Academic Journal
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Human Glioma Microenvironment.
| Title: | Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Human Glioma Microenvironment. |
|---|---|
| Authors: | Ghouzlani A; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco., Kandoussi S; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco., Tall M; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco., Reddy KP; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.; Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Pleven, Pleven, Bulgaria., Rafii S; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco., Badou A; Cellular and Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco. |
| Source: | Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2021 Jul 09; Vol. 12, pp. 679425. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Jul 09 (Print Publication: 2021). |
| Publication Type: | Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
| Language: | English |
| Journal Info: | Publisher: Frontiers Research Foundation] Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101560960 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1664-3224 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 16643224 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Front Immunol Subsets: MEDLINE |
| Imprint Name(s): | Original Publication: [Lausanne : Frontiers Research Foundation] |
| MeSH Terms: | Brain Neoplasms/*drug therapy , Brain Neoplasms/*pathology , Glioma/*drug therapy , Glioma/*pathology , Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/*therapeutic use , Tumor Microenvironment/*drug effects, Biomarkers, Tumor ; Brain/drug effects ; Brain/immunology ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain/pathology ; Brain Neoplasms/etiology ; Brain Neoplasms/mortality ; Disease Susceptibility ; Glioma/etiology ; Glioma/mortality ; Humans ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/administration & dosage ; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/adverse effects ; Immune Checkpoint Proteins/genetics ; Immune Checkpoint Proteins/metabolism ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome ; Tumor Microenvironment/genetics ; Tumor Microenvironment/immunology |
| Abstract: | Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. Despite the fact that they are relatively rare, they cause significant morbidity and mortality. High-grade gliomas or glioblastomas are rapidly progressing tumors with a very poor prognosis. The presence of an intrinsic immune system in the central nervous system is now more accepted. During the last decade, there has been no major progress in glioma therapy. The lack of effective treatment for gliomas can be explained by the strategies that cancer cells use to escape the immune system. This being said, immunotherapy, which involves blockade of immune checkpoint inhibitors, has improved patients' survival in different cancer types. This novel cancer therapy appears to be one of the most promising approaches. In the present study, we will start with a review of the general concept of immune response within the brain and glioma microenvironment. Then, we will try to decipher the role of various immune checkpoint inhibitors within the glioma microenvironment. Finally, we will discuss some promising therapeutic pathways, including immune checkpoint blockade and the body's effective anti-glioma immune response. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2021 Ghouzlani, Kandoussi, Tall, Reddy, Rafii and Badou.) |
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| Contributed Indexing: | Keywords: Glioblastoma; Glioma; immune checkpoint; immune response; immunotherapy |
| Substance Nomenclature: | 0 (Biomarkers, Tumor) 0 (Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors) 0 (Immune Checkpoint Proteins) |
| Entry Date(s): | Date Created: 20210726 Date Completed: 20211029 Latest Revision: 20211029 |
| Update Code: | 20221216 |
| PubMed Central ID: | PMC8301219 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2021.679425 |
| PMID: | 34305910 |
| Database: | MEDLINE |
Accede al texto completo | ISSN: | 1664-3224 |
|---|---|
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2021.679425 |