Resultados de búsqueda - "Decadence"

What's up with catch-up?: No evidence of population-level catch-up growth in children under 5 years of age when using height-for-age difference (HAD) instead of height-for-age z-sc... por Leroy, Jef L., Ruel, Marie T., Habicht, Jean-Pierre, Frongillo, Edward A.

“…Studies conducted in past decades showed little or no population‐level linear catch‐up growth (defined as reductions in absolute height deficit) in children after 2 y of age. …”
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Adjusting to external shocks in small open economies: The case of Honduras por Morley, Samuel, Piñeiro, Valeria

“…After growing strongly for the two decades prior to 1980, the economy suffered through more than 20 years of growth so slow that only in 1998 did per capita income surpass the level it had reached in 1980. …”
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Eating wild animals: Rewards, risks and recommendations por Grace, Delia, Bett, Bernard K., Cook, Elizabeth A.J., Lam, Steven, MacMillan, Susan, Masudi, Phyllis, Mispiratceguy, M., Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Patel, Ekta, Slater, Annabel, Staal, Steven J., Thomas, Lian F.

“…Based on literature reviews, this report seeks to understand wild meat consumption by people and the value chains that supply it—including hunting, harvesting, marketing and consumption—and the implications of consuming wild meat for both human nutrition and zoonotic risks in Africa and East and Southeast Asia regions where wildlife is an abundant especially abundant renewable resource and widely consumed and where ILRI has been researching use of wild meat for many decades. The report synthesizes the available evidence on wild meat and recommends practices and research priorities to mitigate the biodiversity conservation and zoonotic risks related to its consumption, particularly for use by organizations working in the health, veterinary, environment and wildlife sectors.…”
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Identifying Zambia's industrial fortification options: Toward overcoming the food and nutrition information gap-induced impasse por Fiedler, John L., Lividini, Keith, Zulu, Rodah, Kabaghe, Gladys, Tehinse, John, Bermudez, Odilia I.

“…Micronutrient deficiencies—especially among young children—have changed little over the past decade. In 2008 an initiative to introduce fortified flours was halted when last-hour questions about the program could not be answered.To provide information about the need, coverage, and impact of alternative fortification portfolio options to help Zambia overcome its fortification impasse.Using household data from the 2006 Living Conditions Monitoring Survey, apparent micronutrient intake levels and apparent consumption levels of sugar, vegetable oil, wheat flour and maize meal were estimated. …”
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Taxation policy and gender employment in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A comparative analysis of Algeria, Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia por Fofana, Ismaël, Corong, Erwin, Chatti, Rim, Bouazouni, Omar

“…The taxation policies in the Middle East and North Africa region have changed over the last decade and may undergo significant changes in the coming years. …”
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HIV/AIDS, food supplementation and livelihood programs in Uganda: A way worward por Yager, Jessica E., Kadiyala, Suneetha, Weise, Sheri D.

“…Background Over the last decade, health, nutrition and policy experts have become increasingly aware of the many ways in which food insecurity and HIV infection negatively impact and reinforce one another. …”
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Introduction [in Myanmar’s agrifood system: Historical development, recent shocks, future opportunities] por Boughton, Duncan, Belton, Ben, Lambrecht, Isabel B., Minten, Bart

“…A decade of rapid, albeit uneven, progress in Myanmar’s economic development was thrown into reverse by a series of shocks that began with the COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020. …”
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HIV/AIDS, food security and rural livelihoods: Understanding and responding por Loevinsohn, Michael E., Gillespie, Stuart

“…There is hardly need these days to repeat that HIV/AIDS is devastating African societies and economies, threatening the hard-won human development gains of the past several decades. The changes to the development landscape wrought by AIDS demand a review of existing development actions at many levels, from households seeking to secure viable livelihoods, to policymakers attempting to better understand and internalize the implications of AIDS for their own sectoral goals and strategies. …”
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HIV/AIDS, food security and rural livelihoods: understanding and responding por Loevinsohn, Michael E., Gillespie, Stuart

“…There is hardly need these days to repeat that HIV/AIDS is devastating African societies and economies, threatening the hard-won human development gains of the past several decades. The changes to the development landscape wrought by AIDS demand a review of existing development actions at many levels, from households seeking to secure viable livelihoods, to policymakers attempting to better understand and internalize the implications of AIDS for their own sectoral goals and strategies. …”
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2008 Global Hunger Index: The challenge of hunger por von Grebmer, Klaus, Fritschel, Heidi, Nestorova, Bella, Olofinbiyi, Tolulope, Pandya-Lorch, Rajul, Yohannes, Yisehac

“…The 2008 Global Hunger Index (GHI) shows that the world has made slow progress in reducing food insecurity since 1990, with dramatic differences among regions and countries. In the nearly two decades since 1990, some regions - South and Southeast Asia, the Near East and North Africa, and Latin America and the Caribbean - have made significant headway in improving food security. …”
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Public spending and poverty reduction in an oil-based economy: The case of Yemen por Chemingui, Mohamed Abdelbasset

“…While increasing public spending in priority areas appears to be the best solution available for the government to reduce poverty during the next decade, the road is still long for Yemen to be able to achieve its Millennium Development Goals for poverty reduction. …”
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Diversity in agricultural research resources in the Asia-Pacific region por Beintema, Nienke M., Stads, Gert-Jan

“…Nonetheless, all countries in our survey sample experienced improvements in qualification levels of agricultural scientists over the past decade, despite the challenges that certain countries face in rejuvenating their researcher pool. …”
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Policies for improved land management and agricultural market development in the Ethiopian Highlands: Summary of Papers and Proceedings of a Workshop Held at the Ghion Hotel, Addis... por Pender, John L., Ruben, Ruerd, Jabbar, Mohammad Abdul, Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Zaude

“…IFPRI has worked for more than a decade in Ethiopia studying the root causes of the interrelated problems of famine, rural poverty, low agricultural productivity and natural resource degradation, and helping to identify strategies and policies to overcome these problems. …”
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Agricultural growth and investment options for poverty reduction in Uganda por Benin, Samuel, Thurlow, James, Diao, Xinshen, Kebba, Allen, Ofwono, Nelson

“…Over the past two decades, Uganda has experienced strong economic growth. …”
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The changing organizational basis of African agricultural research por Roseboom, Johannes, Pardey, Philip G., Beintema, Nienke M.

“…National agricultural research systems in Africa increased markedly in size throughout the past three decades, but from an especially small base. In 1961, public systems in 33 of 48 African countries employed fewer than 25 full-time equivalent (fte) researchers, by 1991 there were only 8 such systems (and 23 countries employed more than 100 fte researchers, compared with only 4 countries in 1961). …”
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Cost aspects of African agricultural research por Pardey, Philip G., Roseboom, Johannes, Beintema, Nienke M., Chan-Kang, Connie

“…Spending per scientist declined precipitously within African agricultural R&D agencies over the past several decades. In 1991, average cost per researcher across 147 R&D agencies was $119,300 in 1985 international dollars — or US$59,500 when measured in United States rather than international dollars — 34 percent below the corresponding 1961 figure. …”
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The bang for the birr: Public expenditures and rural welfare in Ethiopia por Mogues, Tewodaj, Ayele, Gezahegn, Paulos, Zelekawork

“…During the past decade and a half, Ethiopia’s approach to promoting development and improving the lives of the country’s rural population has been driven by a government strategy called Agricultural Development–Led Industrialization (ADLI). …”
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The bang for the birr: Public expenditures and rural welfare in Ethiopia por Mogues, Tewodaj, Ayele, Gezahegn, Paulos, Zelekawork

“…During the past decade and a half, Ethiopia’s approach to promoting development and improving the lives of the country’s rural population has been driven by a government strategy called Agricultural Development–Led Industrialization (ADLI). …”
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Public expenditures, growth, and poverty: Lessons from developing countries por Fan, Shenggen

“…During the past several decades, developing countries have had mixed results in reducing poverty. …”
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Genetic trends in the Kenya highland maize breeding program between 1999 and 2020 por Ligeyo, Dickson, Saina, Edward, Awalla, Bornface J., Sneller, Clay, Chivasa, Walter, Musundire, Lennin, Makumbi, Dan, Mulanya, Mable, Milic, Dragan, Mutiga, Samuel K., Lagat, Abraham, Das, Biswanath, Prasanna, Boddupali M.

“…To establish the genetic trends in the Kenyan Highland Maize Breeding Program (KHMP), a two-decade (1999-2020) historical dataset from the Preliminary Variety Trials (PVT) and Advanced Variety Trials (AVT) was analyzed. …”
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