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CLIFF-GRADS Science Collaboration Series 2020 - Thematic student session: Soil Systems por Chirinda, Ngonidzashe, Turek, Maria Eliza, Silva Santos, Erick Rodrigo da, Amenchwi, Amahnui George, dos Santos, Ricardo Cesário, Mlambo, Antony, Shefine, Bethel Geremew, Okolo, Chukwuebuka Christopher

“…The thematic sessions have been disaggregated into the following agricultural systems: i) integrated, ii) pastoral and agronomy, iii) ruminant, iv) rice and v) soil. Learn more about the CLIFF-GRADS Program and Alumni: https://ccafs.cgiar.org/CLIFF-GRADS…”
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Food por Kristjanson, Patricia M., Okwi, P.O., Mutunga, N., Oduor, J., Nyoro, J., Lee-Smith, D., Kute, A., Kimathi, G., Akwany, P., Notenbaert, An Maria Omer, Arunga, M., Baltenweck, Isabelle, Situma, A., Nackoney, J., Landsberg, F., Mock, G., Cooper, E., Henninger, N., Tunstall, D., Billings, H., Rosas, C. de, Worms, J.

“…A detailed view of central and western Kenya, where more than 90 percent of croplands are located shows that farmers dedicate large shares of their cropland to food crops in selected high-potential Districts such as Trans Nzoia, Uasin Gishu, Lugari, upper Nandi, and Nakuru (maize and other cereals), Narok (wheat), and lower Kirinyaga (rice). Food crop shares are also high in the more marginal cropping areas—but here agriculture is dominated by lower-yielding maize—for example, along Lake Victoria and large parts of Laikipia, Machakos, Mwingi, Kitui, Makueni, Taita Taveta, Kwale, Kilifi, and Malindi Districts. …”
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Smallholder farmer engagement in citizen science for varietal diversification enhances adaptive capacity and productivity in Bihar, India por Gotor, Elisabetta, Pagnani, Tiziana, Paliwal, Ambica, Scafetti, Flavia, Etten, Jacob van, Caracciolo, Francesco

“…The study examines if an increase in the varietal diversity of major staple crops, namely wheat and rice, under real farming conditions contributed to: (1) crop productivity and (2) the ability of households to recover from agricultural production shocks. …”
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Designing CS Farming Systems towards Carbon-Neutral Sustainable Agriculture in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, India por Jat, Mangi Lal, Kumar, Yogesh, Kalvaniya, Kailash C., Rana, Dharamvir Singh

“…The major cropping systems in Andhra Pardesh and Telanana, India are maize-maize and rice-maize where the farmer’s field size is very small comparatively. …”
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Biological nitrogen fixation and prospects for ecological intensification in cereal-based cropping systems por Ladha, Jagdish K., Peoples, Mark B., Reddy, Pallavolu M., Biswas, Jatish C., Bennett, Alan, Jat, Mangi Lal, Krupnik, Timothy J.

“…The demand for nitrogen (N) for crop production increased rapidly from the middle of the twentieth century and is predicted to at least double by 2050 to satisfy the on-going improvements in productivity of major food crops such as wheat, rice and maize that underpin the staple diet of most of the world's population. …”
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Genetic studies of fall armyworm indicate a new introduction into Africa and identify limits to its migratory behavior por Nagoshi, R.N., Goergen, Georg E., Koffi, D., Agboka, K., Adjevi, A.K.M., du Plessis, H., Berg, J. van den, Tepa-Yotto, G., Winsou, J.K., Meagher, R.L., Brevault, T.

“…The results support initial descriptions of the fall armyworm invasion, including the near absence of the strain that prefers rice, millet, and pasture grasses, while providing additional evidence that the magnitude and extent of FAW natural migration on the continent is more limited than expected. …”
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A review of Ghana’s planting for food and jobs program: Implementation, impacts, benefits, and costs por Pauw, Karl

“…Model results reveal that maize and rice production levels are more than 40 percent higher than they would have been in the absence of PFJ, thus contributing significantly to food and calorie availability in Ghana. …”
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Behavioral games for triggering adoption of good agricultural practices: insights from women’s empowerment project in Telangana, India por Waris, Amtul

“…The alternate wetting and drying (AWD) method of rice crop establishment was demonstrated to show them how it translates in reality to improved crop yield (20.32%) and reduced water usage (14.49%) over the conventional flooded transplanting method. …”
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Enhanced capacity of women in Smart-Valleys, alternate wetting and drying and multi-stakeholders platforms establishment in Mali por Dossou-Yovo, Elliott Ronald, Djagba, Justin, Koné, Pierre, Akpoffo, M. Marius, Doumbia, Salif

“…AICCRA-Mali has undertaken a series of intensive training sessions aimed at enhancing the capacity of women farmers in the Smart-Valleys approach for water control in inland valleys, alternate wetting and drying irrigation for rice production with reduced water use and greenhouse gas emissions, and establishing multi-stakeholder platforms to improve access to information, technology, finance, and markets. …”
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Side Event Report. Local-based strategies to sustain food systems targeting household food and nutrition security in Vietnam por National Institute of Nutrition, Ministry of Health, Vietnam, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, Alliance of Bioversity International and International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Embassy of Canada, Vietnam

“…The AMD research initiative is being implemented by CGIAR researchers from the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), WorldFish, the Alliance of Bioversity, and CIAT and the International Water Management Institute (IMWI). …”
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Trends and determinants of India’s virtual water trade in crop products por Kannan, Elumalai, Kumar, Anjani

“…Among the commodities traded, rice accounted for over one-fourth of the total volume of virtual water exported, and sunflower/safflower oil constitute over one-third of the total volume of virtual water imported. …”
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Wild relatives and new breeding techniques sustain Fe and Zn biofortified crop farming systems under climate change and emergencies por Xu, C., Wang, L., Yin, J., Qi, L., Feng, Y., Ji, Y., Li, Y., Chang, S., Yuan, P., Zhang, Z., Shan, Y., Hoekenga, O.A., Kear, P., Li, J.

“…Advanced breeding technologies, like marker-assisted selection breeding, genomic selection, gene editing provide opportunities to enhance Fe and Zn concentrations in staple crops, such as rice, maize, wheat, cassava, etc. Genome-wide association studies and population genetics research will help found qualitative genes and major-effect homeostasis genes for Fe and Zn, which purpose is to uncover the molecular mechanisms governing Fe and Zn regulation in staple crops. …”
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Climate change, agriculture, and adaptation options for Peru por Gianella, Cecilia, Chavez-Tafur, Jorge, Thomas, Timothy S.

“…Crop model analysis suggests that climate change will actually improve yields for rice, barley, wheat, cassava, and irrigated maize. …”
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Agricultural mechanization: Drivers and characteristics por Belton, Ben, Win, Myat Thida, Zhang, Xiaobo, Filipski, Mateusz J., Takeshima, Hiroyuki, Masias, Ian

“…We combine demand-side (farm household) and supply-side (agricultural machinery retailer) surveys implemented between 2016 and 2018 across two major agroecological zones—a deltaic rice-growing environment (the Delta) and a rainfed semiarid zone (the Dry Zone). …”
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Reflections on scaling impact: roadmap and insight on boosting Socio-Technical Innovation Bundles across Kenya por Nyamolo, Victor, Lutomia, Cosmas, Buono, Nicoletta, Ketema, Dessalegn, Gartaula, Hom, Waswa, Boaz S., Puskur, Ranjitha, Nchanji, Eileen

“…We invited champion farmers from the Kenya sites, extension advisory officers and researchers from the Kenya Agricultural Livestock (KALRO), CARE International, colleagues from the Alliance of Bioversity International and CIAT, International Rice Research Institute, Green Agro Solutions PLC, Afridev Economic Consulting Limited, Sustainably Growing Africa’s Food Systems (AGRA), Organic Fields, African Plant Nutrition Institute (APNI).…”
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Strategies for Speed Breeding in Crops to Accelerate Plant Improvement por Naglaa A, Abdallah, Hamwieh, Aladdin, Radwan, Khaled, Baum, Michael

“…Reports have highlighted the implementation of speed breeding techniques in crops like wheat, rice, barley, and maize. The substantial advantages of speed breeding in enhancing food security and building resilience against climate change are noteworthy. …”
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CTP synthase is essential for early endosperm development by regulating nuclei spacing por Yoon, Jinmi, Cho, Lae-Hyeon, Kim, Sung-Ryul, Tun, Win, Peng, Xin, Pasriga, Richa, Moon, Sunok, Hong, Woo-Jong, Ji, Hyeonso, Jung, Ki-Hong, Jeon, Jong-Seong, An, Gynheung

“…Nuclear division in early endosperm development plays a major role in determining seed size; however, this development is not well understood. We identified the rice mutant endospermless 2 (enl2), which shows defects in the early stages of endosperm development. …”
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Rodent management and cereal production in Asia: Balancing food security and conservation por Singleton, Grant R., Lorica, Renee P., Htwe, Nyo Me, Stuart, Alexander M.

“…The past decade has seen a strong focus on ecologically‐based rodent management (EBRM), its adoption in field studies significantly increased rice yields (6–15%) and income (>15%) in seven Asian countries. …”
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Capturing diversity and cultural drivers of food choice in eastern India por Samaddar, Arindam, Cuevas, Rosa Paula, Custodio, Marie Claire, Ynion, Jhoanne, Ray (Chakravarti), Anindita, Mohanty, Suva Kanta, Demont, Matty

“…To address this knowledge gap, we use expert elicitation to contextualize the “gastronomic systems research” framework to a target population of low-to middle-income households to capture the diversity and cultural drivers of food choice and its nutritional implications in rice-based diets in two states in eastern India. …”
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Best practices for paddy drying: case studies in Vietnam, Cambodia, Philippines, and Myanmar por Nguyen-Van-Hung, Tran-Van-Tuan, Meas, Pyseth, Tado, Caesar Joventino M., Kyaw, Myo Aung, Gummert, Martin

“…The study recommends paddy drying strategies in Southeast Asian countries that could be applied in other rice-production regions as well.…”
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