Mecanismos de defensa y respuestas de las plantas en la interacción micorrícica: una revisión

El establecimiento de la simbiosis planta-hongos formadores de micorrizas Arbusculares (HFMA) requiere procesos armónicos a nivel espacio-temporal, que dependen de señales para el reconocimiento, colonización e intercambio bidireccional de nutrientes. Las plantas presentan respuestas de defensa fren...

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Main Authors:	Ramírez Gómez, Margarita, Rodríguez, Alia
Format:	article
Language:	Español
Published:	SciELO 2025
Subjects:	Investigación agropecuaria - A50 Hongo Micorrizas arbusculares Mecanismo de defensa Simbiosis Transversal http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3145 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1415699873241 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35269 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7563
Online Access:	http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0123-34752012000100025&lng=en&nrm=iso http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12324/40960

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institution	Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria
collection	Repositorio AGROSAVIA
language	Español
topic	Investigación agropecuaria - A50 Hongo Micorrizas arbusculares Mecanismo de defensa Simbiosis Transversal http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3145 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1415699873241 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35269 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7563
spellingShingle	Investigación agropecuaria - A50 Hongo Micorrizas arbusculares Mecanismo de defensa Simbiosis Transversal http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3145 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1415699873241 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35269 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7563 Ramírez Gómez, Margarita Rodríguez, Alia Mecanismos de defensa y respuestas de las plantas en la interacción micorrícica: una revisión
description	El establecimiento de la simbiosis planta-hongos formadores de micorrizas Arbusculares (HFMA) requiere procesos armónicos a nivel espacio-temporal, que dependen de señales para el reconocimiento, colonización e intercambio bidireccional de nutrientes. Las plantas presentan respuestas de defensa frente a posibles organismos invasores; sin embargo, frente a HFMA estas son débiles, localizadas y no impiden la colonización del hongo. Los beneficios de la simbiosis generalmente se asocian a nutrición vegetal, aunque, también está relacionada con el incremento de la tolerancia-resistencia de plantas a los estreses bióticos. La resistencia inducida HFMA (MIR) es importante en el control de patógenos foliares, comedores de hojas y necrótrofos, encontrándose protección de plantas micorrizadas tanto a nivel local como sistémico, relacionada con los niveles de ácido jasmónico en tejidos. Un mecanismo en la MIR está asociado con el “priming”, que permite una rápida y eficiente respuesta de defensa de plantas micorrizadas. Se han planteado posibles mecanismos de atenuación de las respuestas de defensa, considerando: activación de supresores de defensa; plantas que producen respuestas de defensa frente a HFMA y otras que no las producen, y plantas que suprimen las respuestas de defensa en la simbiosis. Aunque el control de la simbiosisestá regulado básicamente por la planta, aún se desconoce el papel de los HFMA en el debilitamiento de las respuestas de defensa. Recientemente, se ha dado un avance importante en entender los mecanismos mediante los cuales se establece y mantiene la biotrofía del hongo, al describirse la proteína SP7 que interactúa con el factor de transcripción PR, ERF19 en el núcleo de la célula vegetal. Se ha sugerido que SP7 es un efector que actúa oponiéndose al programa de inmunidad de la planta. Este documento está orientado a hacer una revisión de las respuestas de defensa que presentan las plantas bajo condiciones de simbiosis con HFMA, con el fin tener un acercamiento sobre los posibles mecanismos de atenuación de las mismas, de forma tal que permite el establecimiento de la simbiosis. Además, se desea tener una aproximación al tema de la capacidad de defensa que presenta la planta micorrizada frente a un amplio grupo de organismos patógenos.
format	article
author	Ramírez Gómez, Margarita Rodríguez, Alia
author_facet	Ramírez Gómez, Margarita Rodríguez, Alia
author_sort	Ramírez Gómez, Margarita
title	Mecanismos de defensa y respuestas de las plantas en la interacción micorrícica: una revisión
title_short	Mecanismos de defensa y respuestas de las plantas en la interacción micorrícica: una revisión
title_full	Mecanismos de defensa y respuestas de las plantas en la interacción micorrícica: una revisión
title_fullStr	Mecanismos de defensa y respuestas de las plantas en la interacción micorrícica: una revisión
title_full_unstemmed	Mecanismos de defensa y respuestas de las plantas en la interacción micorrícica: una revisión
title_sort	mecanismos de defensa y respuestas de las plantas en la interacción micorrícica: una revisión
publisher	SciELO
publishDate	2025
url	http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0123-34752012000100025&lng=en&nrm=iso http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12324/40960
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spelling	RepoAGROSAVIA409602025-05-30T03:02:32Z Mecanismos de defensa y respuestas de las plantas en la interacción micorrícica: una revisión Plant defense mechanisms and responses in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis: a review. Ramírez Gómez, Margarita Rodríguez, Alia Investigación agropecuaria - A50 Hongo Micorrizas arbusculares Mecanismo de defensa Simbiosis Transversal http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_3145 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_1415699873241 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_35269 http://aims.fao.org/aos/agrovoc/c_7563 El establecimiento de la simbiosis planta-hongos formadores de micorrizas Arbusculares (HFMA) requiere procesos armónicos a nivel espacio-temporal, que dependen de señales para el reconocimiento, colonización e intercambio bidireccional de nutrientes. Las plantas presentan respuestas de defensa frente a posibles organismos invasores; sin embargo, frente a HFMA estas son débiles, localizadas y no impiden la colonización del hongo. Los beneficios de la simbiosis generalmente se asocian a nutrición vegetal, aunque, también está relacionada con el incremento de la tolerancia-resistencia de plantas a los estreses bióticos. La resistencia inducida HFMA (MIR) es importante en el control de patógenos foliares, comedores de hojas y necrótrofos, encontrándose protección de plantas micorrizadas tanto a nivel local como sistémico, relacionada con los niveles de ácido jasmónico en tejidos. Un mecanismo en la MIR está asociado con el “priming”, que permite una rápida y eficiente respuesta de defensa de plantas micorrizadas. Se han planteado posibles mecanismos de atenuación de las respuestas de defensa, considerando: activación de supresores de defensa; plantas que producen respuestas de defensa frente a HFMA y otras que no las producen, y plantas que suprimen las respuestas de defensa en la simbiosis. Aunque el control de la simbiosisestá regulado básicamente por la planta, aún se desconoce el papel de los HFMA en el debilitamiento de las respuestas de defensa. Recientemente, se ha dado un avance importante en entender los mecanismos mediante los cuales se establece y mantiene la biotrofía del hongo, al describirse la proteína SP7 que interactúa con el factor de transcripción PR, ERF19 en el núcleo de la célula vegetal. Se ha sugerido que SP7 es un efector que actúa oponiéndose al programa de inmunidad de la planta. Este documento está orientado a hacer una revisión de las respuestas de defensa que presentan las plantas bajo condiciones de simbiosis con HFMA, con el fin tener un acercamiento sobre los posibles mecanismos de atenuación de las mismas, de forma tal que permite el establecimiento de la simbiosis. Además, se desea tener una aproximación al tema de la capacidad de defensa que presenta la planta micorrizada frente a un amplio grupo de organismos patógenos. 2025-05-29T19:45:47Z 2025-05-29T19:45:47Z 2012-07 2012 article Artículo científico http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 info:eu-repo/semantics/article https://purl.org/redcol/resource_type/ART http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85 http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0123-34752012000100025&lng=en&nrm=iso 0123-3475 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12324/40960 reponame:Biblioteca Digital Agropecuaria de Colombia instname:Corporación colombiana de investigación agropecuaria AGROSAVIA spa Colombiana de Biotecnología 14 1 271 284 Abdel-Fattah G.M. y Shabana Y.M. 2002. Efficacy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (Glomus clarum) in protection of cowpea plants from root rot pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. J Plant Dis Protect. 109(2):207-215. 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