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Potential adoption and diffusion of improved dual-purpose cowpea in the dry savannas of Nigeria: an evaluation using a combination of participatory and structured approaches by Okike, Iheanacho, Kristjanson, Patricia M., Tarawali, Shirley A., Singh, B.B., Kruska, Russell L., Mounyong, V.M.

“…When compared to existing figures (about four million ha for all Nigeria) it could be concluded that the .area under cowpea in Nigeria is being underestimated along with the contributions of cowpea to food security and livelihoods. Finally, the results indicate that while improved dual-purpose varieties are preferred in more rural areas with less market access but where livestock seem to make a higher contribution to crop-livestock systems and livelihoods, both improved grain and dual-purpose cowpea varieties have evenly high adoption rates in areas with good access to markets. …”
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Linking livestock and natural resource management by International Livestock Research Institute

“…Stock densities are also lower in areas with more highly variable rainfall indicating that high variability reduces the number of livestock held, contrary to the oft-mentioned hypothesis that households build greater stockholdings in areas where rainfall is highly variable to survive a drought with more animals. Finally, results from the land allocation estimations give evidence to support the notion that more land is privatised either for crops or pasture where levels of co-operation are lower. …”
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Scaling up index insurance for smallholder farmers: Recent evidence and insights by Greatrex, Helen, Hansen, James, Garvin S, Diro, R., Le Guen M, Blakeley S, Rao, Kolli, Osgood, D.

“…With strong public and private sector support, the Mongolia Index-Based Livestock Insurance Project (IBLIP) insures more than 15,000 nomadic herders and links commercial insurance with a government disaster safety net. Finally, the Index-Based Livestock Insurance (IBLI) project in Kenya and Ethiopia demonstrates innovative approaches to insuring poor nomadic pastoralists in challenging circumstances. …”
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Fluoride exposure from groundwater as reflected by urinary fluoride and children's dental fluorosis in the Main Ethiopian Rift Valley by Rango, T., Vengosh, A., Jeuland, M., Tekle-Haimanot, R., Weinthal, E., Kravchenko, J., Paul, C., McCornick, Peter G.

“…We also observed differential prevalence (and severity) of DF and urinary concentration, across children exposed to similar F- concentrations in water, which highlights the importance of individual-specific factors in addition to the F- levels in drinking water. Finally, we investigated urinary F- in children from communities where defluoridation remediation was taking place. …”
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Honeybee production and marketing systems, constraints and opportunities in Burie District of Amhara Region, Ethiopia by Belie, T.

“…To sustain the beekeeping activity there should be introducing affordable and appropriate beekeeping technologies with all accessories, strengthening the appropriate beekeeping management practices, and finally mobilizing women and non beekeepers in to sub-sectors through training.…”
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What was the impact of dairy goats distributed by the Crop-Goat project in Tanzania? by Korir, Luke, Kidoido, Michael M., Teufel, Nils

“…We also find a significant increase in the food consumption score of the survey respondent in project households, but no significant effect on the consumption score of the index child. Finally, we see a significant increase in the respondent's frequency of consuming dairy products, though none for the index child. …”
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Working conditions and public health risks in slaughterhouses in western Kenya by Cook, Elizabeth A.J., Glanville, William A. de, Thomas, Lian F., Kariuki, S., Bronsvoort, B.M. de C., Fèvre, Eric M.

“…In addition, education of health care workers should highlight the increased risks of injury and disease in slaughterhouse workers. Finally, enhanced surveillance, targeting slaughterhouse workers could be used to detect disease outbreaks. …”
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Cassava program by International Center for Tropical Agriculture

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Estimating the between-farm transmission rates for highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5N1 epidemics in Bangladesh between 2007 and 2013 by Ssematimba, A., Okike, Iheanacho, Ahmed, G.M., Yamage, M., Boender, G.J., Hagenaars, T.J., Bett, Bernard K.

“…The change in β and R0 with time during the course of each epidemic wave was explored. Finally, sensitivity analyses of the effects of reducing the delay in detecting infection on a farm as well as extended infectiousness of a farm beyond the day of culling were assessed. …”
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Lessons learned from the virus indexing of Musa germplasm: insights from a multiyear collaboration by Clerck, Caroline de, Crew, K.S., Houwe, Ines van den, McMichael, L., Berhal, C., Lassois, L., Haissam Jijakli, M., Roux, N., Thomas, J., Massart, S.

“…An international collaborative effort launched under the auspices of Bioversity International (2007–2013) finally led to the implementation of a two‐step process to test the accessions. …”
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The rise and fall of rabies in Japan: A quantitative history of rabies epidemics in Osaka Prefecture, 1914–1933 by Kurosawa, A., Tojinbara, K., Kadowaki, H., Hampson, Karen J., Yamada, A., Makita, K.

“…Rabies in Osaka Prefecture was finally eliminated in 1933. A total of 3,805 rabid dog-bite injuries, and 75 human deaths were reported. …”
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From Market Demand to Breeding Decisions: A Framework by Ragot, Michel, Bonierbale, Merideth W., Weltzien, Eva

“…Any demands, including gender-specific ones, must be realistic, well documented and agreed upon in order for a breeding program to be successful. Finally, the objectives and priorities of a breeding program must be defined in a way that ensures delivery of significant (measurable, visible) value to its stakeholders. …”
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Land-use dynamics influence estimates of carbon sequestration potential in tropical second-growth forest by Schwartz, N.B., Uriarte, M.A, DeFries, Ruth S., Gutiérrez Vélez, Victor Hugo, Pinedo Vasquez, M.

“…Forest age was the strongest predictor of clearing probability and suggests a threshold response of clearing probability to age. Finally, we simulated future trajectories of carbon sequestration using the parameters from our models. …”
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Socioeconomic and environmental effects of China's Conversion of Cropland to Forest Program after 15 years: a systematic review protocol by Gutiérrez Rodríguez, L., Hogarth, N.J., Zhou, W., Putzel, L., Xie Chen, Zhang, Kun.

“…Extraction of data from those studies that have passed full-text screening will follow a coding protocol based on the PICO framework, and quantitative and qualitative analyses of the extracted data will be conducted and synthesized. Finally, a narrative report will present the findings of the review, alongside a geographic map illustrating the coverage of included studies compared with the actual implementation area of the CCFP.…”
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Skill of Rainfall Statistics during Summer over West Africa using the Multi Model Ensemble Output, 1983-2015 by Ndiaye, Ousmane

“…We present all skills and the model approach used. Finally, an example of real time forecast is presented for the March-April-May (MAM) season and April-Mary-June (AMJ) season in 2018. …”
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Potential of ethyleneproducing pseudomonads in combination with effective N2fixing bradyrhizobial strains as supplements to legume rotation for the control of Striga hermonthica by Ahonsi, M.O., Berner, D.K., Emechebe, A.M., Lagoke, S.T.O., Sanginga, N.

“…Striga hermonthica seeds germinate only if adequately conditioned and exogenous stimulant initiates ethylene production within the seed, or if ethylene is directly supplied to the conditioned seed.Since S. hermonthica is an obligate root parasite, stimulating the seeds to germinate in the absence of the host plants results in seedlings that die within 3–4 days (suicidal germination).Soil injection with ethylene gas is a proven method of eliminating Striga spp.seed reserves in soils, but its cost and potential hazard limit its use in Africa.Use of legume cultivars selected for their ability to cause suicidal germination of S. hermonthica seeds in rotation with cereal host is feasible, but effective reduction of parasite seeds in field soils normally requires several seasons of the legume crop.In this study, ethyleneproducing strains of Pseudomonas sp.in combination with N2-fixing Bradyrhizobia japonicum strains were evaluated in pots as a supplement to legume rotation for S. hermonthica control.Co-inoculating cowpea cv.IT93K-637-1 or soybean cv.SAMSOY-2 with Pseudomonas fluorescens/Pseudomonas putida isolates that do not produce ethylene and with B. japonicum isolates either enhanced or had no effect on nodulation compared with B. japonicum alone.Co-inoculating cowpea or soybean with ethylene-producing Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea (Psg) and B. japonicum strains did not affect nodulation.While one or two preceding crops of cowpea or soybean reduced S. hermonthica parasitism on subsequent maize crops, the reductions were significantly improved by coinoculating cowpea or soybean with Psg and B. japonicum strains.Psg and B. japonicum may have reduced S. hermonthica parasitism on maize by causing suicidal germination of S. hermonthica seeds and enhancing N2-fixation.Results indicate that co-inoculating cowpea or soybean with ethylene-producing rhizosphere competent pseudomonads and N2-fixing bradyrhizobia has potential to increase the effectiveness of legume rotation in reducing S. hermonthica parasitism on subsequent maize crops. 2003 Elsevier Science (USA).All rights reserved.…”
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Effectiveness of rhizobia nodulating recent promiscuous soyabean selections in the moist savanna of Nigeria by Sanginga, P., Thottappilly, G., Dashiell, Kenton E.

“…Soyabean line 1456-2E showed improved growth and yield in response to N fertilizer application indicating that in this line N2 fixation induced by the indigenous bradyrhizobial community supplied less than optimal amounts of N. …”
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Options for soil organic carbon maintenance under intensive cropping in the West African savanna by Diels, J., Lyasse, O., Sanginga, N., Vanlauwe, Bernard, Aihou, K., Iwuafor, E.N.O., Merckx, Roel, Deckers, J.

“…Furthermore, we found that increases in CEC and pH-buffer capacity through SOC buildup can be justified only in a limited number of soils where the mineral fraction in the topsoil provides very little buffering. Finally, we used a response-curve approach to single out the various benefits from organic matter inputs and to look at interactions with mineral fertilizers. …”
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Effects of the antiparastic moxidectin on non target organisms by García, Andrés, Eichberg, Carsten, Diekötter, Tim, Donath, Tobias W.

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Estimación de eficiencia económica de los sistemas lecheros pampeanos by Pace Guerrero, Ignacio Raul, Gastaldi, Laura Beatriz

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