Search Results - EHESS~

The changing nature of human-forced hydroclimatic risks across Africa by Schlosser, C. Adam, Sokolov, Andrei, Gao, Xiang, Thomas, Timothy S., Strzepek, Ken

“…These future ensemble scenarios consider a range of global actions to abate emissions through the 21st century. We evaluate distributions of surface-air temperature and precipitation change. …”
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A review of forest-food linkages in Kenya by Pham, T.T., Jane, M., Tran, N.M.H., Nguyen, T.T.A., Nguyen, T.V.A., Nguyen, T.S., Nguyen, D.Y.K., Nguyen, D.T., Dibo, D., Elmah, O., Francis, K.

“…Assessing how effective current policies are for addressing deforestation and forest degradation, and for low-emission food systems, will require further research across the country and should become a future research priority in Kenya.…”
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Potential markets for forage hybrids in East Africa by Junca Paredes, Jhon Jairo, Flórez, Jesús Fernando, Enciso, Karen, Hernández, Luis Miguel, Triana Ángel, Natalia, Burkart, Stefan

“…In addition, they contribute to reducing methane emissions and use nitrogen more efficiently, which translates into a reduced use of chemical fertilizers, cost savings, and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. …”
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Achieving healthy and sustainable food environments for all by Fan, Shenggen

“…Agriculture and food systems contribute up to 29 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions (Vermeulen et al., 2012). Overall, food systems are pushing planetary boundaries in terms of greenhouse gas emissions, resource use and degradation. …”
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Agriculture and climate change: Monitoring, reporting, and verification methodologies for agriculture, forestry, and other land use by Smukler, Sean, Palm, Cheryl

“…With relatively small investments, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions could be offset dramatically by management practices such as planting trees, reducing deforestation, midseason draining of irrigated rice, improving nitrogen fertilization efficiency, and increasing organic matter inputs to agricultural soils. …”
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Agriculture and climate change: The importance of property rights in climate change mitigation by Markelova, Helen, Meinzen-Dick, Ruth S.

“…Even where property rights are vested in a formal legal system with strong enforcement procedures, climate change mitigation measures raise new issues of who owns incremental carbon stocks and who should receive compensation for reductions in GHG emissions.…”
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Best practices for paddy drying: case studies in Vietnam, Cambodia, Philippines, and Myanmar by Nguyen-Van-Hung, Tran-Van-Tuan, Meas, Pyseth, Tado, Caesar Joventino M., Kyaw, Myo Aung, Gummert, Martin

“…Nevertheless, the energy consumption and GHG emission of the solar bubble dryer are lower by more than 50% than that of other practices. …”
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From crisis to opportunity: climate change benefits livestock production in Somalia by Hussein, Jaabir, Bilotto, Franco, Sircely, Jason, Mbui, Damaris, Omondi, Philip, Sofia, S.C., Shah, Fahad, Harrison, T.M.

“…Under the higher emissions scenario (SSP585), farm profits were higher, ranging from 23% to 42% above baseline profits, largely due to greater pasture production and lower requirements for supplementary feed. …”
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Modelling the current and future agro-ecological distribution potential of Mexican prickly poppy (Argemone mexicana L.) invasive alien plant species in South Wollo, Ethiopia by Teklegiorgis, Shewakena, Belayneh, Anteneh, Gebermeskel, Kidane, Akomolafe, Gbenga Festus, Dejene, Sintayehu W.

“…Suitability will be increased after LUCC and climate change except the SSP5–8.5 2070 emission scenario. It will be highest under SSP1–2.6, 2050, and SSP2–4.5, 2070 emission scenarios possessing 28.67% and 28% suitability class, respectively. …”
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Economic assessment of sustainable management approaches and technologies in agriculture: A systematic literature review by Hettiarachchi, Upeksha, Zhang, Wei, Suh, Neville, Lan, Grace

“…Agricultural activities contribute nearly 30 – 35% of GHG emissions, mainly due to livestock farming, deforestation, rice farming, and direct emissions from fertilized soils. …”
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Economic values for production and functional traits in Holstein cattle of Costa Rica by Vargas, B., Groen, A.F., Herrero, Mario, Arendonk, Johan A.M. van

“…Economic values for production traits (carrier, fat, protein, and dressing percentage) and functional traits (conception rate, survival rate, body weight, and rumen capacity) were calculated for Holstein cattle of Costa Rica. …”
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Forest carbon and local livelihoods: assessment of opportunities and policy recommendations by Smith, J., Scherr, Sara J.

“…Projects implemented as part of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) of the Kyoto Protocol will have the dual mandate of mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and contributing to sustainable development. …”
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Climate change mitigation: should “avoided deforestation” be rewarded? by Pirard, R., Karsenty, A.

“…This mechanism, known as “avoided deforestation,” would benefit developing countries that voluntarily reduce their deforestation rates, thereby generating at least two positive impacts: (a) an increase in the financial resources available to curb tropical deforestation, with expected positive side effects on biodiversity conservation, the environmental services provided by these forests, and sustainable development as a whole; and (b) a greater effectiveness of the global fight against climate change, because tropical deforestation contributes extensively to world carbon emissions. Several proposals were designed for such a mechanism, yet their implementation poses significant methodological problems: first, sophisticated tools available to measure the reduction of emissions might be ineffective when combined with baselines on a national level; secondly, baselines calculated ex ante lack accuracy because of insufficient knowledge concerning the direct and underlying causes of deforestation; thirdly, baselines calculated ex post lack legitimacy because they only refer to past trends; and fourthly, it is challenging to relate a reduction in deforestation rates to public policy options in the host country.Drawing lessons from our analysis of the methodological problems for the implementation of the mechanism, we recommend not promoting any mechanism based on financial rewards for an assumed voluntary reduction of national tropical deforestation rates. …”
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Global food demand and the sustainable intensification of agriculture by Tilman, D., Balzer, C, Hill, J, Befort, BL

“…If current trends of greater agricultural intensification in richer nations and greater land clearing (extensification) in poorer nations were to continue, ∼1 billion ha of land would be cleared globally by 2050, with CO2-C equivalent greenhouse gas emissions reaching ∼3 Gt y−1 and N use ∼250 Mt y−1 by then. …”
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Reducing uncertainty in nitrogen budgets for African livestock systems by Rufino, Mariana C., Brandt, P., Herrero, Mario, Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus

“…Major uncertainties originate in the fraction of manure managed, and emission factors which may not reflect the situation of Africa. …”
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Climate change in the south american monsoon system: present climate and CMIP5 projections by Jones, C., Carvalho, Leila M. V.

“…Changes in the SAMS are investigated with the gridded precipitation, Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR), and the fifth phase of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) simulations for two scenarios [“historical” and high-emission representative concentration pathways (rcp8.5)]. …”
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Modeling the effect of a heat wave on maize production in the USA and its implications on food security in the developing world by Chung, U., Gbegbelegbe, Sika, Shiferaw, Bekele, Robertson, Richard D., Yun JI, Tesfaye Fantaye, Kindie, Hoogenboom, Gerrit, Sonder, Kai

“…If the weather extreme were to occur under the A1B emission scenario in the 2050s respectively, average grain yields would decrease by 38% and 57%, under the CSIRO-Mk3.0 and MIROC 3.2 global climate models, respectively.…”
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Carcass composition evaluation of sheep grazed on Kikuyu grass (Pennisetum clandestinum) in high altitude area of Kenya by Wachira, J.D., Kamau, C.R., Chemitei, V.C.C., Muia, J.K., Gichuru, W.N.

“…The highly significant variables (p<0.01) consisted of farm live weight; empty body weight hot and cold dressed carcass weights. The significant variables (P<0.05) were wet digesta and gut trimmings. …”
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Achieving CO2 Reductions In Colombia: Effects of Carbon Taxes and Abatement Targets by Calderón, Silvia L, Álvarez, Andrés Camilo, Loboguerrero Rodriguez, Ana María, Arango, Santiago, Calvin, Katherine, Kober, Tom, Daenzer, Kathryn, Fisher-Vanden, Karen

“…In this paper we investigate CO2 emission scenarios for Colombia and the effects of implementing carbon taxes and abatement targets on the energy system. …”
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Climate-Determined Suitability of the Water Saving Technology "Alternate Wetting and Drying" in Rice Systems: A Scalable Methodology demonstrated for a Province in the Philippines by Nelson, Andrew, Wassmann, Reiner, Sander, Björn Ole, Palao, Leo K.

“…AWD also reduces methane emissions produced by anaerobic archae and hence has applications for reducing water use and greenhouse gas emissions. …”
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