Resultados de búsqueda - "capitalism"

Rehabilitation methods in second-growth forest and degraded lands in the Ucayali region, Peruvian Amazon: finish report (1998-2000)

“…The experimental sites were situated in two degraded and abandoned sectors of intensive agricultural and cattle use in the tropical area of Pucallpa, capital of Ucayali. We measured and analyzed the increase in height and diameter of the whole population of trees, together with vigour, mortality, major damage, phytosociology dynamics and the total biomass in representative sites. …”
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Tenure and management of non-state forests in China since 1950: a historical review por Liu Dachang

“…They build on existing, local, social capital and farmers are able to participate in making decision about planning, management activities, product use, and income distribution, which is the core of local forest management. …”
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Forestry research, innovation and impact in developing countries - from economic efficiency to the broader public good por Spilsbury, M.J., Kaimowitz, D.

“…They assert that there has been difficulty in realising research-induced efficiency gains in the developing tropics and suggest that the underlying reasons often relate to insecure land tenure, resource, conflicts, lack of access to capital, large power imbalances and corruption within society. …”
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Facilitating collaboration and partnerships: lessons from adaptive collaborative management in the Philippines por Hartanto, H.

“…Our three years of work on ACM implementation revealed improvements in human and social capital that indicate increased collaboration and partnerships in action and learning within and across stakeholders. …”
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Managing the transition from farmers’ groups to agricultural cooperatives in Lao PDR por Castella, J.C., Bouahom, B., Keophoxay, Anousith, Douangsavanh, L.

“…However, policy distortions tend to favor large-scale enterprises and create unfair competition for small agro-enterprises in mobilizing capital. The conditions for the emergence of larger associations or cooperatives from existing groups were investigated. …”
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Livestock market access and opportunities in Turkana, Kenya por Watson, D.J., Binsbergen, J. van

“…Then the report focuses specifically on the problems associated with livestock marketing in Turkana, including the subsistence of pastoralists, weak market infrastructure, structural inefficiencies and high transaction costs, low and variable producer prices, and the lack of political capital amongst both livestock producers and livestock traders. …”
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Marker-based selection within smallholder production systems in developing countries por Marshall, Karen, Quirós Campos, C., Werf, J.H.J. van der, Kinghorn, B.P.

“…In relation to genomic selection, developing countries should maintain a ‘watching brief’ on this technology, but simultaneously act now so that they can capitalize on this technology if and when it becomes applicable in the future.…”
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Agroindustrialization through institutional innovation. Transaction costs, cooperatives and milk-market development in the East-African highlands por Holloway, G.J., Nicholson, C., Delgado, Christopher L., Staal, Steven J., Ehui, Simeon K.

“…The variables considered are a modern production practice (cross-bred cow use), a traditional production practice (indigenous-cow use), three intellectual-capital-forming variables (experience, education, and extension), and the provision of infrastructure (as measured by time to transport milk to market). …”
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Financing market-oriented dairy development. The case of Ada'a - Liben Woreda Dairy Association, Ethiopia por Tegegne, Azage

“…It also illustrates milk collection centres; achievements of the association; cooperative members; and the annual capital shares, profit and loss of the association.…”
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Livestock development projects that make a difference: What works, what doesn't and why por Pell, A., Stroebel, A., Kristjanson, Patricia M.

“…Arising from empirical examples and lessons, the principles recognize: i) livestock ownership forms part of rural people’s livelihood strategies, which usually are a series of complex trade-offs given the many issues and problems faced by smallholder farmers; ii) livestock play multiple roles in providing livelihoods for the poor, and the implications of all these contributions should be considered in assessing their benefits, improving household nutrition, and maintaining social capital; iii) the outcomes and impacts of livestock-related interventions generally are relatively longterm compared to those from crops, and often require significant initial investment; iv) livestock production is constrained by institutions, markets and policies, as well as technical issues and requires interdisciplinary approaches; v) successful livestock programmes are contingent on broad stakeholder involvement from initial planning to project conclusion; vi) and women make significant contributions to livestock rearing and should benefit from these inputs. …”
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Guide de formation: recheche sur le genre et les changements climatiques dans l'agriculture et la sécurité alimentaire pur le développement rural por Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

“…It is widely accepted that agricultural development will be severely curtailed without addressing the risks and capitalizing on the opportunities posed by climate change (FAO, 2010b). …”
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On the joint estimation of multiple adoption decisions: the case of sustainable agricultural technologies and practices in Ethiopia por Hailemariam, T., Kassie, Menale, Shiferaw, Bekele

“…The analysis further shows that both the probability and the level of decisions to adopt SAPs are influenced by many factors: a household’s trust in government support, credit constraint, spouse education, rainfall and plot-level disturbances, household wealth, social capital and networks, including the number of traders known by a farmer in his vicinity, his participation in rural institutions, and the number of relatives he has inside and outside his village, labor availability, and plot and market access. …”
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A case study of cash cropping in Nepal: poverty alleviation or inequity? por Brown, S., Kennedy, G.

“…The costs and benefits of developing markets have been unevenly distributed with small holders unable to capitalize on market opportunities, and wealthier farmers engaging in input intensive cash cropping. …”
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Cottage Level Cassava Starch Processing Systems in Colombia and Vietnam por Da, Guillaume, Dufour, Dominique, Giraldo Toro, Andrés, Moreno, Martín A., Tran, Thierry, Velez, Gustavo, Sánchez, Teresa, Le-Thanh, Mai, Marouzé, Claude, Maréchal, Pierre-André

“…Production capacity, water consumption, electric requirements and capital–labor costs were also measured. The manufacturing processes differed mainly on starch recovery from starch present in washed roots (65 vs. 76%), extraction capacity (0.3 vs. 0.9 t of washed roots/h), water consumption (45 vs. 21 m3/t of dry starch), energy consumption (59 vs. 55 kWh/t of starch) and production costs (1,156 vs. 162 US$/t of starch) for Colombia and Vietnam, respectively. …”
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Legal plurality in Mekong hydropower: its emergence and policy implications por Suhardiman, Diana, Giordano, Mark

“…The growing role of non-state actors may be interpreted as a reduction in state decision making power, but it may also be seen as a means for the state to take advantage of competing interests, in this case receiving both donor funding and private capital. If international donors expect national government agencies to promote meaningful application of internationally defined socio-environmental safeguards, they need to create space for critical discussion and move beyond the current standardized approach in promoting sustainable hydropower development.…”
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Mobilizing private sector partners for climate action in the cocoa value chain por CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

“…Efforts to ensure the use of CCAFS climate science and site-­‐specific Climate-­‐Smart Agriculture (CSA) practices in the Rainforest Alliance voluntary certification scheme and in impact investment approaches implemented by Root Capital began in 2015. The project leverages existing smallholder value chain interventions to translate climate science into actionable strategies for farmers and supporting actors, including agricultural businesses, voluntary certification schemes, and investors, across a number of geographies using smallholder coffee and cocoa systems in Africa and Latin America as model cases. …”
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Cassava cultivation and starch production in an Andean village por Strobosch, P

“…Present problems in cassava cultivation include the growing scarcity of cassava due to excessive demand and to a decrease in cassava yields (frog skin disease and deterioration of soil fertility), lack of capital and refusal of starch producers to buy fertilized cassava. …”
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Engendering agricultural research, development, and extension por Meinzen-Dick, Ruth S., Quisumbing, Agnes R., Behrman, Julia A., Biermayr Jenzano, Patricia, Wilde, Vicki, Noordeloos, Marco, Ragasa, Catherine, Beintema, Neinke M.

“…Research has shown that women, when given the capital and opportunity, make unique, positive contributions to development outcomes ranging from agricultural productivity to poverty reduction. …”
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Economic analysis of seed yam production systems in Nigeria por Mignouna, Djana B., Abdoulaye, Tahirou, Alene, A., Aighewi, B.A., Pelemo, O., Manyong, Victor M., Asiedu, Robert, Akoroda, M.O.

“…Data based on realistic process costs and review of past reported studies were employed to reflect the relative economic worthiness and opportunity cost of investment and operating capital of seed yam systems in Nigeria. From the net present value (NPV) and benefit:cost ratio (BCR) analyses, the new seed yam production systems were more viable than current traditional seed yam production systems through milking of live immature plants. …”
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Collective market participation for improved income among smallholder farming households: a case of Balaka Innovation Platform in Malawi por Mango, Nelson, Makate, Clifton, Lundy, Mark M., Siziba, Shephard, Nyikahadzoi, Kefasi, Fatunbi, A.O.

“…The odds of participating in collective marketing by smallholder farm households in Balaka was significantly influenced by gender, education level, access to social capital through membership in farmer groups that form the Innovation Platform, farming experience, adoption/practice of conservation agriculture and possession of assets e.g. cellphone and bicycle. …”
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