Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer
Milk is an important commodity in Kenya; the country has the largest dairy herd and highest per capita milk consumption in East Africa. As such, hazards in milk are of concern. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a toxic metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) excreted in milk by lactating animals after ingesting AFB1...
| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
MDPI
2019
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/102494 |
| _version_ | 1855520784141778944 |
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| author | Sirma, A.J. Makita, K. Grace, Delia Senerwa, D. Lindahl, Johanna F. |
| author_browse | Grace, Delia Lindahl, Johanna F. Makita, K. Senerwa, D. Sirma, A.J. |
| author_facet | Sirma, A.J. Makita, K. Grace, Delia Senerwa, D. Lindahl, Johanna F. |
| author_sort | Sirma, A.J. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Milk is an important commodity in Kenya; the country has the largest dairy herd and highest per capita milk consumption in East Africa. As such, hazards in milk are of concern. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a toxic metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) excreted in milk by lactating animals after ingesting AFB1-contaminated feeds. This metabolite is injurious to human health, but there is little information on the risk to human health posed by AFM1 in milk in rural Kenya. To fill this gap, a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) applying probabilistic statistical tools to quantify risks was conducted. This assessed the risk of liver cancer posed by AFM1 in milk, assuming 10-fold lower carcinogenicity than AFB1. Data from four agro–ecological zones in Kenya (semi-arid, temperate, sub-humid and humid) were used. We estimated that people were exposed to between 0.3 and 1 ng AFM1 per kg body weight per day through the consumption of milk. The annual incidence rates of cancer attributed to the consumption of AFM1 in milk were 3.5 × 10−3 (95% CI: 3 × 10−3–3.9 × 10−3), 2.9 × 10−3 (95% CI: 2.5 × 10−3–3.3 × 10−3), 1.4 × 10−3 (95% CI: 1.2 × 10−3–1.5 × 10−3) and 2.7 × 10−3 (95% CI: 2.3 × 10−3–3 × 10−3) cancers per 100,000 in adult females, adult males, children 6–18 years old, and in children less than five years old, respectively. Our results show that aflatoxin exposure from milk contributes relatively little to the incidence of liver cancer. Nonetheless, risk managers should take action based on cumulative exposure from all sources of aflatoxins. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace102494 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2019 |
| publishDateRange | 2019 |
| publishDateSort | 2019 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| publisherStr | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1024942023-12-08T19:36:04Z Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer Sirma, A.J. Makita, K. Grace, Delia Senerwa, D. Lindahl, Johanna F. aflatoxins milk health food safety animal products dairying Milk is an important commodity in Kenya; the country has the largest dairy herd and highest per capita milk consumption in East Africa. As such, hazards in milk are of concern. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a toxic metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) excreted in milk by lactating animals after ingesting AFB1-contaminated feeds. This metabolite is injurious to human health, but there is little information on the risk to human health posed by AFM1 in milk in rural Kenya. To fill this gap, a quantitative risk assessment (QRA) applying probabilistic statistical tools to quantify risks was conducted. This assessed the risk of liver cancer posed by AFM1 in milk, assuming 10-fold lower carcinogenicity than AFB1. Data from four agro–ecological zones in Kenya (semi-arid, temperate, sub-humid and humid) were used. We estimated that people were exposed to between 0.3 and 1 ng AFM1 per kg body weight per day through the consumption of milk. The annual incidence rates of cancer attributed to the consumption of AFM1 in milk were 3.5 × 10−3 (95% CI: 3 × 10−3–3.9 × 10−3), 2.9 × 10−3 (95% CI: 2.5 × 10−3–3.3 × 10−3), 1.4 × 10−3 (95% CI: 1.2 × 10−3–1.5 × 10−3) and 2.7 × 10−3 (95% CI: 2.3 × 10−3–3 × 10−3) cancers per 100,000 in adult females, adult males, children 6–18 years old, and in children less than five years old, respectively. Our results show that aflatoxin exposure from milk contributes relatively little to the incidence of liver cancer. Nonetheless, risk managers should take action based on cumulative exposure from all sources of aflatoxins. 2019-08-10 2019-08-13T13:40:42Z 2019-08-13T13:40:42Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/102494 en Open Access MDPI Sirma, A.J., Makita, K., Grace, D., Senerwa, D. and Lindahl, J.F. 2019. Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer. Toxins 11(8): 469. |
| spellingShingle | aflatoxins milk health food safety animal products dairying Sirma, A.J. Makita, K. Grace, Delia Senerwa, D. Lindahl, Johanna F. Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer |
| title | Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer |
| title_full | Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer |
| title_fullStr | Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer |
| title_short | Aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural Kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer |
| title_sort | aflatoxin exposure from milk in rural kenya and the contribution to the risk of liver cancer |
| topic | aflatoxins milk health food safety animal products dairying |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/102494 |
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