Resultados de búsqueda - surrealist~

Forests: when natural regeneration is unrealistic por Guariguata, Manuel R., Chazdon, R.L., Brancalion, Pedro H.S., David, L.

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Policy research and African agriculture: time for a dose of reality? por Omamo, Steven Were, Farrington, John

“…Despite the growing attention given to market imperfections of the kind highlighted by New Institutional Economics, much policy advice on the agricultural economy in African countries remains based on unrealistic analysis and assumptions. To make policy advice more relevant requires a better understanding not only of how markets (mal)function, but also of implementation issues: what constrains implementability, how constraints can be overcome or bypassed, and what policy measures have greater or lesser prospects of implementation.It concludes that: The policy discourse in African agriculture has been dominated by agricultural economics, yet many of the standard assumptions of quantitative modelling are challenged by the reality of:; markets which are routinely non-competitive because of, eg. high barriers to entry, increasing returns to scale, and non-insurable risk; deliberate efforts by firms to maintain market imperfections by, e.g. building information exchange networks which exclude newcomers; the absence of market pressures towards more competitive structure, conduct or performance The major task of including the poor more fully in markets will continue to be neglected for as long as policy advice remains dominated by unrealistic assumptions; concerning the structure, conduct and performance of markets; This discourse has tended to ignore political priorities such as achieving (or denying) developmental balance among regions or tribes; In addition, the discourse has generally sought some ideal of policy design, disregarding questions of implementability. …”
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Improving carbon initiatives aimed at smallholders: addressing opportunities and challenges through better communication por World Agroforestry Centre

“…However, engaging farmers in such carbon finance schemes is challenging, due to the need to establish ways of measuring, monitoring and verifying how much carbon is being sequestered, uncertainties surrounding the carbon market, barriers related to language and media access and participation in information flows, and unclear risks and unrealistic expectations about benefits of carbon schemes to farmers.…”
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REDD models and baselines por Angelsen, A.

“…The paper argues that the expectations about the magnitude of such transfers are unrealistically high, and may reduce the prospect for reaching an agreement and increase the chances for ‘hot air’ from the South.…”
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Development of the Mafriwal dairy cattle of Malaysia por Panandam, J.M., Raymond, A.K.

“…Although it would be unrealistic to expect the local production to meet the total demand, there is need for an increase in production in order to ensure food security and save foreign exchange. …”
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Overcoming barriers to informal milk trade in Kenya por Omore, Amos O., Staal, Steven J., Randolph, Thomas F.

“…In spite of several derived benefits, regulations governing informal milk markets continue to be unfavourable due to unrealistic safety standards. The rationale for applying regulations modelled along those from industrialised countries where virtually all milk destined for the market is pasteurised and packaged, and the differential political power play between formal and informal sectors, is examined against evidence on consumption patterns, human health risks and benefits associated with informal milk markets.…”
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Determinants of smallholder farmers’ participation in rice value chains in Uganda por Rugema, S.H., Sseguya, H., Kibwika, P.

“…Minimal participation of some members occurred due to unrealistic expectations and incompetent leadership. …”
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Dynamics of EU food safety certification: A survival analysis of firm decisions por Ragasa, Catherine, Thornsbury, Suzanne, Joshi, Satish

“…Results highlighttendencies to initially overestimate of benefits and underestimate costs of food safetycertifications, resulting in unrealistically optimistic projections and may lead to adversefirm performance.…”
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Pest management and food production: looking to the future por Yudelman, Montague, Ratta, Annu, Nygaard, David F.

“…A world with out pests is unrealistic and probably undesirable. However, a world with severely reduced losses of food production to pests is achievable by 2020. …”
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Pest management and food production: looking to the future por Yudelman, Montague, Ratta, Annu, Nygaard, David F.

“…A world with out pests is unrealistic and probably undesirable. However, a world with severely reduced losses of food production to pests is achievable by 2020. …”
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Displacements of reinforced slopes subjected to seismic loads por Michalowski, Radoslaw L., You, Liangzhi

“…Design of reinforced slopes using the quasi-static approach may lead to an unrealistically long reinforcement for large ground accelerations. …”
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Risk communication in forestry consulting : a survey among foresty professionals por Skov, Mads Chrisrian Roiy

“…In a stressful situation, unrealistic expectations on technical solutions, like computer based information systems, can arise simultaneously, as the time for personal meetings and reflection diminishes.…”

A practical guide to estimating the light extinction coefficient with nonlinear models—a case study on maize por Lacasa, Josefina, Hefley, Trevor J., Otegui, María Elena, Ciampitti, Ignacio A.

“…A systematic search of peer-reviewed publications for maize (Zea Mays L.) revealed: (i) incompleteness in reported estimation techniques; and (ii) that most studies relied on dated techniques with unrealistic assumptions, such as log-transformed linear models (LogTLM) or normally distributed data. …”
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Area harvests equivalency ratio for measuring efficiency in multiseason intercropping por Balasubramanian, V., Sekayange, L.

“…The area time equivalency ratio (ATER) unrealistically assumes continuous crop growth throughout the year, thus it underestimates the advantages of intercrops. …”
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Doing better rather than promising more: a basic principle applicable to both climate modelling and climate policies por Douville, H.

“…As examplified by the Paris agreement on desirable global warming targets, it is argued that the display of unrealistic ambitions may not be the best way for climate modellers to accomplish their long-term objectives, especially given the growing consensus on climate emergency and the allocated short time for the knowledge to be delivered and applied.…”
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Global trade and water: lessons from China and the WTO por Liao, Yongsong, Fraiture, Charlotte de, Giordano, Mark

“…These new assessments show that many existing projections regarding agriculture in China are unrealistic due to water scarcity. For instance, China may import more wheat and export fewer vegetables and fruits than has typically been predicted. …”
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Reforming the research policy and impact culture in the CGIAR: Integrating science and systemic capacity development por Leeuwis, Cees, Klerkx, Laurens, Schut, Marc

“…This leads the CGIAR to raise unrealistic expectations regarding the development impacts of the science conducted, resulting in ever growing distrust between the Centres and the donor community. …”
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Technical Advisory Committee Twenty-Ninth Meeting, 4-6 November 1982: Report of the Meeting por CGIAR Technical Advisory Committee

“…It agreed that rather than being cut down from an unrealistically high expectation of availabilities, the decisions should build up from a lower level using center priority rankings. …”
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The mixed-complementary approach to specifying agricultural supply in computable general equilibrium models por Lofgren, Hans, Robinson, Sherman

“…With more disaggregation, the use of smooth, twice-differentiable, production or cost functions to specify agricultural technology is increasingly unrealistic. The purpose of this paper is to show how CGE models formulated as mixed-complementarity (MC) problems can incorporate more realistic, specifications of agricultural supply, drawing on the extensive literature on mathematical programming models applied to agriculture. …”
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Macroeconomic policies and industrial wood processing and trade in Zimbabwe por Kowero, G.S., Mabugu, R.

“…The paper demonstrates that: (a) macroeconomic policies promoted some industrial forestry activities in the post-independence period, more during the economic structural adjustment programme (ESAP) era when there were more pro-export policies, and then less in the recent post-ESAP years when dirigisme returned and the economy almost collapsed; (b) economic reform policies which initially had the greatest impact on industrial forestry were those of trade liberalisation and domestic deregulation, which came at a time when world timber markets were strengthening and therefore provided the timber industry with the capacity to grow, develop a wide range of products and adopt an export focus; (c) timber production for construction tends to increase with economic growth and vice versa; (d) in the post-ESAP period the forest industry has been characterised by uncertainty of tenure for its plantations due to recent changes in land laws, high inflation that erodes profitability, local market shrinkage due to prevailing stressed economy, loss of investor confidence and unrealistic currency exchange rates that make exporting unattractive. …”
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