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Rice responses to rising temperatures – challenges, perspectives and future directions by Jagadish, S.V.K., Murty, M. V. R., Quick, W. Paul

“…This review addresses (1) the importance of vapour pressure deficit under fully flooded paddies and increased vulnerability of rice production to heat stress or intermittent occurrence of combined heat and drought stress under emerging water‐saving rice technologies; (2) the major disconnect with high night temperature response between field and controlled environments in terms of spikelet sterility; (3) highlights the most important mechanisms that affect key grain quality parameters, such as chalk formation under heat stress; and finally (4), we model and estimate heat stress‐induced spikelet sterility taking South Asia as a case study.…”
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Barriers to using market intelligence in plant breeding: Evidence from a survey of breeding professionals by Rice, Brendan, Kramer, Berber, Trachtman, Carly

“…Specifically, we find that breeding team attitudes on who should be involved in breeding programs may be limiting the move to more transdisciplinary approaches and that current institutional incentive structures may not incentivize the use of market intelligence in breeding decisions. Finally, we discuss ways forward in scaling the more systematic use of market intelligence in breeding decision-making.…”
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Conservation agriculture in Morocco: review and analysis for the resilience of the cereal system on 1 million hectares by 2030 by Moussadek, Rachid, Laghrour, Malika, Kadiri, Kenza, Mrabet, Rachid

“…This chapter summarizes (i) the main research findings on this system in relation to soil health and water management, (ii) the major advantages in relation to crop diversification and productivity, (iii) ) the challenges to be raised to ensure its dissemination among farmers in Morocco and (iv) finally present the vision of the national program to promote direct seeding on 1 Million Ha by 2030.…”
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Impact of global cotton markets on rural poverty in Benin by Minot, Nicholas, Daniels, Lisa

“…Under the assumptions of the partial input‐output model, we estimate the multiplier to be in the range of 2.96, meaning that 1 US$ of reduced income by cotton growers results in a contraction of 2.96 US$ in overall income. Finally, econometric analysis of the determinants of the demand for hired agricultural labor suggests that falling cotton prices will not greatly reduce labor demand since the labor intensity of cotton is similar to that of competing crops in Benin. …”
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Is small beautiful? farm size, productivity and poverty in Asian agriculture by Fan, Shenggen, Chan-Kang, Connie

“…Moreover, promoting diversification in the production of high‐value commodities can play an important role in raising the small‐holders' income. Finally, policies that facilitate urban–rural migration and promote the development of the rural nonfarm sector are essential to help alleviate poverty among small‐farm households and among the rural poor in general.…”
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Digital Ecosystem for Rice Activity Monitoring and Reporting (RiceMoRe) by Yen, Bui Tan

“…Since its initiation in 2018, the system has undergone continuous development and is set to be evaluated, finalized, and officially transferred to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) for national management in 2024. …”
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Social interaction and geographic diffusion of iron-biofortified beans in Rwanda by Funes, Jose, Sun, Laixiang, Sedano, Fernando, Baiocchi, Giovanni, Benson, Todd

“…Second, strengthening partnerships with delivery agents and extensionists should stimulate the adoption of IBB varieties. And finally, technology-promotion programs that consider progressive farmers and strengthen social interactions and group activities among peer networks should increase the spread of information and diffusion of IBB.…”
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Diversity and diversification in banana: How in silico chromosome painting opens new perspectives for the conservation of an iconic fruit by Sardos, Julie

“…These findings also constitutes a first path towards a wider and wiser use of banana genetic resources in breeding, notably through the selection of targeted ancestral genomic regions in breeding lines parents. Finally, these discoveries could also trigger the direct use of existing banana genetic resources to buffer the effects of climate change on traditional agrosystems.…”
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Ecology for tropical forest management by Sheil, Douglas, Heist, M. van

“…Increasing threats from fire, exotic species and habitat fragmentation are identified. Finally, the difficult balance between timber production and conservation related values is discussed. …”
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Crops and climate change: progress, trends, and challenges in simulating impacts and informing adaptation by Challinor, Andrew J., Ewert, Frank, Arnold, S., Simelton, Elisabeth, Fraser E

“…Specific advances include ensemble simulations and improved understanding of biophysical processes. Finally, the challenges associated with impacts and adaptation research are discussed. …”
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Building high-performance knowledge institutions for water management by International Water Management Institute

“…but not sufficient?to achieve success. Finally, the study recommends a complete relaunch of under-achieving institutions, with new NGO staff and a fresh mandate.…”
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Modeling inland valley suitability for rice cultivation by Masoud, J., Agyare, Wilson Agyei, Forkuor, Gerald, Namara, Regassa E., Ofori, E.

“…A sensitivity analysis was carried out by excluding the least contributing parameters and varying their weights to determine highly suitable areas. Finally, 12 most sensitive input parameters were identified from the original 22. …”
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Transboundary aquifer mapping and management in Africa: a harmonised approach by Altchenko, Yvan, Villholth, Karen G.

“…The map shows that TBAs represent approximately 42 % of the continental area and 30 % of the population. Finally, a brief review of current international law, specific bi- or multilateral treaties, and TBA management practice in Africa reveals little documented international conflicts over TBAs. …”
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Isolation, identification, antimicrobial susceptibility test and public awareness of Salmonella on raw goat meat at Dire Dawa Municipal Abattoir, eastern Ethiopia by Ferede, B.

“…Thus, urgent intervention program is essential to minimize the risk associated with consumption of goat meat contaminated with Salmonella. Finally, the authors recommended that the use of standardized procedures in slaughtering and handling of goat meat, provision of training on best practice of handling of meat for handlers and raising the level of awareness of people.…”
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Photosynthesis of cassava (Manihot esculenta) by El-Sharkawy, Mabrouk A., Cock, James H.

“…Cassava leaves have low photorespiration, low CO2 compensation point, high percentage of carbon fixation in C4 acids and a high PEP-carboxylase activity (15 35% of that in maize), but cassava does not have the typical C4-Kranz anatomy. …”
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Animal agriculture in Africa - socio-economic issues by Smalley, M.E.

“…Research and extension systems must take account of these problems. Finally the paper argues that all levels of the educational process in sub-Saharan Africa must get agriculture and practical aspects of agriculture into the curricula. …”
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Biological properties of bovine immunoglobulins and systemic antibody responses by Musoke, A.J., Rurangirwa, F.R., Nantulya, V.M.

“…There are minimal differences between IgG<sub>1 and IgG<sub>2 in complement fixation, ability to mediate passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, phagocytosis of coated erythrocytes by cultured monocytes and precipitation of antigens bearing unique determinants, such as ovalbumin. …”
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Programmes of the International Livestock Research Institute and their impact on human health by Smalley, M.E.

“…The work has wider relevance for other infectious diseases, including those of man. Finally the paper describes ILRI's work showing that human nutritional status may be used as reliable non-economic indicators of the effects of improving control over animal diseases. …”
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Climate Change Adaptation Policy in Ghana: Priorities for the Agriculture Sector by Sova, Chase, Chaudhury AS, Nelson, W., Nutsukpo, D.K., Zougmoré, Robert B.

“…Power and influence dynamics between actors in Ghana’s climate change adaptation regime are discussed in the following section and the results of a Multilevel Stakeholder Influence Mapping (MSIM) exercise are provided. Finally, a discussion of key challenges and recommendations are provided, as identified through semi-structured interviews with actors across the country’s adaptation regime.…”
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Food sustainability: problems, perspectives and solutions by Garnett, Tara

“…This paper considers these perspectives in turn, their implications for nutrition and climate change, and their strengths and weaknesses. Finally, an argument is made for a reorientation of policy thinking which uses the insights provided by all three perspectives, rather than, as is the situation today, privileging one over the other.…”
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