Resultados de búsqueda - "Liberal"

Cocoa marketing chain in developing countries: how do formal-informal linkages ensure its sustainability in Cameroon? por Nkouedjo, L.L., Mathé, S., Fon, D.E., Geitzenauer, M., Manga, A.A.

“…Although liberalization of the cocoa sector has increased internal competition within the marketing chain it has also led to the emergence of informal market actors within the chain. …”
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Eight years of Doha trade talks: Where do we stand? por Bouët, Antoine, Laborde Debucquet, David

“…In 2001, the World Trade Organization launched a highly ambitious program of multilateral liberalization. Eight years later, concluding the negotiations is uncertain, though an opportunity still exists. …”
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WTO, agriculture, and developing countries: a survey of issues por Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio, Robinson, Sherman, Thomas, Marcelle, Yanoma, Yukitsugu

“…Finally, developing countries, most of which have embarked in unilateral liberalization over the last decade, should ask that the higher levels of protection in industrialized countries be reduced first.…”
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Adjustment of wheat production to market reform in Egypt por Kherallah, Mylene, Minot, Nicholas, Gruhn, Peter

“…In response to slow growth in the agricultural sector and as part of a general shift towards a more market-oriented economy, the Government of Egypt started liberalizing the agricultural sector in 1987. Controls over wheat production and marketing were eliminated and wheat producer prices were brought closer to international levels. …”
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Climate change awareness and adaptation strategies by smallholder farmers in semi-arid areas of Zimbabwe por Madamombe, Sandra Makaita, Ng Ang A, Stanley Karanja, Oborn, Ingrid, Nyamadzawo, George, Chirinda, Ngonidzashe, Kihara, Job, Nkurunziza, Libere

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Fertiliser policies in ensuring food security and emerging issues in India por Singh, Bijay, Sapkota, Tek Bahadur

“…Suitable policy mechanisms need to be evolved for gradually liberalizing urea while protecting the profits of farmers and affordability of fertilisers P and K should be ensured for the farmers.…”
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India's fertilizer policies: implications for food security, environmental sustainability, and climate change por Sapkota, Tek, Bijay, Singh

“…Balanced fertilization should be incentivized through recalibrating subsidies and adopting soil nutrient-based recommendations. Gradual liberalization of urea pricing, alongside measures to ensure the affordability of phosphatic and potassium fertilizers for small and marginal farmers, will be essential to address the food-fertilizers-climatic crisis.…”
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Agricultural land expansion and deforestation in Malawi por Mindle, I.J., Kowero, G.S., Ngugi, D., Luhanga, J.

“…The analysis suggests that the structural adjustment policies aimed at liberalization of tobacco production marketing of maize and tobacco, as well as increasing accessibility to foreign currency, had a positive and moderately significant influence on the expansion of the land area under maize but less on that under tobacco. given declining real producer prices for both crops, the driving force for the increasing area seems to be the desire by farmers to maintain their income from the sale of these two crops combined, rather than their prices. …”
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Devolution as a means of expanding local forest management in South China por Liu Dachang, Edmunds, D.

“…The relevant agencies began increasing these fees shortly after timber prices began to rise in response to market liberalization in 1985. The agencies saw an opportunity to increase their own revenues, and take advantage of it. …”
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Institutional aspects of sanitary and phytosanitary issues in ECOWAS trade por Hughes, J., Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit, Makinde, K., Olembo, S.

“…The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has accepted trade liberalization and globalization as important policy directions. …”
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Globalisations in a nutshell: historical perspectives on the changing governance of the shea commodity chain in northern Ghana por Wardell, D.A., Fold, N.

“…This policy is embedded within the (now) dominant orthodoxy of neo-liberalism, which privileges monetized production systems and private over public regulation. …”
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Le guide des PMP por Brouwer, Herman, Woodhill, Jim

“…Toutefois, sous réserve de l’état d’esprit qui convient et en utilisant les étapes et les outils pratiques proposés dans ce guide, on peut accomplir bien des choses pour libérer le potentiel de collaboration et d’innovation des gens au service du progrès social et environnemental. …”
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The feasibility of using pulsed-vacuum in stimulating calcium-alginate hydrogel balls por Jinnoros, J., Innawong, B., Udomkun, Patchimaporn, Parakulsuksatid, P., Silva, J.L.

“…The process was conducted at four different working pressures (8, 35, 61, and 101 kPa) for three pulsed-vacuum cycles (one cycle consisted of three repetitions of 10 min of depressurization and 10 min of vacuum liberation). The diffusion coefficients (D) of calcium cations (Ca2+) gradually reduced over time and were significantly pronounced (p < 0.05) at the first three hours of the external gelation process. …”
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Towards a community of practice for climate security and environmental peace building in Mindanao: Workshop memory report por Medina, L., Savelli, Adam, Jaquet, Stephanie, Torres, M., Arcede, J., Hellin, Jon, Pacillo, Grazia

“…In March 2014, the Government of the Philippines and the Moro Islamic Liberation Front signed the Comprehensive Agreement on the Bangsamoro, which intended to end an armed conflict that had endured for decades. …”
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Do sanctions affect the environment? The role of trade integration por Khalid, U., Ali, Muhammad Tahir, Okafor, L., Sanusi, O. I.

“…Policies that encourage greater economic integration, such as trade liberalization with multiple countries, can be used strategically by a country to reduce threats of being sanctioned or vulnerabilities to the negative effects of sanctions on the environment.…”
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Supply-side dynamics of chickpeas and pigeon peas in India por Inbasekar, Kalimuthu, Roy, Devesh, Joshi, Pramod Kumar

“…Also, we find no evidence of crowding out of domestic production because of liberalized trade, which has been the case in pulses for a long period of time.…”
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Conflict, inclusivity, and transformation of the rice value chain in Myanmar por Goeb, Joseph, Minten, Bart, Aung, Nilar, Aung, Zin Wai, Zu, A Myint, Htar, May Thet

“…The rapid modernization in Myanmar’s rice value chain from 2013 to 2019 highlights the positive impacts of stable governance, infrastructure investment, and liberalization on AVC transformation while the observed variations in modernization inclusivity across different segments of the value chain underscore the complex interplay between governance, conflict, and AVC transformation. …”
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Emerging outsource agricultural services enable farmer adaptation in agrifood value chains: A product cycle perspective por Reardon, Thomas, Awokuse, Titus, Belton, Ben, Liverpool-Tasie, Lenis Saweda O., Minten, Bart, Nguyen, Genevieve, Qanti, Sara, Swinnen, Johan, Vos, Rob, Zilberman, David

“…Governments have – and can do much more to – support the emergence of these services such as in developing regions today through: (1) promotion of a business ecosystem, based on policies of investment in hard and soft infrastructure, favoring the coadaptation of these firms with farmers’ needs; (2) policies facilitating access, such as through import liberalization, of equipment and seeds and chemicals.…”
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Global food projections to 2020: emerging trends and alternative futures por Rosegrant, Mark W., Paisner, Michael S., Meijer, Siet, Witcover, Julie

“…The 2020 discussion paper that presented those first projections stressed that the prospects for global food security greatly depend not only on population growth and economic development but also on emerging issues such as trade liberalization, urbanization, environmental degradation, water scarcity, the livestock revolution, and new technologies. …”
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Dairy development in Ethiopia por Ahmed, Mohamed A. M., Ehui, Simeon, Yemesrach, Assefa

“…In the most recent phase, characterized by the transition towards market-oriented economy, the dairy sector appears to be moving towards a takeoff stage. Liberalized markets and private sector investment and promotion of smallholder dairy are the main features of this phase. …”
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