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Laozi

| p = Lǎozǐ | tp = Lǎo-zǐh | w = | mi = | bpmf = ㄌㄠˇ   ㄗˇ | myr = Lǎudž | showflag = p | suz = Lâ-tsỳ | j = Lou5-zi2 | y = Lóuhjí | ci = | poj = Ló-chú | tl = Ló-tsú | oc-bs = C.rˤuʔ tsəʔ | vie = | hn = 老子 | hangul = | hanja = | rr = Noja | kanji = 老子 | hiragana = ろうし | katakana = ロウシ | revhep = Rōshi | kunrei = Rousi | altname = Personal name | c2 = 李耳 | p2 = Lǐ Ěr | tp2 = Lǐ Ěr | w2 = | mi2 = |bpmf2|ㄌㄧˇ ㄦˇ | oc-bs2 = C.rəʔ C.nəʔ | altname3 = Courtesy name | t3 = 李伯陽 | s3 = 李伯阳 | p3 = Lǐ Bóyáng | tp3 = Lǐ Bó-yáng | w3 = | mi3 = | bpmf3 = ㄌㄧˇ ㄅㄛˊ ㄧㄤˊ | oc-bs3 = C.rəʔ pˤrak laŋ | altname4 = Posthumous name | c4 = | p4 = | tp4 = | w4 = |}} | mi4 = |}} | bpmf4 = | altname5 = Theonym | c5 = 老君 | p5 = Lǎojūn | tp5 = Lǎo-jyun | w5 = | mi5 = | bpmf5 = ㄌㄠˇ ㄐㄩㄣ | l5 = the Old Lord }}

A central figure in Chinese culture, Laozi is generally considered the founder of Taoism. He was claimed and revered as the ancestor of the Tang dynasty (618–907) and is similarly honored in modern China as the progenitor of the popular surname Li. In some sects of Taoism, Chinese Buddhism, Confucianism, and Chinese folk religion, it is held that he then became an immortal hermit. Certain Taoist devotees held that the ''Dào Dé Jīng'' was the avatarembodied as a bookof the god Laojun, one of the Three Pure Ones of the Taoist pantheon, though few philosophers believe this.

The ''Dào Dé Jīng'' had a profound influence on Chinese religious movements and on subsequent Chinese philosophers, who annotated, commended, and criticized the texts extensively. In the 20th century, textual criticism by historians led to theories questioning Laozi's timing or even existence, positing that the received text of the ''Dào Dé Jīng'' was not composed until the Warring States period (221 BC), and was the product of multiple authors.

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