Resultados de búsqueda - "Humanism"

Estimating shallow groundwater availability in small catchments using streamflow recession and instream flow requirements of rivers in South Africa por Ebrahim, Girma Yimer, Villholth, Karen G.

“…Hence, setting limits to its sustainable abstraction while assuring basic human needs is required. Due to prevalent data scarcity related to groundwater replenishment, which is the traditional basis for estimating groundwater availability, the present article presents a novel method for determining allocatable groundwater in quaternary (fourth-order) catchments through information on streamflow. …”
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How the equitable sharing of benefits from genetic resources can contribute to fairness and innovation por Tutwiler, M.A.

“…The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) take a holistic approach, recognising that human and environmental wellbeing are inextricably linked. …”
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Synthesis and review: tackling the nitrogen management challenge: from global to local scales por Reis, S., Bekunda, Mateete A., Howard, C., Karanja, N., Winiwarter, W., Yan, X., Bleeker, A., Sutton, M.A.

“…In this focus issue, we address the challenges of managing reactive nitrogen in the context of food production and its impacts on human and ecosystem health. In addition, we discuss the scope for and design of management approaches in regions with too much and too little nitrogen. …”
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Effects of irrigation and rainfall on the population dynamics of Rift Valley fever and other arbovirus mosquito vectors in the epidemic-prone Tana River County, Kenya por Sang, R., Lutomiah, J., Said, Mohammed Yahya, Makio, A., Koka, H., Koskei, E., Nyunja, A., Owaka, S., Matoke-Muhia, D., Bukachi, S., Lindahl, Johanna F., Grace, Delia, Bett, Bernard K.

“…Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne viral zoonosis that is found in most regions of sub-Saharan Africa, and it affects humans, livestock, and some wild ungulates. Outbreaks are precipitated by an abundance of mosquito vectors associated with heavy persistent rainfall with flooding. …”
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Seroepidemiological survey of Rift Valley fever virus in ruminants in Garissa, Kenya por Nanyingi, M.O., Muchemi, G.M., Thumbi, Samuel M., Ade, F., Onyango, C.O., Kiama, S.G., Bett, Bernard K.

“…In Kenya, major outbreaks occurred in 1997–1998 and 2006–2007 leading to human deaths, huge economic losses because of livestock morbidity, mortality, and restrictions on livestock trade. …”
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Evaluation of bovine dendritic cells in the induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to theileria parva. por Chari, A.J.

“…Recent demonstration of an ability of human and murine dendritic cells (DC) to acquire exogenous antigens, present them as peptide complexes with MHC class I molecules and induce antigen specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses, a process termed cross-presentation, has led to a reassessment of the role that dendritic cells play in the initiation of immune responses against tumours and microbial pathogens whose elimination is mediated by CTL. …”
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Transition of Salmonella prevalence in pork value chain from pig slaughterhouses to markets in Hung Yen, Vietnam por Yokozawa, T., Sinh Dang Xuan, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Lapar, Ma. Lucila, Makita, K.

“…The prevalence remained high at the same level between the slaughterhouse and market, and the contamination largely occurs before the end of slaughtering due to inadequate hygiene, but cross-contamination during transportation and marketing also poses a risk to humans.…”
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A Fosmid pool-based next generation sequencing approach to haplotype-resolve whole genomes por Suk, Eun-Kyung, Schulz, Sabrina, Mentrup, Birgit, Huebsch, Thomas, Duitama, Jorge, Hoehe, Margret R.

“…Haplotype resolution of human genomes is essential to describe and interpret genetic variation and its impact on biology and disease. …”
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Intensive cereal-legume–livestock systems in West African dry Savannas. por Kamara, A.Y., Ajeigbe, Hakeem A., Omoigui, L.O., Chikoye, David

“…The dry savannas of West Africa are undergoing rapid transformation of agricultural practices owing to the rapid human and livestock population growth, increase in agricultural intensification and accelerated climate change which has increased the incidence and severity of diseases, pests and drought. …”
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Monitoring and evaluation of climate resilience for agricultural development – A review of currently available tools por Douxchamps, Sabine, Debevec, Liza, Giordano, Meredith A., Barron, Jennie

“…Changes should be tracked with regular monitoring and evaluation using simple tools based on key variables that capture short-term adaptive processes and changes in states, at the appropriate system level. Clear pathways to human well-being, including transformation, should be discussed through system-oriented approaches, to discard potential undesired resilient states. …”
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Engaging research with policy and action: what are the challenges of responding to zoonotic disease in Africa? por Bardosh, K.L., Scoones, J.C., Grace, Delia, Kalema-Zikusoka, G., Jones, K.E., Balogh, K. de, Waltner-Toews, D., Bett, Bernard K., Welburn, S.C., Mumford, E., Dzingirai, V.

“…This article is part of the themed issue ‘One Health for a changing world: zoonoses, ecosystems and human well-being’.…”
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Effects of flood irrigation on the risk of selected zoonotic pathogens in an arid and semi-arid area in the eastern Kenya por Bett, Bernard K., Said, Mohammed Yahya, Sang, R., Bukachi, S., Wanyoike, S., Kifugo, S.C., Otieno, Fredrick T., Ontiri, E., Njeru, I., Lindahl, Johanna F., Grace, Delia

“…Activities implemented included secondary data analyses to determine land use and land cover (LULC) changes as well as human, livestock and wildlife population trends; entomological surveys to characterize mosquitoes population densities and species distribution by habitat and season; and serological surveys in people to determine the risk of Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), West Nile fever virus (WNV), dengue fever virus (DFV), Leptospira spp. and Brucella spp. …”
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New products of future potential in the Philippines cassava flour and grates por Loreto, Alan B., Orias, Ramón R.

“…In most parts of the Philippines, root crops have evolved from being mainly a source of energy-rich human food to a key commercial crop with high-value and marketable products in the form of flour and grates. …”
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Review of climate screening approaches and tools for agricultural investment: Areas for action and opportunities to add value por Brown, Douglas R.

“…There is certainly room for improvement, whether that be in facilitating the incorporation of relevant climate data into screening tools (to reduce the human effort required), ensuring that users are well-trained and oriented into climate screening for agriculture in order to reduce the impact of subjectivity on screening outcomes, and so on. …”
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Pro-poor risk management: essays on the economics of index-based risk transfer products por Chantarat, S.

“…The second chapter explains how the strong relation between widespread human suffering and weather shocks creates an opportunity to develop famine indexed weather derivatives to finance improved emergency response to humanitarian crises. …”
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Leveraging agrobiodiversity to create sustainable food systems for healthier diets por Kennedy, G., Hunter, D., Garrett, J., Padulosi, S.

“…At the same time, many of the ways in which food systems operate, from production to sales and consumption, are causing significant environmental damage, including loss of biodiversity and of the beneficial services that biodiversity in ecosystems provides to humanity. This paper argues that focusing on increasing agricultural biodiversity in landscapes, food systems and diets is an important part of the solution to creating healthier diets from sustainable food systems. …”
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Integrating market chain assessments with zoonoses risk analysis in two cross-border pig value chains in Lao PDR por Okello, Anna L., Tiemann, Tassilo T., Inthavong, Phouth, Khamlome, Boualam, Phengvilaysouk, Ammaly, Keonouchanh, Soukanh, Keokhamphet, Chattouphone, Somoulay, Virasack, Blaszak, Kate, Blacksell, Stuart D., Okello, Walter O., Allen, John

“…Results Trichinella and HEV exposure was high in both humans and pigs in both study areas, significantly associated with pig slaughter and the subsequent consumption and handling of raw pork products. …”
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Informal value chain actors’ knowledge and perceptions about zoonotic diseases and biosecurity in Kenya and the importance for food safety and public health por Nyokabi, S., Birner, Regina, Bett, Bernard K., Isuyi, L., Grace, Delia, Güttler, D., Lindahl, Johanna F.

“…Zoonotic diseases, transmitted from animals to humans, are a public health challenge in developing countries. …”
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Diversity and morphological characterization of Musa spp. in North Kivu and Ituri provinces, Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo por Sivirihauma, Charles, Ocimati, W., Valimuzigha, K., Karamura, D., Adheka, J., Ibanda, B., Dhed’a, B., Kamira, M., Blomme, Guy

“…However, Musa diversity in this region has never been characterized nor represented in national or international collections, yet increasing human activities and build-up of pests and diseases, especially Xanthomonas wilt of banana and banana bunchy top disease, could negatively affect this diversity. …”
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Breeding maize for resistance to mycotoxins at IITA por Menkir, A., Brown, R.L., Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit, Chen, Z.Y., Cleveland, T.E.

“…These fungi contaminate maize with mycotoxins that pose serious potential health hazards to humans in these areas. A collaborative germplasm screening project was initiated between the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and the Southern Regional Research Center (SRRC) of the USDA's Agricultural Research Service in 1998 to develop maize germplasm with resistance to aflatoxin contamination. …”
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