Resultados de búsqueda - "marginalism"

Achieving food security and industrial development in Malawi: Are export restrictions the solution? por Aragie, Emerta A., Pauw, Karl, Pernechele, Valentina

“…The policy is further associated with welfare losses among rural households, while urban non-poor households benefit marginally.…”
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Increasing social-ecological resilience within small-scale agriculture in conflict-affected Guatemala por Hellin, Jon, Ratner, Blake D., Meinzen-Dick, Ruth S., Lopez-Ridaura, Santiago

“…The challenge of increasing social-ecological resilience in small-scale agriculture is particularly acute in the socioeconomically and agroecologically marginalized Western Highlands of Guatemala. Not only is climate change a threat to agriculture in this region, but adaptation strategies are challenged by the context of a society torn apart by decades of violent conflict. …”
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Impact of India’s National Food Security Act on domestic and international rice markets por Debnath, Deepayan, Babu, Suresh Chandra, Ghosh, Parijat, Helmer, Michael

“…The program requires that 33.6 million metric tons of rice per year be distributed to the marginalized rural and urban populations of the country. …”
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Linking smallholder farmers to commercial markets: Evidence from nongovernmental organization training in Nicaragua por Ebata, Ayako, Hernandez, Manuel A.

“…We find that the two market-linkage training activities had opposite effects on the commercialization of beans, especially on the intensive margin or volume of sales. While receiving direct training on entrepreneurial practices is positively associated with sales in commercial markets, training on municipality engagement (ME) activities is negatively associated. …”
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Measuring women’s disempowerment in agriculture in Pakistan por Ahmad, Nuzhat, Khan, Huma

“…Few studies in Pakistan measure the multiple dimensions of empowerment along which women are marginalized or disenfranchised, particularly in the country’s rural areas. …”
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Political economy of the 2014 farm bill por Orden, David, Zulauf, Carl

“…The role of insurance is enhanced, notably by replacing past support programs with a new upland cotton revenue insurance program and dairy milk‐to‐feed margin protection program. Open policy issues that are highlighted include the costs and distortionary effects of moving‐average revenue benchmarks versus fixed reference prices, the overall level of insurance premium subsidies, the potential for overlap between commodity and insurance programs, and lastly, food, environmental, and biofuels concerns that reflect the diverse portfolio of products demanded from agriculture. …”
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Supply-side dynamics of chickpeas and pigeon peas in India por Inbasekar, Kalimuthu, Roy, Devesh, Joshi, Pramod Kumar

“…Notwithstanding the turnaround in pulses in the past three to four years, pulses have been moving increasingly to marginal unirrigated areas. The econometric results based on fixed-effects estimation establish that as irrigation becomes available there is a switch away from pulses toward competing crops. …”
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The Bali Agreement: An assessment from the perspective of developing countries por Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio, Laborde Debucquet, David

“…Besides the specific substance of the agreements and decisions, a general important consideration is that, given the fears that a failure in Bali would have led to further fragmentation of the global trading system and the marginalization of many developing countries due to increasing imbalances in negotiating power, the Bali agreements and the November 2014 decision reinforce the WTO as the multilateral anchor of the global trade system. …”
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Education and work incentives for frontline workers and household socioeconomic status influence delivery of health and nutrition interventions in Bihar, India por Avula, Rasmi, Kosec, Katrina, Holtemeyer, Brian, Tyagi, Parul, Hausladen, Stephanie, Menon, Purnima

“…Supply side determinants varied by outcome: incentives for FLW were marginally positively associated (p<0.1) with immunization; FLW living outside their service areas was negatively associated with FS to HH (p<0.1); FLW education (p<0.05), use of pregnancy registers (p<0.05) and incentives (p<0.05) were positively associated with PCI. …”
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Mapping the decision-making factors of small-scale fishers: a case study of Penang por Gao, Tianlin

“…The study also highlights a strong desire among fishers for public participation, spurred by political marginalization. Additionally, the local context such as community network and institutions significantly influence their decisions. …”
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Old problems in the new solutions? Politically motivated allocation of program benefits and the "new" fertilizer subsidies por Banful, Afua Branoah

“…Higher numbers of vouchers were targeted to districts that the ruling party had lost in the previous presidential elections and more so in districts that had been lost by a higher margin. A district received 2 percent more vouchers for each percentage point by which the ruling party had lost the previous presidential election - this amount is both statistically and numerically significant. …”
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Review of literature on agricultural productivity, social capital and food security in Nigeria por Liverpool-Tasie, Lenis Saweda, Kuku, Oluyemisi, Ajibola, Akeem

“…Also, while many farming enterprises are profitable, profit margins are generally low. The vast majority of Nigerians are reported to be food insecure as revealed by studies on availability, utilization, and access to food. …”
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Toward integrated dam assessment: Evaluating multi-dimensional impacts of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on Sudan por Basheer, Mohammed, Siddig, Khalid, Elnour, Zuhal, Ahmed, Mosab O. M., Ringler, Claudia

“…Results indicate positive impacts for hydropower generation and flood control, marginal benefits for water supply to existing irrigation, and negative consequences for brick production and the construction sector. …”
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Adaptation to drought/delayed rainfall in rice cultivation, Bihar, India. por Munshi, Sugandha, Samaddar, Arindam, Srivastava, Amit, Urfels, Anton, Patil, Vikram, Sherpa, Sonam, Bhanjdeo, Arunditha, Veettil, Prakashan Chellattan, Malik, R. K., Craufurd, Peter Q., Kumar, Virender

“…For example, in the big farmers household no female members were involved in the agriculture operations on the field and on the other hand the involvement of female members of small and marginal farmers are quite common. In general children’s engagement in agriculture was found very limited and that too mainly carrying meals to the farm.…”
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Costing the conservation of genetic resources: CIMMYT's ex situ maize and wheat collection por Pardey, Philip G., Koo, Bonwoo, Wright, Brian D., Van Dusen, M. Eric, Skovmand, Bent, Taba, Suketoshi

“…In this study, we compile and use a set of cost data for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.), stored in the CIMMYT genebank to address a number of questions. The marginal costs of holding an existing accession for one more year are presented, along with the costs of conserving saved seed for the life of the genebank (taken here to be 40 yr), and in perpetuity We also investigated the scale economies evident in the CIMMYT genebank operation as a basis for assessing the economics of consolidating several genebanks. …”
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Spatial patterns of crop yields in Latin America and the Caribbean por Wood, Stanley, You, Liangzhi, Zhang, Xiaobo

“…We test three hypotheses that might help account for this finding: that technology generation has been biased towards production in more-favored production systems leaving behind persistent pockets of production in more marginal lands; that rainfall patterns have changed in ways that exacerbate yield divergence, and that technology spillover across borders remains more problematic than within-country spillover. …”
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Fish as food: projections to 2020 under different scenarios por Delgado, Christopher L., Rosegrant, Mark W., Wada, Nikolas, Meijer, Siet, Ahmed, Mahfuzuddin

“…Global per capita fish consumption is projected to be 17.1 kg in 2020, with sensitivity analysis indicating a margin of 2 kg/capita either way based on extreme scenarios for capture and aquaculture. …”
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An approach to the optimal allocation of conservation funds to minimize loss of genetic diversity between livestock breeds por Simianer, H., Marti, S., Gibson, John P., Hanotte, Olivier H., Rege, J.E.O.

“…Highest priority is given to breeds, for which the ‘conservation potential’, that is, the product of extinction probability and marginal diversity is maximum, and these are not necessarily the most endangered breeds. …”
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Land tenurial systems and the adoption of Mucuna planted fallow in the derived savannas of West Africa por Manyong, Victor M., Houndékon, Victorin A.

“…Results from three variants of a probit model indicated that security over land was among the factors that significantly affect the adoption of the technology, with a high marginal effect on the probability of adoption, while gender did not have a significant effect. …”
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Prospects for growth and poverty reduction in Zambia, 2001-2015 por Lofgren, Hans, Thurlow, James, Robinson, Sherman

“…Consequently poverty has remained concentrated within marginalized rural areas. Recent volatility in copper exports and growing foreign debt indicate the need for further economic diversification and pro-poor growth. …”
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