antibiotic prescribing practices and knowledge of antibiotic use and AMR. Results Our study shows that at the retail level, there is a considerable overlap between antibiotic classes (10/15) sold for use in both human and veterinary medicine. Whilst in our study, clinical training significantly influenced knowledge on issues related to antibiotic use and AMR and respondents had a relatively adequate level of knowledge about AMR, several inappropriate prescribing practices were identified. For example, we found that most veterinary and human drug stores (100% and 52% respectively) sold antibiotics without a prescription and noted that customer preference was an important factor when prescribing antibiotics in half of the drug stores. Conclusion Although more research is needed to understand the drivers of antibiotic consumption in both human and animal populations, these findings highlight the need for immediate strategies to improve prescribing practices across the pharmacists in Nairobi and by extension other low- and middle-income country settings. 2019-12 2019-08-29T08:41:33Z 2019-08-29T08:41:33Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/103442 en Open Access International Society of Global Health Muloi, D., Fèvre, E.M., Bettridge, J., Rono, R., Ong’are, D., Hassell, J.M., Karani, M.K., Muinde, P., Bunnik, B. van, Street, A., Chase-Topping, M., Pedersen, A.B., Ward, M.J. and Woolhouse, M.E.J. 2019. A cross-sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in Nairobi, Kenya. Journal of Global Health 9(2): 020412.
spellingShingle health
animal health
antibiotics
antimicrobial resistance
Muloi, Dishon M.
Fèvre, Eric M.
Bettridge, Judy M.
Rono, Robert
Ong’are, Daniel
Hassell, James M.
Karani, Maurice K.
Muinde, Patrick
Bunnik, B. van
Street, A.
Chase-Topping, M.
Pedersen, A.B.
Ward, M.J.
Woolhouse, Mark E.J.
A cross-sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in Nairobi, Kenya
title A cross-sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in Nairobi, Kenya
title_full A cross-sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in Nairobi, Kenya
title_fullStr A cross-sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in Nairobi, Kenya
title_full_unstemmed A cross-sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in Nairobi, Kenya
title_short A cross-sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in Nairobi, Kenya
title_sort cross sectional survey of practices and knowledge among antibiotic retailers in nairobi kenya
topic health
animal health
antibiotics
antimicrobial resistance
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/103442
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