Resultados de búsqueda - "complexity"

Farmer organization, collective action and market access in Meso-America por Lundy, Mark, Meijer, Madelon, Hellin, Jonathan

“…Commodity prices are declining, and producers increasingly supply complex value chains. There is growing interest in how farmers can benefit from emerging market opportunities. …”
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The future of global sugar markets: Policies, reforms, and impact. Proceedings of a Public Conference. por Orden, David, Bureau, Jean-Christophe, Gohin, Alexandre, Guindé, Loïc, Millet, Guy, Brandão, Antônio Salazar P., Haley, Stephen, Wagner, Owen, Sandrey, Ron, Vink, Nick

“…Yet today’s sugar markets are being driven by a complex array of dynamic and emerging supply, demand, and policy forces that need to be understood. …”
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Local markets, local varieties: Rising food prices and small farmers' access to seed por Smale, Melinda, Cohen, Marc J., Nagarajan, Latha

“…Even with declines in food prices later in 2008, prices remain well above 2000–2005 levels. To address the complex causes of this phenomenon, IFPRI has recommended a combination of “emergency” and “resilience” actions. …”
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Successful organizational learning in the management of agricultural research and innovation: The Mexican produce foundations por Ekboir, Javier, Dutrénit, Gabriela, Martínez V., Griselda, Vargas, Arturo Torres, Vera-Cruz, Alexandre O.

“…Since the 1980s, developing countries’ agriculture has become more complex and diversified. In general, the public research and extension institutions in these countries were criticized for not participating in the emergence of the most dynamic agricultural markets. …”
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Dynamic Research EvaluAtion for Management (DREAM) por International Food Policy Research Institute

“…DREAM handles simple to relatively complex evaluation problems using a standardized interface. …”
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QTL mapping for wheat ferulic acid concentration using 50 K SNP chip in a recombinant inbred line population of Zhongmai 578/Jimai 22 por Rabiu Sani Shawai, Wenfei Tian, Siyang Liu, Xue Gong, Jindong Liu, Shuanghe Cao, Yong Zhang, He Zhonghu

“…Conclusions: FAC is a complex trait governed by multiple minor‐effect QTL. …”
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Prospective impacts of expanding agroecological transitions on Zimbabwe’s government's socio-economic and environmental agendas por Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe, Chimonyo, Vimbayi G.P., Sobratee, Nafiisa, Sardeshpande, Mallika, Ngoma, Hambulo

“…Moreover, it will allow AE-I to navigate the complex relationship between agroecology and broader social-economic-ecological agendas. …”
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"The reality in the DRC is just not the reality in Rwanda" - How context factors affect transdisciplinary research projects por Parli, R., Byamungu, M., Fischer, M., Kantengwa, S., Kintche, K., Konlambique, M., Lieberherr, E., Six, J., Wilde, B., Spath, L.

“…Transitioning toward more sustainable livelihoods requires tackling complex challenges in innovative ways. Positioned at the intersection of innovation and transition studies, transdisciplinary research (TD) has surfaced as a method to confront sustainability challenges by integrating various scientific disciplines and engaging non-academic stakeholders. …”
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Use Case - Delivering Contextualized Climate Information in two Districts of Odisha and Understanding Farmer Decision-Making: A case study in Odisha por Kumar, Shalander, Kumar, G. Kishore, Roa, K.P.C.

“…Decision-making was influenced by a complex interplay of traditional knowledge, market dynamics, climate advisories, and social influences. …”
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Cytotoxic T lymphocytes from cattle immunized against Theileria parva exhibit pronounced cross-reactivity among different strain-specific epitopes of the Tp1 antigen por Steinaa, Lucilla, Saya, R., Awino, Elias, Toye, Philip G.

“…Although effective, the ITM vaccine has disadvantages such as the need for a liquid nitrogen cold chain and a complex production process, which may be overcome by the development of a subunit vaccine. …”
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Biopolymer and polymer precursor production by microorganisms: applications and future prospects por Saharan, Baljeet Singh, Kamal, Neel, Badoni, Prerana, Kumar, Ramesh, Saini, Mayuri, Kumar, Dharmender, Sharma, Deepansh, Tyagi, Swati, Ranga, Poonam, Parshad, Jagdish, Goyal, Chhaya, Kumar, Ravinder, Nehra, Manju, Seth, Chandra Shekhar, Duhan, Joginder Singh, Mandal, Neelam Kumari

“…Conventional petroleum‐derived polymers have become potentially harmful to the environment due to their complex degradation process. The nonbiodegradability of synthetic polymers has become a global issue of concern. …”
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Gene B-5 in cotton confers high and broad resistance to bacterial blight and conditions high amounts of sesquiterpenoid phytoalexins por Essenberg, Margaret, McNally, Kenneth L., Bayles, Melanie B., Pierce, Margaret L., Hall, Judy A., Kuss, Christine R., Shevell, Judith L., Verhalen, Laval M.

“…The hypothesis that each B gene, in the absence of a polygenic complex, triggers sesquiterpenoid phytoalexin production was tested by measurement of cadalene and lacinilene phytoalexins during resistant responses in five NILs carrying different B genes, four other lines carrying multiple resistance genes, as well as susceptible Ac44E. …”
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NaCl- and Na2SO4-induced salinity differentially affect clay soil chemical properties and yield components of two rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L.) in Burundi por Irakoze, Willy, Prodjinoto, Hermann, Nijimbere, Séverin, Bizimana, Jean Berchmans, Bigirimana, Joseph, Rufyikiri, Gervais, Lutts, Stanley

“…Salinity induced an increase in Na+ concentrations on solid soil complex and in soil solution. NaCl reduced the stomatal density in salt-sensitive cultivar. …”
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Designing bovine T cell vaccines via reverse immunology por Nene, Vishvanath M., Svitek, Nicholas, Toye, Philip G., Golde, W.T., Barlow, J., Buus, Soren, Nielsen, Morten

“…There is, for example, strong evidence that major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-restricted cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play an essential role in mediating immunity to East Coast fever (ECF), a fatal lymphoproliferative disease of cattle prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa and caused by Theileria parva. …”
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The allelic rice immune receptor Pikh confers extended resistance to strains of the blast fungus through a single polymorphism in the effector binding interface por De la Concepcion, Juan Carlos, Maidment, Josephine H. R., Longya, Apinya, Xiao, Gui, Franceschetti, Marina, Banfield, Mark J.

“…The crystal structure of Pikh-HMA in complex with an AVR-Pik variant confirmed that Pikh and Pikm use a similar molecular mechanism to extend their pathogen recognition profile. …”
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Novel and transgressive salinity tolerance in recombinant inbred lines of rice created by physiological coupling-uncoupling and network rewiring effects por Pabuayon, Isaiah C. M., Kitazumi, Ai, Cushman, Kevin R., Singh, Rakesh Kumar, Gregorio, Glenn B., Dhatt, Balpreet, Zabet-Moghaddam, Masoud, Walia, Harkamal, de los Reyes, Benildo G.

“…While this phenomenon has been attributed to complementation and epistatic effects, the physiological and developmental synergism involved have not been fully illuminated by the QTL mapping approach alone, especially for stress-adaptive traits involving highly complex interactions. By systems-level profiling of the IR29 × Pokkali recombinant inbred population of rice, we addressed the hypothesis that novel salinity tolerance phenotypes are created by reconfigured physiological networks due to positive or negative coupling-uncoupling of developmental and physiological attributes of each parent. …”
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Non-destructive phenotyping for early seedling vigor in direct-seeded rice por Anandan, Annamalai, Mahender, Anumalla, Sah, Rameswar Prasad, Bose, Lotan Kumar, Subudhi, Hatanath, Meher, Jitendra, Reddy, Janga Nagi, Ali, Jauhar

“…It helps the seedlings to compete with weeds for water and nutrient availability, and contributes to better seedling establishment during the initial phase of crop growth. Seedling vigor is a complex trait, and phenotyping by a destructive method limits the improvement of this trait through traditional breeding. …”
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Changes in insecticide resistance and host range performance of planthoppers artificially selected to feed on resistant rice por Horgan, Finbarr G., Garcia, Charle Patrick F., Haverkort, Fay, de Jong, Peter W., Ferrater, Jedeliza B.

“…In contrast, a population with virulence to the highly resistant variety PTB33 was 4.88 × more resistant to imidacloprid and 3.18 × more resistant to BPMC compared to planthoppers of the same origin but reared on the susceptible variety IR22. Our results suggest complex relations between insecticide resistance and virulence that vary according to insecticidal toxins and resistance genes, and include potentially increased insecticide-susceptibility (a trade-off) as well as common detoxification mechanisms (a benefit)…”
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Exploring genetic architecture of grain yield and quality traits in a 16-way indica by japonica rice MAGIC global population por Zaw, Hein, Raghavan, Chitra, Pocsedio, Arnel, Swamy, B.P. Mallikarjuna, Jubay, Mona Liza, Singh, Rakesh Kumar, Bonifacio, Justine, Mauleon, Ramil, Hernandez, Jose E., Mendioro, Merlyn S., Gregorio, Glenn B., Leung, Hei

“…Identification of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) has been a challenge for complex traits due to the use of populations with narrow genetic base. …”
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QTL identification for cooking and eating quality in indica rice using multi-parent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population por Ponce, Kimberly S., Ye, Guoyou, Zhao, Xiangqian

“…These results also confirmed that QTL mapping via association mapping using a MAGIC population is a powerful method in genetic analysis of complex traits…”
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