Resultados de búsqueda - "capitalism"

Ghana: Systematic analysis of world market and domestic production shocks por Mukashov, Askar, Pauw, Karl, Jones, Eleanor, Thurlow, James

“…This Country Brief quantifies the risks facing Ghana’s economy and population, focusing on two primary sources: 1) External risks stemming from shocks in international commodity prices and foreign capital flows and 2) Domestic risks associated with production shocks in volatile sectors of the Ghanaian economy, such as primary agriculture and hydropower electricity generation, are often caused by extreme weather. …”
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Energy technologies for pumped groundwater irrigation - spread, opportunity, and challenges por Shrestha, Shisher

“…The EP receives a subsidized electricity tariff for agricultural use, while SIPs receive upfront capital subsidies. In addition to the detrimental environmental effects, diesel pumps are costly to operate, making them impractical for water-intensive crops. …”
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The price of fragility: Shocks, food security, and lessons from Nigeria por Amare, Mulubrhan, Omamo, Steven Were, Balana, Bedru, Andam, Kwaw S., Nwagboso, Chibuzo, Iraoya, Augustine, Popoola, Olufemi, Loum, Serigne, Jawed, Khusro

“…This study utilizes high-frequency retail price data for eight staple food commodities across all 36 states and the Federal Capital Territory to analyze spatial and temporal food price dynamics, volatility patterns, and their welfare implications. …”
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Economic analysis of the business model for mass seed production of nutrient-dense small indigenous fish species mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) por Chand, Bimal, Dubey, Sourabh, Panemangalore, Arun, Gaikwad, Amar, Das, Rashmi, Gogoi, Kalpajit, Rajts, Francois

“…The total investment required is INR 4,12,932 ($4,975), comprising capital expenses of INR 2,56,650 ($3,092) and annual operational costs of INR 1,56,282 ($1,883) considering loan component. …”
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Building stronger networks for sustainable climate services in West Africa por Ouedraogo, Adama, Ouedraogo, Mathieu, Byandaga, Livingstone, Mvuyibwami, Patrick, Mbarushimana Kagabo, Desire, Laderach, Peter Roman Django

“…All organizations are centralized in capital cities, creating a persistent "last-mile" problem where services fail to reach the rural farmers who need them most. …”
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Options for strengthening the international legal regime for forests: a report prepared for the European Commission under the study contract B7-8110/96/000221/D4 (proposal for a le... por Glück, P., Tarasoffsky, R.G., Byron, R.N., Tikkanen, I.

“…The tenure of forest lands is often still unclear, or contested, and forests have frequently been mined as a quick source of capital, subsequently abandoned, or turned over to agricultural colonisers or plantation estates. …”
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Women’s Leadership in Agrifood Systems: Power, Pathways and Possibilities: Towards a shared research agenda por Elias, Marlène, Kyle, Jordan, Morgan, Miranda, Najjar, Dina, Valencia, Ana Maria Paez, Raghunathan, Kalyani

“…Deep-seated and structural barriers, such as discriminatory legal and policy frameworks, social and cultural norms, perceptions of women’s leadership, as well as unequal access to resources and capital, constrain (and sometimes reverse progress on) women’s voice, agency, and leadership. …”
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Perceptions of livestock farmers in turning manure into wealth leading to a circular bioeconomy in Uttarakhand, India por MPM, Deepa, Sathiskumar, Abinaya, Ray, S., Sasmal, S., Taron, Avinandan

“…Although community-based models offer advantages such as lower operational costs, local energy access, and collective waste management, respondents mentioned about challenges related to capital mobilization, governance gaps, and conflict management limit uptake. …”
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Threshold effects of extreme heat on schooling and child labor in rural Bangladesh por Bakhtiar, M. Mehrab, Karim, Ridwan

“…Identifying threshold effects of extreme heat is key to understanding the true scale of climate-related risks to human capital development. This paper investigates how extreme heat shapes adolescent schooling and labor outcomes in rural Bangladesh, combining household survey data on adolescents with high-resolution temperature records to estimate the effects of prior-year, cumulative, and early-life heat exposure. …”
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Crise economique et changements politiques en Indonesie: premiers effets sur le secteur forestier por Sunderlin, William D.

“…The author reviews the likely effects on the forest sector. (1) Decreased demand for Indonesian plywood from main importers (Japan, South Korea and Taiwan) is largely compensated by increased demand from other countries and Malaysia's decision to restrict its wood product exports. (2) Expansion of agriculture will occur partly at the expense of forest cover: spontaneous clearing by farmers, and large scale clearings for agro-industry plantations, mainly oil palm, then cocoa, coffee, rubber trees, pepper, as well as shrimp ponds in mangroves. (3) Transmigration will probably not slow down, foreign aid compensating for the decline of State aid. (4) Unemployed people in the urban sector migrate to rural areas, and young people in the rural areas remain there which may increase pressure on forests for three reasons: a) incentives to expand plantations for export; b) incentives to produce food crops locally (rice, maize, soya) to reduce imports; c) shortage of capital for inputs, that may encourage extensive agriculture. (5) Expansion of mining in forest areas (coal, iron, and nickel) may lead to degradation of important protection forests. (6) The likely slowdown of major road programmes will reduce their direct and indirect impacts on forests. (7) Policy changes as a prerequisite to IMF loans will have negative effects on forest conservation when they encourage plantations for export (oil palms). (8) President Habibie has launched a wave of policy reforms to remedy former abuses in granting timber concessions, and the resulting forest deterioration. …”
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Integrated natural resource management research in the CGIAR: a brief report on the INRM Workshop held in Penang, Malaysia, 21-25 August 2000

“…The most important outcome was greater elucidation of ways to assess the impact of INRM research in relation to the five forms of capital (natural, human, social, financial and physical). …”
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Pagos por Servicios ambientales en marcha: la experiencia en la microcuenca de chaina, Departamento de Boyacá, Colombia por Borda, C.A., Moreno Sánchez, R.P., Wunder, Sven

“…Adicionalmente, el PSA en Chaina ha permitido el acercamiento de agentes con intereses diferentes, contribuyendo al fortalecimiento y construcción del capital social alrededor de la conservación de la microcuenca y de la región.…”
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Sheep and goat production and marketing systems in Ethiopia: characteristics and strategies for improvement por Gizaw, Solomon, Tegegne, Azage, Gebremedhin, Berhanu, Hoekstra, Dirk

“…Small flock sizes predominate in the highland mixed crop–livestock systems because of land and capital limitations. Relatively larger flocks are maintained in the lowland (agro) pastoral systems. …”
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Socio-Economic analysis of market oriented beekeeping in Atsbi Wemberta District of Eastern Zone, Tigray Region por Gebreyohannes, M.

“…The overall average human capital gain due to improved beekeeping ranged between 82.35 and 98.45 Birr and was significant at 5% level based on the kernel, stratified, radius and nearest neighbor, matching methods. …”
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The spatial ecology of free-ranging domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) in western Kenya por Thomas, Lian F., Glanville, William A. de, Cook, Elizabeth A.J., Fèvre, Eric M.

“…These systems allow poor farmers the opportunity to enter into livestock keeping without large capital investments. This, combined with a growing demand for pork, especially in urban areas, has led to an increase in the number of small-holder farmers keeping free range pigs as a commercial enterprise. …”
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Gender, livestock and livelihood indicators por Njuki, Jemimah, Poole, Elizabeth J., Johnson, J., Baltenweck, Isabelle, Pali, Pamela N., Lokman, Z., Mburu, S.

“…In deriving these indicators, we have used both the sustainable livelihoods framework, placing livestock within an assets and capital framework, and as a pathway out of poverty. …”
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Dialogue on Ethiopian Agricultural Development: Report of a conference, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 12 November 2009 por International Livestock Research Institute

“…Professor Gebisa received the prestigious prize on 15 October at Iowa’s state capital, Des Moines, USA. His research with sorghum hybrids resistant to drought and the devastating Striga weed have dramatically increased the production and availability of one of the world’s five principal grains and enhanced the food supply of hundreds of millions of people in sub- Saharan Africa. …”
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Synthesis of local knowledge on drivers of tree cover change in the Blue Nile basin por Cronin, M., Lamond, G., Balaguer, F., Venturini, F., Sida, T., Pagella, Tim, Sinclair, Fergus L.

“…The decline of native forest in Jeldu was found to be more rapid than the other two sites, partially due to market pressures from the capital city. Fogera and Diga were found to have remnant native forest still present, although certain tree species had disappeared completely due to over-exploitation for their products. …”
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Water saving and economic impacts of land leveling: the case study of cotton production in Tajikistan por Abdullaev, Iskandar, Ul-Hassan, Mehmood, Jumaboev, Kahramon

“…These are absence of initial capital of farmers and scattered land location.…”
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Evaluation of application timing in fertilizer micro-dosing technology on millet production in Niger, West Africa por Hayashi, K, Abdoulaye, Tahirou, Gerard, Bruno G., Bationo, B. André

“…However, the ICRISAT's recommendations regarding fertilizer application through this technology are only applicable at sowing and do not allow any flexibility in terms of labor and/or capital management. In rural areas, fertilizer cannot always be applied at sowing due to financial and labor constraints. …”
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