Resultados de búsqueda - "ecology"

Tectonics, climate and the diversification of the tropical African terrestrial flora and fauna por Couvreur, T.L., Dauby, G., Blach-Overgaard, A., Deblauwe, V., Dessein, S., Droissart, V., Hardy, Olivier J., Harris, D.J., Janssens, S., Ley, A.C., Mackinder, B.A., Sonke, B., Sosef, M.S., Stevart, T., Svenning, J.C., Wieringa, J.J., Faye, A., Missoup, A.D., Tolley, K.A., Nicolas, V., Ntie, S., Fluteau, F., Robin, C., Guillocheau, F., Barboni, D., Sepulchre, P.

“…We then review diversification studies of tropical terrestrial animal and plant clades and discuss three major models of speciation: (i) geographic speciation via vicariance (allopatry); (ii) ecological speciation impacted by climate and geological changes, and (iii) genomic speciation via genome duplication. …”
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Evolution of soil fertility research and development in Ethiopia: From reconnaissance to data-mining approaches por Erkossa, Teklu, Laekemariam, Fanuel, Abera, Wuletawu, Tamene, Lulseged D.

“…Research conducted in the 1980s across agro-ecological and edaphic spectrum recommended 30–138 kg N ha−1 and 0–50 kg P ha−1, respectively. …”
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The future of food: domestication and commercialization of indigenous food crops in Africa over the third decade (2012–2021) por Leakey, R.R.B., Tientcheu Avana, M.-L., Awazi, N. P., Assogbadjo, A. E., Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe, Hendre, P. S., Degrande, A., Hlahla, S., Manda, L.

“…The review spans 23 research topics presenting the recent research literature for tree species of high priority across the continent, as well as that in each of the four main ecological regions: the humid zone of West and Central Africa; the Sahel and North Africa; the East African highlands and drylands; and the woody savannas of Southern Africa. …”
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Detection and quantification of pesticide residues in tomatoes sold in urban markets of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso por Dione, Michel M., Djouaka, R., Mbokou, S.F., Ilboudo, Guy S., Ouedraogo, A.A., Dinede, Getachew, Roesel, Kristina, Grace, Delia, Knight-Jones, Theodore J.D.

“…Of course, if over-used pesticides could have serious health consequences for producers and consumers and also cause ecological damage. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to detect and quantify the levels of residues of pesticides in tomatoes sold in urban markets of Ouagadougou. …”
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Towards optimised climate-smart agriculture resource investment decisions: Mapping program impact areas, policy support and mitigation feasibility por Mponela, Powell, Dzirwonu, Michael Gameli, Inusah, Sandra, Agyarko-Fosu, Fred, Odonkor, Ezekiel Narh, Sackey, Tracy Adjeley, Mamah, Samiratu Abdulai, Akpatsu, Isaac Boatey

“…The social contributions considered include use and adoption while ecological impacts include nutrient, soil and water conservation.…”
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Reaching the unheard: multistakeholder dialogues towards resilient landscape management planning in West Africa por Atampugre, Gerald, Oke, Adebayo, Igbadun, H. E., Tilahun, Seifu A., Cofie, Olufunke O., Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe

“…The MSDs in Ghana validated most of the LSA results, with new information on drivers of change, state, and dynamics of natural resource use in the target social-ecological landscape. Participants came with new information including disunity between farmers and miners, changes in family practices, increased postharvest losses, reduced food production, new diseases, illegal mining due to new technology, and the inappropriateness of Cinderella Trees for agroforestry. …”
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Assessing combining ability of doubled haploid maize (Zea mays L.) breeding lines for grain yield and yield components under heat stress condition por Patil, S. Vinutha, Doggalli, Gangadhara, Kuchanur, Prakash H., Zaidi, Pervez Haider, Patil, Ayyanagouda, Arunkumar, B., Vinayana, M.T., Tembhurne, B.V., Suma, T.C., Seetharam, K.

“…Maize has wider genetic adaptability to grow under different agro-ecological environments. 29 and 48 DH lines derived from MPS 1 and MPS 2, respectively, were crossed with more than one testers belonging to opposite heterotic in L x T fashion. …”
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Malawi Soil Profile Data – Malawi Land Resources Evaluation Project, 1987 to 1991 por Ministry of Agriculture, Government of Malawi, United Nations Development Program, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

“…The Land Resources Evaluation Project (LREP), which ran from 1988 to 1992, was a joint government of Malawi, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) project that involved a close reconnaissance of the agro-ecological resources of Malawi. Extensive fieldwork was done to map the soils across the country at the moderately detailed scale of 1:250,000 (1 cm = 2.5 km). …”
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Do rotations and intercrops matter? Opportunities for intensification and diversification of maize-based cropping systems in Zambia por Mulundu Mwila, Silva, João Vasco, Kalala, Kelvin, Simutowe, Esau, Ngoma, Hambulo, Nyagumbo, Isaiah, Mebelo Mataa, Thierfelder, Christian

“…Methods: Six maize-based cropping systems, comprising maize monocropping, maize-legume rotations and intercrops under ‘conventional’ tillage and conservation agriculture, were evaluated across 40 farms in contrasting agro-ecological zones and farming systems of Zambia. A household survey was conducted in the same communities hosting the on-farm trials to quantify the share of households with enough maize cultivated area to benefit from the tested cropping systems. …”
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Cropping intensity gaps: The potential for expanded global harvest areas por Wu, Wenbin, You, Liangzhi, Chen, Kevin Z.

“…An adapted GAEZ (Global Agro-Ecological Zone) method was used to estimate potential multiple cropping systems on the basis of meteorological data, while actual multiple cropping systems were derived from satellite-based observations. …”
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Economics of sustainable irrigation in smallholder agriculture: Implications for food security and climate action por Urfels, Anton, Mirzabaev, Alisher, Bricx, Stephen, Deb, Proloy, Dewi, Kumala, Evangelista, Gio, Flor, Rica Joy, Harris, Ben, Jayasiri, Nishanka, Kishore, Avinash, McDonald, Andrew J., Mondal, Manoranjan, Quicho, Emma, Saito, Kazuki, Kumar, Virender, Laborte, Alice

“…However, defining context-specific goals and navigating transitions remains insufficiently considered, with inadequate attention paid to social, technological, ecological, institutional, and economic factors that often make irrigation transitions difficult to achieve in practice. …”
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Agronomic performance and resistance to maize lethal necrosis in maize hybrids derived from doubled haploid lines por Sadessa, Kassahun, Beyene, Yoseph, Ifie, Beatrice E., Gowda, Manje, Mahabaleswara, Suresh M., Olsen, Michael, Tongoona, Pangirayi, Offei, Samuel K., Danquah, Eric, Prasanna, Boddupalli M., Wegary, Dagne

“…Better-performing testcross hybrids identified in the current study could be verified through on-farm testing and released for commercial production to replace MLN-susceptible, low-yield hybrids grown in the target ecologies.…”
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Paddy rice methane emissions across Monsoon Asia por Ouyang, Zutao, Jackson, Robert B., McNicol, Gavin, Fluet-Chouinard, Etienne, Runkle, Benjamin R.K., Papale, Dario, Knox, Sara H., Cooley, Sarah, Delwiche, Kyle B., Feron, Sarah, Irvin, Jeremy Andrew, Malhotra, Avni, Muddasir, Muhammad, Sabbatini, Simone, Alberto, Ma. Carmelita R., Cescatti, Alessandro, Chen, Chi-Ling, Dong, Jinwei, Fong, Bryant N., Guo, Haiqiang, Hao, Lu, Iwata, Hiroki, Jia, Qingyu, Ju, Weimin, Kang, Minseok, Li, Hong, Kim, Joon, Reba, Michele L., Nayak, Amaresh Kumar, Roberti, Debora Regina, Ryu, Youngryel, Swain, Chinmaya Kumar, Tsuang, Benjei, Xiao, Xiangming, Yuan, Wenping, Zhang, Geli, Zhang, Yongguang

“…The spatial distribution of paddy-rice emissions has been assessed at regional-to-global scales by bottom-up inventories and land surface models over coarse spatial resolution (e.g., > 0.5°) or spatial units (e.g., agro-ecological zones). However, high-resolution CH4 flux estimates capable of capturing the effects of local climate and management practices on emissions, as well as replicating in situ data, remain challenging to produce because of the scarcity of high-resolution maps of paddy-rice and insufficient understanding of CH4 predictors. …”
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Weeds and their responses to management efforts in a changing climate por Anwar, Md. Parvez, Islam, A. K. M. Mominul, Yeasmin, Sabina, Rashid, Md. Harun, Juraimi, Abdul Shukor, Ahmed, Sharif, Shrestha, Anil

“…Weeds are, generally, colonizers and have some unique biological traits and ecological amplitudes that enable them to successfully dominate crops in a habitat with changed environmental conditions. …”
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Developing just transition pathways for Africa’s agriculture towards low emission and climate resilient development under a 1.5°C global warming por Mapfumo, P., Rurinda, J., Cramer, Laura K., Mushore, T.D., Wamukoya, George

“…Novel climate conditions are posing a serious threat to humanity and ecological systems, presenting and aggravating social injustices at different levels. …”
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Innovative participatory crop improvement approaches for enhanced farm productivity, climate resilience, and efficient local seed systems por Mengistu, Dejene Kassahun, Terefe, Hailu, Hailemariam, Bogale Nigir, Tilahun, Mulugeta, Kidane, Yosef Gebrehawaryat, Fadda, Carlo

“…By centering farmer knowledge, gender inclusion, and ecological sustainability, the results of the studies offer a scalable and resilient pathway for Ethiopian agriculture in an era of accelerating climate uncertainty.…”
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The diversity of rural livelihoods and their influence on soil fertility in agricultural systems of East Africa – A typology of smallholder farms por Tittonell, Pablo A., Muriuki, A., Shepherd, Keith D., Mugendi, D., Kaizzi, K.C., Okeyo, J., Verchot, Louis V., Coe, R., Vanlauwe, Bernard

“…In spite of the agro-ecological and socio-economic diversity observed across the region (e.g. 4 months year-1 of food self-sufficiency in Vihiga, Kenya vs. 10 in Tororo, Uganda) consistent patterns of variability were also observed. …”
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Prevalence and molecular characterisation of Eimeria species in Ethiopian village chickens por Luu, L., Bettridge, Judy M., Christley, Robert M., Melese, K., Blake, D.J.H., Dessie, Tadelle, Wigley, Paul, Desta, T.T., Hanotte, Olivier H., Kaiser, P., Gutu, Z., Collins, M., Lynch, Stacey E.

“…Although there was no evidence of a difference in the prevalence of oocysts in faecal samples between study regions, there was evidence of variation in the prevalence of some species, perhaps suggesting regional differences in exposure to risk factors associated with the birds, their management and/or location-specific environmental and ecological factors.…”
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Wetlands and agriculture: a case for integrated water resource management in Sri Lanka por Atapattu, Sithara S., de Silva, Sanjiv, Senaratna Sellamuttu, Sonali

“…Therefore, it is clear that sound wetland management is now expected to not only consider conserving the ecological integrity of the ecosystem but also to pay specific attention to the well-being of local people, thereby contributing to poverty alleviation. …”
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Water-centered growth challenges, innovations and interventions in Ethiopia por Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele

“…The key major issues that are discussed in the paper include the following: Socioeconomic development challenges of Ethiopia, viewed from a water resources perspective., The water resources endowment, development extent, potentials and economic/socioeconomic development linkages., Water-related innovations and agriculture., Water-related interventions in various agro-ecologies., Policy and strategy actions needed. This paper should also be viewed with other components such as river basin growth pole/corridor concept, institutional reform and research capacity building. …”
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