Resultados de búsqueda - "natural selection"

Genetic resistance to endoparasites in sheep and goats. A review of genetic resistance to gastrointestinal nematode parasites in sheep and goats in the tropics and evidence for res... por Baker, R.L.

“…This difference in heritability suggests that many centuries of natural selection have fixed most of the genes for resistance in the Red Maasai sheeThe resistant Red Maasai sheep and SEA goats were two to three times more productive than the susceptible Dorper sheep and Galla goats in the sub-humid coastal Kenya environment.…”
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Genomic analysis of Nigerian indigenous chickens reveals their genetic diversity and adaptation to heat-stress por Rachman, M.P., Bamidele, O., Dessie, Tadelle, Smith, J., Hanotte, Olivier H., Gheyas, A.A.

“…Their adaptive characteristics are in response to natural selection or to artificial selection for production traits that have left selection signatures in the genome. …”
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Extrem hundavel : ett välfärdsproblem för dagens rashundar por Persson, Sofia, Sundström, Lisa

“…When humans start to choose which animal to breed from, so called artificial selection, taste is put before function and the laws of nature, the natural selection, cease to apply. During this development, pedigree dogs have gone towards more and more extreme exterior characteristics and the dogs may have inherited various, more or less, severe problems for example compromised vision, impaired ability to move and difficulties to breathe. …”

Coconut palms on the edge of the desert: genetic diversity of Cocos nucifera L. in Oman por Perera, L., Baudouin, L., Bourdeix, Roland, Bait Fadhil, A., Hountondji, F.C.C., Al-Shanfri, A.

“…Hypotheses about the ancestry of the Oman Tall coconuts are discussed; two genepools are indicated, consecutively involving natural selection, dissemination by floating, domestic selection and dispersal by boat.…”
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Occurrence of dystocia among free-ranging giraffes (Giraffa spp.) in Kenya por Gakuya, F., Ndeereh, D., Lekolool, I., Muchina, I., Akoko, James M., Kock, R.

“…Dystocia, a complication that occurs at parturition, either due to fetal or maternal factors, is uncommon in wild ungulate species because of natural selection against predisposed individuals. Among giraffes, reports of dystocia are rare in free-ranging populations across Africa. …”
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Agricultural biodiversity in Southern Brazil: integrating efforts for conservation and use of neglected and underutilized species por Barbieri, R.L., Costa Gomes, J.C., Alercia, A., Padulosi, S.

“…Many of these species are sources of genes that convey tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, as a result of the combined action of natural selection and artificial selection by farmers in agricultural systems with low inputs and diverse environmental conditions. …”
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Genome variation in tick infestation and cryptic divergence in Tunisian indigenous sheep por Ahbara, Abulgasim, Khbou, Médiha Khamassi, Romdhane, Rihab, Sassi, Limam, Gharbi, Mohamed, Haile, Aynalem, Rekik, Mourad, Rischkowsky, Barbara, Mwacharo, Joram

“…We also observed RAB6B and TF in a high confidence candidate region that has been associated with growth traits suggesting natural selection is enhancing growth and developmental stability under tick challenge. …”
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Codon usage provide insights into the adaptation of rice genes under stress condition por Tyagi, Swati, Kabade, Pramod Gorakhanath, Gnanapragasam, Niranjani, Singh, Uma Maheshwar, Gurjar, Anoop Kishor Singh, Rai, Ashutosh, Sinha, Pallavi, Kumar, Arvind, Singh, Vikas Kumar

“…Additionally, downregulated genes are under mutational pressure (R2 ≥ 0.5) while upregulated genes are under natural selection pressure (R2 ≤ 0.5). Based on these results, we also identified the possible target codons that can be used to design an optimized set of genes with specific codons to develop climate-resilient varieties. …”
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African livestock genetic resources and sustainable breeding strategies: Unlocking a treasure trove and guide for improved productivity por Ibeagha-Awemu, E.M., Peters, S.O., Djikeng, Appolinaire, Rege, J.E.O.

“…It fosters the utilization of genetic resources and the protection of indigenous livestock biodiversity. Natural selection and humans have generated genetically diverse breeds of domesticated farm animals which can significantly contribute to the livelihoods of millions of Africans today. …”
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Blending "hard" and "soft" science: The "follow-the-technology" approach to catalyzing and evaluating technology change por Douthwaite, Boru, Haan, Nicoline C. de, Manyong, Victor M., Keatinge, J.D.H.

“…The FTT approach is built on an analogy between technology change and Darwinian evolution, specifically between "learning selection" and natural selection. In learning selection, stakeholders experiment with a new technology and carry out the evolutionary roles of novelty generation, selection, and promulgation. …”
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Patterns on nucleotide diversity in Meisa1 and G3PHD in wild and cultivated cassava por Beyene, D., Mukasa, S.B., Jansson, C., Villiers, Etienne P. de, Ferguson, Morag E., Rabbi, Ismail Y., Kyamanywa, S., Sebuliba, J., Baguma, Yona K.

“…This may indicate the importance for isoamylase1 in starch quality traits in cassava, a trait that is likely to have been the target for artificial selection by farmers and breeders, in addition to natural selection. This study also suggests that G3pdh may be a good marker for phylogeny study while Meisa1 may be useful for intra and inter-cultivar diversity studies. …”
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Resistant E. coli isolated from smallholder pig farms in Lira, Uganda por Selling, Kristin

“…The acquired resistance is driven by natural selection and use of antibiotic drugs. Therefore, the use of antibiotics must be controlled, especially the treatment of animals. …”

Ancestral haplotype mapping for GWAS and detection of signatures of selection in admixed dairy cattle of Kenya por Aliloo, H., Mrode, Raphael A., Okeyo Mwai, Ally, Gibson, John P.

“…This population has been subject to natural selection in response to environmental stresses such as harsh climate, low quality feeds, poor management and strong disease challenge. …”
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Processes underpinning development and maintenance of diversity in rice in West Africa: evidence from combining morphological and molecular markers por Mokuwa, A., Nuijten, E., Okry, F., Teeken, Béla, Maat, H., Richards, P., Struik, P.C.

“…We assessed the interplay of artificial and natural selection in rice adaptation in low-input farming systems in West Africa. …”
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Pilot study to screen alleles under selection related to drought tolerance in banana por Breton, Catherine, Cenci, Alberto, Roux, Nicolas, Rouard, Mathieu, Carpentier, Sebastien

“…The nonsynonymous and synonymous substitution rates (Ka/Ks) indicate the direction of natural selection. The prediction of both positive (diverging) and negative (purifying) selection pressure on genes could provide the picture detail of evolutionary selection pressure linked to the allele dosage.…”
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Lateral transfers of large DNA fragments spread functional genes among grasses por Dunning, Luke T., Olofsson, Jill K., Parisod, Christian, Choudhury, Rimjhim Roy, Moreno-Villena, Jose J., Yang, Yang, Dionora, Jacqueline, Quick, W. Paul, Park, Minkyu, Bennetzen, Jeffrey L., Besnard, Guillaume, Nosil, Patrik, Osborne, Colin P., Christin, Pascal-Antoine

“…A fundamental tenet of multicellular eukaryotic evolution is that vertical inheritance is paramount, with natural selection acting on genetic variants transferred from parents to offspring. …”
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Characterization of Salmonella isolates obtained from pigs slaughtered at Wambizzi Abattoir in Kampala, Uganda por Tinega, G.M., Magiri, E., Kinyua, J., Njahira, Moses N., Erume, J., Ejobi, F., Tegule, S., Mutua, Florence K.

“…Data analysis using Codonbased Test of Neutrality analysis between sequences revealed P-value less than 0.05, an indication of strong forces of natural selection pressure acting at the sequence type level. …”
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Genotyping of whole genome amplified reduced representation libraries reveals a cryptic population of Culicoides brevitarsis in the Northern Territory, Australia por Onyango, M.G., Aitken, N.C., Jack, C., Chuah, A., Oguya, J., Djikeng, Appolinaire, Kemp, Stephen J., Bellis, G.A., Nicholas, A., Walker, P.J., Duchemin, J.B.

“…The presence of sub-structure in populations and loci under natural selection indicates the need for further investigation of the role of vectors in shaping the two Australian systems of BTV transmission. …”
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Blending hard and soft science: the Follow the Technology approach to analyzing and evaluating technology change por Douthwaite, Boru, Haan, Nicoline C. de, Manyong, Victor M., Keatinge, J.D.H.

“…The FTT approach is built on an analogy between technology change and Darwinian evolution, specifically between "learning selection" and natural selection. In learning selection, stakeholders experiment with a new technology and carry out the evolutionary roles of novelty generation, selection, and promulgation. …”
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Genome-wide scan reveals divergent selection among taurine and zebu cattle populations from different regions por Edea, Zewdu, Dadi, H., Dessie, Tadelle, Uzzaman, M.R., Rothschild, Max F., Kim, E.S., Sonstegard, T.S., Kim, K.S.

“…The results of our study may shed light on the influence of artificial and natural selection in shaping the genomic diversity of modern cattle breeds and also may serve as a basis for further genetic investigation of traits of tropical adaptation in cattle.…”
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