Resultados de búsqueda - "ecology"

Evaluating the effect of fishery closures: Lessons learnt from the Plaice Box por Beare, Douglas J., Rijnsdorp AD, Blaesberg M, Damm, U., Egekvist J, Fock H, Kloppmann, M., Röckmann C, Schroeder A, Schulze, T., Tulp I, Ulrich C, Hal R. van, Kooten, T. van, Verweij M

“…This case study highlights the importance of setting testable objectives and an appropriate evaluation framework including both ecological and socio-economic indicators when implementing closed areas.…”
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Helping farmers adapt to climate and cropping system change through increased access to sorghum genetic resources adapted to prevalent sorghum cropping systems in Burkina Faso por Brocke, Kirsten vom, Trouche, G., Weltzien, Eva, Kondombo-Barro, C.P., Sidibé, A., Zougmoré, Robert B., Gozé E

“…Farmers’ choices tend to differ among groups, villages and years, with the exception of four particular landraces: two originating from a collection carried out in the Mouhoun region more than 30 years previous to this research, and two other landraces that came from the dissimilar agro-ecological zones of Burkina Faso. These four were the most commonly selected landraces out of 36 cultivars that covered both improved and landrace varieties. …”
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Design of community based breeding programs for two indigenous goat breeds of Ethiopia por Abegaz, Solomon

“…Thus, the community based breeding programs with a few traits in the recording are considered feasible for genetic improvement of goats in the study areas and similar agro-ecological zones.…”
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Permaculture: Supports food security and primary education in rural Kenya por Dewey, Catherine E., Hoekstra, K., Carter, N.

“…Permaculture produces a sustainable animal and crop agricultural and forestry system that produces outputs based on the needs of the community. Ecological principles of soil enrichment with composting, intercrop planting and water capture maximize productivity. …”
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On-farm experimentation on conservation agriculture in maize-legume based cropping systems in Kenya: Water use efficiency and economic impacts por Micheni, Alfred N., Kanampiu, F.K., Kitonyo, O., Mburu, D.M., Mugai, E.N., Makumbi, Dan, Kassie, M.

“…To test the hypothesis, we designed a study to evaluate water use efficiency (WUE) and the economic benefits (yield and gross margins) of CA in the upper and lower midlands agro-ecological zones of eastern Kenya. Four tillage treatments, including farmers’ practice (residues removed), conventional tillage (residues removed) and two CA practices with residue retention (zero tillage and furrow–ridge), were laid out in 22 farmers’ fields where each farm was treated as a replicate. …”
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Breeding annual grain legumes for sustainable agriculture: New methods to approach complex traits and target new cultivar ideotypes por Duc, G., Agrama, H., Bao, S., Berger, J., Bourion, V., Ron, A.M. de, Gowda, C.L.L., Mikic, A., Millot, D., Singh, K.B., Tullu, A., Vandenberg, A., Vaz Patto, Maria C, Warkentin, T.D., Zong, X.

“…Although yield and total biomass produced by annual legumes remain major objectives for breeders, other issues such as environment-friendly, resource use efficiency including symbiotic performance, resilient production in the context of climate change, adaptation to sustainable cropping systems (reducing leaching, greenhouse gas emissions and pesticide residues), adaptation to diverse uses (seeds for feed, food, non-food, forage or green manure) and finally new ecological services such as pollinator protection, imply the need for definition of new ideotypes and development of innovative genotypes to enhance their commercialization. …”
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Household uses of the banana plant in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo por Kamira, M., Sivirihauma, Charles, Ntamwira, J., Ocimati, W., Katungu, M.G., Bigabwa, J.B., Vutseme, L., Blomme, Guy

“…Depending on the agro-ecological conditions, cultivars grown, cultural and socio-economic factors, the use of other banana plant parts other than the fruit, has been widely reported. …”
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Milk extraction for human consumption from N'Dama cattle under village management conditions in The Gambia por Agyemang, K., Jeannin, P., Grieve, A.S., Bah, M.L., Dwinger, R.H.

“…Location performance of N’Dama cattle was recorded under village management conditions in four ecological variable villages in the Gambia. A total of 636 cows were recorded during the study. …”
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Is local best? Examining the evidence for local adaptation in trees and its scale por Boshier, D., Broadhurst, L., Cornelius, Jonathan P., Gallo, L., Koskela, Jaarko, Loo, J., Petrokofsky, G., St Clair, B.

“…The review will examine existing data (published and unpublished) in the context of the scale of local adaptation, with the results being presented in two formats: (a) relating survival, performance of provenances (classified by seed zone/provenance region of origin) to seed zone/provenance region of the planting site; (b) plotting survival, performance provenances against the distance (Euclidean/ecological) between the provenance and the trial site.…”
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Moving interdisciplinary science forward: Integrating participatory modelling with mathematical modelling of zoonotic disease in Africa por Grant, C., Lo Iacono, G., Dzingirai, V., Bett, Bernard K., Winnebah, T.R.A., Atkinson, P.M.

“…The evidence base for this scoping review comes from the work of a consortium, with the aim of integrating modelling approaches traditionally used in epidemiological, ecological and development research. A total of five examples of the impacts of participatory research on the choice of model structure are presented. …”
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Applicability of conservation agriculture for climate change adaptation in Rwanda’s situation por Kabirigi, M., Musana, B, Ngetich, Felix K., Mugwe, J., Mukuralinda, Athanase, Nabahungu, N.L.

“…We conclude that there is a need for critical assessment under which ecological and socio economic conditions CA is suited for smallholder farming in Rwanda.…”
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Towards a collaborative research: a case study on linking science to farmers’ perceptions and knowledge on Arabica coffee pests and diseases and its management por Liebig, Theresa Ines, Jassogne, Laurence T.P., Rahn, Eric, Läderach, Peter R.D., Poehling, Hans-Michael, Kucel, Patrick, Asten, Piet J.A. van, Avelino, Jacques

“…In this paper, we present a case study on coffee production in Uganda, a sector depending mostly on smallholder farming facing a simultaneous and increasing number of socio-ecological pressures. The objectives of this study were (i) to examine and relate FPK on Arabica Coffee Pests and Diseases (CPaD) to altitude and the vegetation structure of the production systems; (ii) to contrast results with perceptions from experts and (iii) to compare results with field observations, in order to identify constraints for improving the information flow between scientists and farmers. …”
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Gender-responsive participatory research for social learning and sustainable forest management por Elias, Marlène, Jalonen, R., Fernández, M., Grosse, A.

“…The papers illustrate that traditional ecological knowledge is neither homogeneously distributed within communities nor concentrated among socially more powerful groups who, in the absence of a gender-responsive approach, are often the ones selected as research participants. …”
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Biological control: a major component for the longterm cowpea pest management strategy por Tamò, Manuele, Srinivasan, R., Dannou, E.A., Agboton, C., Datinon, B., Dabiré, C., Baoua, I., Ba, Malick N., Haruna, B., Pittendrigh, Barry Robert

“…Thereby, apart from obvious ecological considerations determining the suitability of a particular biological control agent, one of the most critical factors for a successful biocontrol project is the development of efficient and simple delivery systems. …”
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Toward a nitrogen footprint calculator for Tanzania por Hutton, M.O., Leach, A., Leip, A., Galloway, J.N., Bekunda, Mateete A., Sullivan, C., Lesschen, Jan Peter

“…The Sub-Saharan African nation of Tanzania faces a two-sided nitrogen problem: while there is not enough soil nitrogen to produce adequate food, excess nitrogen that escapes into the environment causes a cascade of ecological and human health problems. To identify, quantify, and contribute to solving these problems, this paper presents a nitrogen footprint tool for Tanzania. …”
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Resource management by west African farmers and the economics of shifting cultivation por Dvorak, K.A.

“…The cultural, edaphic, ecological, and agronomic features of shifting cultivation systems have been studied in great detail (Conklin 1957, 1963; Nye and Greenland , Unesco, de Schlippe, Allan, Fresco). …”
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Participatory varietal selection, food security, and varietal diversity in a high-potential production system in Nepal por Joshi, Krishna D., Witcombe, John R.

“…Other advantages of Ihe new varieties were their early maturity, drought tolerance, disease and insect tolerance, and better adaptation to different ecological niches such as areas Of shallow water. Despite the commonly assumed uniformity of high-potential production systems, the new varieties occupied specific niches in the farming system from irrigated land with varying duration of retained standing water, and from partially irrigated to rainfed lowland conditions. …”
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Strategic assessment of banana research priorities por Pemsl, Diemuth E., Staver, Charles

“…The six-step process for the assessment comprised of i) definition of agro-ecological zones and mapping of crop production to identify target are as; ii) analysis of key constraints; iii) selection of research options to be included in the assessment; iv) quantification of model parameters; v) estimation of research impacts; and vi) communication of findings. …”
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Grain iron and zinc densities in released and commercial cultivars of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) por Rai, Kedar N., Yadav, O.P., Govindaraj, Mahalingam, Pfeiffer, Wolfgang H., Yadav, H.P, Rajpurohit, B.S, Patil, H.T, Kanatti, A., Rathore, A, Rao, A.S., Shivade, H

“…The six commercial cultivars (2 OPVs and 4 hybrids) identified in this study with high Fe and Zn densities can be undertaken for expanded cultivation in their recommended ecologies to specifically address the Fe and Zn deficiencies in India. …”
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Opportunities for building resilience and lessons for navigating risks: dams and the water energy food nexus por Matthews, Nathaniel, McCartney, Matthew P.

“…The article concludes by demonstrating that although mitigating impacts across the nexus and social-ecological resilience presents challenges and requires overcoming complexity, the need to tackle these is greater than ever.…”
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