Prioritizing options for multi-objective agricultural development through the Positive Deviance approach

Agricultural development must integrate multiple objectives at the same time, including food security, income, and environmental sustainability. To help achieve these objectives, development practitioners need to prioritize concrete livelihood practices to promote to rural households. But trade-offs...

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Autores principales: Steinke, Jonathan, Mgimiloko, Majuto Gaspar, Graef, Frieder, Hammond, James, Wijk, Mark T. van, Etten, Jacob van
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2019
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/100731
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author Steinke, Jonathan
Mgimiloko, Majuto Gaspar
Graef, Frieder
Hammond, James
Wijk, Mark T. van
Etten, Jacob van
author_browse Etten, Jacob van
Graef, Frieder
Hammond, James
Mgimiloko, Majuto Gaspar
Steinke, Jonathan
Wijk, Mark T. van
author_facet Steinke, Jonathan
Mgimiloko, Majuto Gaspar
Graef, Frieder
Hammond, James
Wijk, Mark T. van
Etten, Jacob van
author_sort Steinke, Jonathan
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Agricultural development must integrate multiple objectives at the same time, including food security, income, and environmental sustainability. To help achieve these objectives, development practitioners need to prioritize concrete livelihood practices to promote to rural households. But trade-offs between objectives can lead to dilemmas in selecting practices. In addition, heterogeneity among farming households requires targeting different strategies to different types of households. Existing diversity of household resources and activities, however, may also bear solutions. We explored a new, empirical research method that identifies promising options for multi-objective development by focusing on existing cases of strong multi-dimensional household performance. The “Positive Deviance” approach signifies identifying locally viable livelihood practices from diverse households that achieve stronger performance than comparable households in the same area. These practices are promising for other local households in comparable resource contexts. The approach has been used in other domains, such as child nutrition, but has not yet been fully implemented for agricultural development with a focus on the simultaneous achievement of multiple objectives. To test our adapted version of the Positive Deviance approach, we used a quantitative survey of over 500 rural households in South-Eastern Tanzania. We identified 54 households with outstanding relative performance regarding five key development dimensions (food security, income, nutrition, environmental sustainability, and social equity). We found that, compared to other households with similar resource levels, these “positive deviants” performed strongest for food security, but only slightly better for social equity. We then re-visited a diverse sub-sample for qualitative interviews, and identified 14 uncommon, “deviant” practices that plausibly contributed to the households’ superior outcomes. We illustrate how these practices can inform specific recommendations of practices for other local households in comparable resource contexts. The study demonstrates how, with the Positive Deviance approach, empirical observations of individual, outstanding households can inform discussions about locally viable agricultural development solutions in diverse household context.
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spelling CGSpace1007312025-12-08T09:54:28Z Prioritizing options for multi-objective agricultural development through the Positive Deviance approach Steinke, Jonathan Mgimiloko, Majuto Gaspar Graef, Frieder Hammond, James Wijk, Mark T. van Etten, Jacob van data food security environment sustainability nutrition surveys households Agricultural development must integrate multiple objectives at the same time, including food security, income, and environmental sustainability. To help achieve these objectives, development practitioners need to prioritize concrete livelihood practices to promote to rural households. But trade-offs between objectives can lead to dilemmas in selecting practices. In addition, heterogeneity among farming households requires targeting different strategies to different types of households. Existing diversity of household resources and activities, however, may also bear solutions. We explored a new, empirical research method that identifies promising options for multi-objective development by focusing on existing cases of strong multi-dimensional household performance. The “Positive Deviance” approach signifies identifying locally viable livelihood practices from diverse households that achieve stronger performance than comparable households in the same area. These practices are promising for other local households in comparable resource contexts. The approach has been used in other domains, such as child nutrition, but has not yet been fully implemented for agricultural development with a focus on the simultaneous achievement of multiple objectives. To test our adapted version of the Positive Deviance approach, we used a quantitative survey of over 500 rural households in South-Eastern Tanzania. We identified 54 households with outstanding relative performance regarding five key development dimensions (food security, income, nutrition, environmental sustainability, and social equity). We found that, compared to other households with similar resource levels, these “positive deviants” performed strongest for food security, but only slightly better for social equity. We then re-visited a diverse sub-sample for qualitative interviews, and identified 14 uncommon, “deviant” practices that plausibly contributed to the households’ superior outcomes. We illustrate how these practices can inform specific recommendations of practices for other local households in comparable resource contexts. The study demonstrates how, with the Positive Deviance approach, empirical observations of individual, outstanding households can inform discussions about locally viable agricultural development solutions in diverse household context. 2019-02-25 2019-04-10T14:30:58Z 2019-04-10T14:30:58Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/100731 en Open Access Public Library of Science Steinke, J., Mgimiloko, M.G., Graef, F., Hammond, J., van Wijk, M.T. and van Etten, J. 2019. Prioritizing options for multi-objective agricultural development through the Positive Deviance approach. PLOS ONE
spellingShingle data
food security
environment
sustainability
nutrition
surveys
households
Steinke, Jonathan
Mgimiloko, Majuto Gaspar
Graef, Frieder
Hammond, James
Wijk, Mark T. van
Etten, Jacob van
Prioritizing options for multi-objective agricultural development through the Positive Deviance approach
title Prioritizing options for multi-objective agricultural development through the Positive Deviance approach
title_full Prioritizing options for multi-objective agricultural development through the Positive Deviance approach
title_fullStr Prioritizing options for multi-objective agricultural development through the Positive Deviance approach
title_full_unstemmed Prioritizing options for multi-objective agricultural development through the Positive Deviance approach
title_short Prioritizing options for multi-objective agricultural development through the Positive Deviance approach
title_sort prioritizing options for multi objective agricultural development through the positive deviance approach
topic data
food security
environment
sustainability
nutrition
surveys
households
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/100731
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