Resultados de búsqueda - "AIDES"

The road half traveled: agricultural market reform in Sub-Saharan Africa por Kherallah, Mylene, Delgado, Christopher L., Gabre-Madhin, Eleni Zaude, Minot, Nicholas, Johnson, Michael E.

“…At the beginning of the 21st century, Sub-Saharan Africa confronts a number of daunting problems: extensive hunger, malnutrition, poverty, resource degradation, and the spread of AIDS. Because the majority of the region’s population remains dependent on agriculture for its livelihood, well-functioning and efficient agricultural markets continue to be key to improving Sub-Saharan Africa’s economic health. …”
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Africa’s food and nutrition security situation: where are we and how did we get here? por Benson, Todd

“…When food insecurity interacts with health and care problems it translates into nutrition insecurity. HIV/AIDS is an important issue in that context. This comprehensive paper gives prominent attention to the oft-neglected issue of nutrition security. …”
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Role of SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SARK) in senescence regulation and developmental processes in Arabidopsis por Kurmanbayeva, A., Soltabayeva, A., Dauletova, N., Dauletkyzy, A., Mukhitkyzy, S., Tleukhan, A., Serik, S., Tarlykov, P., Rakhmetova, A., Omondi, J.O., Srivastava, S.

“…In light of increasing environmental stress, understanding the biological roles and molecular mechanisms of the genes implicated in senescence regulation and receptor perception could aid in the development of stress-tolerant crops. …”
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Les perspectives de l'offre et de la demande de cereales en Inde a l'horizon 2020 por Bhalla, G. S., Hazell, Peter B. R., Kerr, John M.

“…En 1970, la population de l'Inde était seulement les deux tiers de qu'elle est aujourd'hui mais la production de céréales était seulement à la moitié du niveau actuel et le pays dépendait gravement d'aide alimentaire pour prévenir de grandes famines, en particulier au cours des années de sécheresse. …”
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Biosafety decisions and perceived commercial risks: The role of GM-free private standards por Gruère, Guillaume P., Sengupta, Debdatta

“…The results of our analysis are used to suggest a simple framework to separate real commercial risks from others, based on five critical questions designed to aid decision makers when they face pressures to reject GM crop testing, application, consumption or use for fear of alleged export losses.…”
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How does food price increase affect Ugandan households?: An augmented multimarket approach por Ulimwengu, John M., Ramadan, Racha

“…In this paper, we extend Singh et al. (1986) multimarket model by adding demand elasticities from the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS). We use the integrated Ugandan National Household Survey (UNHS) 2005/2006 to estimate a measure of net consumption impact that includes both price and profit effects. …”
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Impact of orphanhood on underweight prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa por Rivers, Jonathan, Mason, John, Silvestre, Eva, Gillespie, Stuart, Mahy, Mary, Monasch, Roeland

“…In Africa, approximately 25 million people live with HIV/AIDS and 12 million children are orphaned. Although evidence indicates that orphans risk losing opportunities for adequate education, health care, and future employment, the immediate effects of orphanhood on child nutritional status remain poorly understood.This paper assesses the nutritional impact of orphanhood, with particular emphasis on taking account of various factors potentially confounding or masking these impacts.Child anthropometry and orphan status were examined in 23 Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and Demographic and Health Surveys throughout sub-Saharan Africa, which were subsequently merged into larger, region-specific datasets (East, West, and Southern Africa). …”
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Gender-inclusive consumer studies improve cassava breeding in Nigeria por Madu, T., Onwuka, S., Nwafor, S., Ejechi, M., Ofoeze, M., Onyemauwa, N., Ukeje, B., Eluagu, C., Olaosebikan, Olamide, Benjamin Okoye

“…Quantitative and qualitative research by the gender cross-cutting team modeled trait profiling and consumer preferences, to aid demand-led breeding. Some of the methods were acquired at several trainings on how to quantify qualitative responses for prioritization. …”
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Leveraging crop yield forecasts using satellite information for early warning in Senegal por Panjwani, Shweta, Jampani, Mahesh, Sambou, Mame H. A., Amarnath, Giriraj

“…This enhanced capability could bolster Senegal's resilience to climate change by aiding decision-makers and planners in developing more effective strategies to ensure food security.…”
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Integrating rainfall index-based insurance with optimal crop management strategies can reduce financial risks for Australian dryland cotton farmers por Thong Nguyen-Huy, Kath, J., Kouadio, L., King, R., Mushtaq, S., Barratt, J.

“…The framework developed in this study could aid in devising financial strategies to enhance farming resilience during climate extremes.…”
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Strong genotype by environment interactions in the rice Global MAGIC population across seedling stage drought por Moyers, Brook T., Henry, Amelia, Raghavan, Chitra, Zaw, Hein, Marrano, Annarita, Leung, Hei, McKay, John

“…Future adaptation will likely need to harness both highly polygenic traits and genotype-by-environment interactions (GxE), the study of which is aided by complex recombinant populations. We used the diverse Oryza sativa Global Multiparent Advanced Generation InterCross (MAGIC) population to study the genetic architecture and contributions of seedling emergence, establishment, and development to yield components under dry-direct seeding and seedling stage drought across three growing seasons. …”
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Small mammal communities, associated damage to rice and damage prevention in smallholder rice storage facilities in Sri Lanka por Htwe, Nyo Me, Sarathchandra, Siriwardana Rampalage, Sluydts, Vincent, Nugaliyadde, Lionel, Singleton, Grant R., Jacob, Jens

“…This netting can be used to aid the development of an ecologically-based rodent management (EBRM) program tailored to local conditions. …”
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Machine learning reveals spatiotemporal genome evolution in Asian rice domestication por Ohyanagi, Hajime, Goto, Kosuke, Negrão, Sónia, Wing, Rod A., Tester, Mark A., McNally, Kenneth L., Bajic, Vladimir B., Mineta, Katsuhiko, Gojobori, Takashi

“…Here we show the genome-wide introgressive region (IR) map of Asian rice, by utilizing 4,587 accession genotypes with a stable outgroup species, particularly at the finest resolution through a machine learning-aided method. The IR map revealed that 14.2% of the rice genome consists of IRs, including both wide IRs (recent) and narrow IRs (ancient). …”
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Molecular dissection of the primary sink size and its related traits in rice por Xu, J.L., Yu, S.B., Luo, L.J., Zhong, D.B., Mei, H.W., Li, Z.K.

“…Fourthly, some QTLs had large effects on panicle number (QPn4), panicle branching and length (QPbn3a, QPbn3b and QPb14), grain length and volume (QG13, QG15 and QGv2), and grain shape (QGs1 and QGs7), which were consistently detected in the related rice mapping populations and in different environments, providing good candidates and useful information for marker‐aided improvement of sink size and yield potential of rice.…”
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EcoFarm: To encourage agroecological farming practices por Samaddar, Ayan, Subrata, Saha

“…It was discovered during this process that farmers need to be given the appropriate interpretation of these mechanisms to aid them in decision-making when engaging in agroecological practices. …”
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The state of food insecurity measurement: A mix of methods, and a mix of messages por Headey, Derek D.

“…Robust food insecurity indicators are needed for monitoring development targets, humanitarian advocacy efforts, and rationally allocating foreign aid. Longstanding dissatisfaction with the FAO’s undernourishment indicator prompted the development of new metrics in recent decades, including the FAO’s Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) and the unaffordability of healthy diets. …”
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Cost effectiveness of anticipatory action: Lesotho, Madagascar, and Mozambique por de Brauw, Alan

“…By cost effectiveness, we refer to the relative costs and benefits of anticipatory action in general relative to a more standard approach to post-shock aid. In this context, we largely want to know what would happen to potential beneficiary households in two different scenarios: 1) if they receive anticipatory action transfers, and 2) if they instead receive unconditional post-shock transfers of the same size. …”
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Food fight: From plunder and profit to people and planet por Gillespie, Stuart

“…From its origins in colonial plunder through to the past few decades of neo-liberalism, our food system now lies in the tight grip of a handful of powerful transnational corporations that are playing for profit at any cost—aided by governments who let them get away with it. …”
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Impacts of fall Armyworm, groundnut rosette, and soybean rust diseases on smallholder welfare and the effectiveness of control strategies por Mulungu, Kelvin H., Innocent Pangapanga-Phiri, Ngoma, Hambulo

“…Although farmers employ multiple strategies to control these pests/diseases, we find evidence, albeit not robust to different estimation strategies, that pesticides, crop rotation, and the use of improved seeds aid in reducing the negative effect of pests/diseases on crop yields. …”
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Soil fertility improvement in agroforestry after 30 years of silvopasture on ferric lixisols within the Guinea Savanna ecology of Nigeria por Mesele, S.A., Adelana, F.O., Mechri, M.

“…Silvopastoral system, through nitrogen cycling and water retention, may aid in the rejuvenation of degraded soils and improve crop productivity in nutrient-depleted soils.…”
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